Bitter bamboo garden south pepper dock, slightly fragrant Ran Ran tears trickled down.
I share things with the cold geese, and my heart is patient.
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Bitter bamboo garden south pepper dock, slightly fragrant Ran Ran tears trickled down.
I share things with the cold geese, and my heart is patient.
Narrow road alone tonight, clear the bottle to save him next year.
Ziyun Xinyuan moved flowers and planted them beside the frost-free royal banquet.
This is a seven-rhythm poem about chrysanthemums. Compared with some quatrains of Li Shangyin, its connotation is greatly enriched due to the expansion of space. In this poem, a bunch of swaying wild chrysanthemums aroused the poet's infinite feelings.
At the beginning of the poem, I wrote: In the south of Kuzhu Garden, next to the scorched house, there are clusters of beautiful wild chrysanthemums, whose fragrance is slightly clear, and the autumn dew on the flowers is like a drop of tears. In meaning, the first paragraph clearly shows the place where the wild chrysanthemum grows, and the second sentence depicts the moving expression of the wild chrysanthemum. However, if we carefully taste it, we will find out how deeply the poet devoted himself to it. Bitter bamboo is a kind of bamboo with black spots on its sheath. The dock is a place with four sides high and a concave middle. Wild chrysanthemum grows alone in such a desolate and forgotten corner, surrounded by bitter bamboo and wild pepper. Bitter bamboo and spicy pepper are metaphors of sadness, which not only embellish the cold environment of Xiao Sa, but also reveal the poet's inner sadness. In the last sentence, there are two disyllabic words. "Ran Ran" refers to the continuous appearance of "trickle", which depicts the expression of wild chrysanthemum in a sad and touching way. Wild chrysanthemums don't have those precious floral scents, and they can't compare with the crowds with bright spring. It just exudes its faint fragrance; Only people who have the same fate as wild chrysanthemum will find it and pay attention to it. Poets pay attention to it with personal sympathy. At the same time, "fragrant Ran Ran" is a symbol of the noble character of chrysanthemum, and the poet's love for it is also kissing his own sublimity. Autumn dew hangs on the autumn chrysanthemum, but it is bitter tears for the poet, which clearly shows that the wild chrysanthemum in the poem is the image in the poet's heart, and he injects all his feelings into things and blends with them. Wild chrysanthemums are lifeless, let alone crying. This is a poem that the poet saw the wild chrysanthemum in the local area at that time, which touched his own sadness, made the tears in the poet's heart correspond to the dew on the chrysanthemum, and gave birth to a "trickle of tears". Similar descriptions are often found in Li Shangyin's poems. For example, in the poem Tianya, "If there are tears, the warbler is the wettest flower". The cheerful warbler sounds like a sad cry to the poet, and then he thinks of tears, which is the function of the poet's inner feelings. The only difference is that "the warbler cries" is caused by hearing, while the crying of wild chrysanthemum in this poem is caused by vision, which Qian Zhongshu calls "empathy". It can be seen that only the first two sentences show that poetry is not about singing chrysanthemums, but expressing inner resentment. The wild chrysanthemum was abandoned in the wild without anyone's attention, which is a true portrayal of the poet's sinking and wandering, depression and loneliness.
The second couplet is a link between the preceding and the following, which not only writes the spirit of wild chrysanthemum, but also entrusts the feeling of life experience, and is a vivid sentence in the poetry of chanting things. If in the first two sentences, the poet put his love into the description of wild chrysanthemum, then in these two sentences, the poet is almost straightforward, so the connotation is deeper and the emotion reaches a * * *, which has become the theme of this poem. "Festival" refers to the unique things of each season, such as spring peach, Xia Lian and winter plum. It can be called a festival. The natural reference here is autumn chrysanthemum, because chrysanthemum is "out of date and will wither with autumn grass". "Heart" means tenderness, and here it means cherishing flowers. "Cold geese" refers to wild geese in autumn. The autumn wind is chilly, and the geese fly south to follow; "Twilight cicada" refers to cicada after autumn. The midsummer has gone, and its voice is also sad and will disappear in time; So the cold goose cicada refers to something that is going out of date. These two words are: although I am already very sad that the scenery of autumn festival will be outdated and abandoned like a cold goose, how can I bear to pin my heart on the cry of cicadas? On the surface, the poet is sad to see the wild chrysanthemum disappear at any time, but he is unwilling to let this love for flowers end, further expressing his love and regret for the wild chrysanthemum. However, from the deep meaning analysis, the poet obviously shows a kind of sadness of life experience, which implies his fate of being stranded, lonely and abandoned, and shows an attitude of unwilling to sink. These two sentences contain a turning point. The last sentence is a pity for his abandoned lonely life, which is reflected in many poems of Li Shangyin. He also loves plum blossoms, and has written several poems by Yongmei, in which plum blossoms are used to compare himself, such as: "Who becomes an early show, not do miss?" ("Plum Blossoms in Mid-November") "Plum Blossoms are the most hateful, they grew last year." The poet (Yimei) regrets the "early show" of plum blossom, and even resents that it blooms first in spring and "only blooms last year". But when spring returns to the earth and flowers are in full bloom, it has already withered and withered, quietly buried under the soil, unable to enjoy this beautiful spring, unable to show its heroic spirit in the colorful world and compete with the crowd. In fact, what the poet sends out is sorrow and pity for his fate of "showing early" and "not waiting for teenagers", which is in the same strain as the message of "keeping things cold". The difference is that in this poem, although the author is sad, he is not ashamed; Although disappointed, I still have a glimmer of hope that my destiny will turn around and I can display my talents and realize my ambitions in the "big spring". This is the true meaning contained in Heart to Cicada. Mengxing Cheng said that the two sentences in the couplet fit the meaning of "Old Ran Ran is coming, and he is afraid that his name is not right" in Li Sao, which makes sense; He Chao said that this poem "abandoned words without being disheartened" is even more meaningful.
