Wu Xichou in Southern Song Dynasty (1)
I left in a hurry most of the time, and I couldn't get through many intimate feelings.
Yan Guo was cold and rainy before he got married, and people were like Chinese wine.
A window of grass leans against the old stream, and five acres of garden is private.
No fu evokes the soul (4) Become a solo whistle, and spring sentences answer spring works.
[attention]
① Wu Xichou: a poet at the end of the Southern Song Dynasty, who died in the Southern Song Dynasty in the third year after his death.
2 Lianxi Lao: Zhou Dunyi, who settled in Lushan Mountain in his later years, is known as Lianxi Xianniu.
③ Sushui Weng: Sima Guang, a native of Sushui Village, Xia County, Shaanxi Province (now Shanxi Province), was known as Mr. Sushui in the world.
④ Evocation: Qu Yuan wrote Evocation to express his mourning for his death in a foreign country and his sorrow for the fate of Chu.
A window of grass leans against the old stream, and five acres of garden is private.
In these two sentences, "anti" means welcome, and "a window of grass to the old man in Lianxi" means a window of green grass to welcome the poet back. Inverse uses personification, endows the green grass with human feelings, writes their affection for the master, and implicitly and profoundly shows the poet's seclusion when he returns home.
"Private" is preference. "Five acres of private waterfowl garden" means that five acres of pastoral areas prefer poets, and poets are happy to live here. "Private" endowed the countryside with human feelings by personification, wrote the cordial feelings they brought to their owners, and implicitly and profoundly expressed the poet's love for rural life.
Reference translation
Beautiful spring scenery (alluding to one's own beautiful youth, but also alluding to the great national conditions of the Song Dynasty) has passed more than half in a hurry, and the pent-up feelings in my heart (alluding to the hidden pain of worrying about the country and hurting the spring) are hard to say. Swallows fly around in the rain of the Cold Food Festival, building nests with mud. Although they didn't get married, they all settled down and got married in the end. The general trend of the Song Dynasty, like the spring breeze, is gone forever and can't be redeemed. I feel as groggy and painful as when I was half drunk in the falling flower season. When you are old, you can only amuse yourself with vegetation. Green grass greets me under the window, and five acres of fields spoil me. Although I can't write "evocation" as Qu Yuan did in exile to mourn the former emperor in a foreign land and lament the fate of Song State, I can repay nature in spring with poetry for the time being.
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This is a poem of spring, which implicitly reveals the worry of losing the country.
At the beginning of this poem, I expressed my feelings directly: "I left in a hurry most of the time, and I couldn't get through any intimate feelings." He lamented that the years had passed too quickly, and he felt an indescribable sense of stagnation in his heart. What is this "love affair"? On the surface, it seems to hurt spring, but from the perspective of the whole poem, it implies the hidden pain when worrying about and hurting the country. The prosperous spring has passed, and the' national luck' of Dasong is gone forever like a beautiful spring! So this "love affair" is not only hurting the spring, but also worrying about the country. Perfect and vague.
The meaning of the couplet is closely linked to the first couplet, and what the poet saw and felt in the spring scenery: "Yan is not married to Han, and people are like Chinese wine." The first sentence is about the prospect, and the next sentence expresses the feelings in the chest. Swallows fly around in the rain of the Cold Food Festival, holding mud to build nests, which arouses the poet's infinite feelings: although Yan has not married, she will eventually have a nest to live in, and the general trend of the Song Dynasty is gone and irreversible. People are as groggy and sad as "Chinese wine" at the time of falling flowers. This not only describes the feeling of physical discomfort in the rainy season, but also describes the injured mental state, making the physical and psychological depression, sadness and sorrow look like gods.
Neck couplet is the turning point and transition of the thoughts and feelings of the latter two couplets. The author gently spread out his intimate feelings to entertain himself with vegetation. The author calls himself "Lianxi old man" and "Suishui old man" and lives in seclusion in the countryside to show his respect. The words "inverse" and "private" in couplets are extremely accurate. Inverse, meaning to welcome guests. Private, when "preference" explains. These two sentences use anthropomorphic methods to give the green grass pastoral poems a human touch, write their close relationship with the protagonist, and show the poet's love for rural life in a tortuous and profound way. These two words enliven the countryside and deepen the character.
Tail couplet further clarified the former meaning and resolved the incident with a calm attitude beyond reality. "No fu calls the soul into a solo, and the spring sentence answers the spring work." Evocation, using Qu Yuan's "Li Sao" code. Zhao Haoqi of Qin tricked Chu Huaiwang into Qin and threatened him to cede territory. When Chu Huaiwang refused, Zhao Haoqi detained him and died in Qin three years later. Qu Yuan, who was in exile, got the news and wrote "Evocation of Soul", expressing his mourning for Chu Huaiwang who died in a foreign country and his sorrow for the fate of Chu. The author lives in a corner of the Southern Song Dynasty. Recalling the difficulty of Jingkang, Hui Zong and Qinzong were taken to the north by Jin people and died in the five kingdoms city. Their experiences are very similar to those in Chu Huaiwang. The Northern Song Dynasty perished, while the Southern Song Dynasty remained depressed, and the era in which the author lived was at stake. He can't be calm inside, but saying "unhappy" is to restrain his feelings and resolutely get rid of them. Because "evocation" is not only useless, but also increases sadness. Might as well ignore it. What's more, when you seldom have this kind of happiness, let's write poems to repay the labor in spring! The last sentence "Five Blessingg" was decisively used! The next sentence "harmony" is really helpless. Although its "affair" can be temporarily resolved, how can it be eliminated from the heart! It can be seen that the author can't forget the contradictory pain of reality, but he is a recluse poet after all, so he finally fled from reality in order to get rid of it.
"Love" is the theme of the whole poem, which revolves around the connection and cohesion of civilization. Poetry and painting are integrated, subject and object are integrated, and the text is novel and artistic.