Then the poet's feelings became uncontrollable. Self-pity for his own life experience, but unwilling to sink, drove him to gallop in the world of communication and launched the last two poems. The third sentence is triggered by the scene here and now, which reminds us of an unforgettable scene. Syntactically, these two sentences are inverted sentences, which should be understood as: "This night, the narrow road came alone; Save bottles for other years. "it means: at dusk, I came to a quiet path alone to look for chrysanthemums; Think back to the days when I was drinking with my friends and enjoying chrysanthemums. Here, the first sentence is about today's loneliness, and the next sentence is about the past, which forms a sharp contrast. The words "exquisite", "independent" and "dusk" fully reflect Xiao Sa's cold and gloomy environment at that time and the poet's loneliness and sense of loss. The word "province" in the next sentence is very vivid, which originally meant "awakening" and can be interpreted as "suddenly remembering" here. When the poet faced a bunch of swaying wild chrysanthemums alone in the evening, he suddenly recalled that it was also this season, and he was also enjoying chrysanthemums. However, he is not alone, but toasts with his friends and drinks and rewards each other. How different things are. Li Shangyin's Supplement to Fan Nanwen's Collection has On Songs of Chu, which says that "on a snowy night in the Chrysanthemum Pavilion, Meng Zhi's joy makes him happy" and describes the scene of drinking and enjoying chrysanthemums with his boss and good friend Ling Huchu. The sentence "Qing Zun" may refer to these past events. Linghu Chu was very prominent in the dynasty, and he served as prime minister during Xianzong's reign. Li Shangyin lost his father when he was young, and his family was poor. Thanks to his uncle's guidance, he died in Daiwa for three years and had to drop out of school to pursue his career. At that time, Ling Huchu was appointed as our ambassador to Tianpingjun (Yunzhou) and hired Li Shangyin as an inspector. Because he is not very handsome, he is very polite because of his "excellent writing style". He specially asked him to make friends with his son Hu Ling Suo and others. Li Shangyin thanked Ling Huchu for his kind meeting and formed an indissoluble bond with his family. It seems that the poem "with a clear bottle" must be full of joy. The poet's sad memories of the reunion of the past not only increased the strength of the poem, but also laid the groundwork for the final couplet.
Finally, a pair of couplets by the poet continued Lenovo's thoughts in space, thinking of substituting flowers for trees in the palace, expressing their feelings for chrysanthemums and pinning their grief. The poem says: "Ziyun Garden is newly built in the palace, and many flowers and trees have been moved, but there are no chrysanthemums in Ao Shuang." "Banquet" originally refers to the ancient seating, but also refers to the banquet. We can't stick to the meaning in poetry. "Imperial banquet" should refer to the imperial court in the palace. The meaning of this poem is clear. The poet is naturally indignant that such a noble and decent chrysanthemum can't get a place in the imperial garden. But chrysanthemum is the image in the poet's mind, and its character and experience are the portrayal of the poet's character and life experience, and its meaning is also very clear. Poets are brilliant and noble in character, but they are not valued by powerful people. His political career is not good, so he can't stay home and "get close to the royal banquet". Therefore, this is the poet's refusal to enter the royal banquet by chrysanthemum, which means that he can't vent his anger and injustice through the Korean nation. Of course, there are also complaints about Hu Ling Mao's refusal to help. At that time, Linghu Mao was moving his official residence, which was like a new "flower" in the imperial garden. Hu Ling Mao didn't make a political difference like his father. He catered to the good side and was favored, but he was "jealous over himself" and had a bad record of covering up the good side. On the surface, he kept in touch with Li Shangyin for a long time, but he was deeply resentful and was suppressed intentionally or unintentionally. Li Shangyin naturally hopes to express his feelings for Hu Ling Mao through this poem, which means that he hopes to recommend it. Therefore, Mengxing Cheng, He Chao and others all pointed out that this poem is similar to another poem "Nine Days" by Li Shangyin. In that poem, the author also reveled in drinking and enjoying chrysanthemums, and described the different attitudes of Hu Ling and his son towards him, "regretting his son and feeling his father's regret", which made him both grateful and resentful, so that Ling Huchong felt ashamed when he saw the poem. Of course, it is worth noting that poetry, after all, is a work of art, which cannot be verified sentence by sentence and is too solid, which affects our artistic appreciation of poetry.
Throughout the poem, the propositions of "wild chrysanthemum" and "bitter bamboo pepper dock" refer to the hardships in the wild; "Ziyun Xinyuan" is a metaphor for being proud of the DPRK. The distinction between the ruling and the opposition is self-evident, which is the true meaning of the poet's "a gentleman is in the wild and looks into the DPRK."