[Tang] Du Fu
I heard that Dongting Lake is magnificent before, but today's wish has finally reached Yueyang Tower.
The vast lake tore Wu Chu apart, as if the sun, moon and stars were floating in the water.
There is no news from my friends or relatives. I am old and sick, drifting in a boat.
The battle of the north gate began again, and I cried through the railing.
[Edit this paragraph] Solution
This five-character poem was written one year before the poet's death, that is, the third year of Tang Daizong Dali (768). At that time, Du Fu drifted from Jiangling and Gongan to Yuezhou (now Hunan). Boarding the long-awaited Yueyang Tower, overlooking from the porch, facing the vast and magnificent Dongting Lake, the poet sincerely admired; Then I thought that I was wandering in my later years, and the country was full of disasters. I couldn't help feeling a lot, so I wrote this famous article with lofty mind and great pain. Yueyang Tower in the West Gate of Yueyang City, Hunan Province is one of the four famous buildings in China (the other three are Yellow Crane Tower in Wuhan, Tengwangge and Stork Tower in Nanchang, and the last one is said to be Penglai Pavilion and Yuewanglou). In the fourth year of Tang Kaiyuan, Zhang Shuo, secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee, worked in this state and often went to the building with talented people to compose poems, which made it famous and became a world-famous cultural building.
[Edit this paragraph] Explanation
1. Yueyang Tower: It is a tourist attraction in Yueyang City, Hunan Province, adjacent to Dongting Lake.
2. Wu Chu: The names of two countries in the Spring and Autumn Period, located in the areas of Hunan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Anhui, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Teal: It's cracked. The vast Wu Chu is separated by Dongting Lake.
3. Wei: Separate, separate. This refers to Dongting Lake, which separates Wu Chu from other places and is very open.
4. Gankun Sun and Moon Floating: The sun, the moon, the stars and the earth float on Dongting Lake day and night. Volume 38 of Notes to the Water Classics says, "The lake is more than 500 miles wide, and the sun and the moon haunt it."
5. Gan Kun: This refers to the sun and the moon.
6. Old illness: Du Fu is 57 years old, suffering from lung disease and hearing loss in his right ear.
7. There is a lone boat: a lone boat with only one leaf falling is uncertain. The poet spent his old age on a boat. This sentence is about Du Fu's life.
8. charger: war. In autumn and winter this year, Tubo once again invaded Longyou and Guanzhong areas.
9. By the porch: Stand by the window. Tears flow: tears can't help flowing. Snoring: tears, runny nose, which is biased, refers to tears.
10. To the north of this wall are wars and mountains: At that time, Tubo invaded Ningxia Lingwu and Shaanxi (Bohai) government, and the imperial court shook, and quickly mobilized troops to resist the enemy.
[Edit this paragraph] Translation
I heard that Dongting Lake is magnificent before, but today's wish has finally reached Yueyang Tower.
I heard that Dongting Lake is famous for its vast water potential. Now I'm on the Yueyang Tower by the lake, pitching the country. The first couplet uses the words "past" and "present" to start thinking, which opens the curtain of time and lays the foundation for the great momentum of the whole poem. When Du Fu was young, he had the ambition to visit famous mountains and rivers. He traveled to wuyue in the east and Zhao in the north. Yueyang Tower is a historical site, and the poet has long dreamed of a complete tour, but the war is frequent and his life experience is wandering, which is difficult to achieve. Only by living here today can I feast my eyes.
The vast lake tore Wu Chu apart, as if the sun, moon and stars were floating in the water.
I saw that Wu Chu was divided into the southeast by a huge lake; On the vast lake, the earth floats day and night. Zhuan Xu wrote about the boundless majestic momentum, broad artistic conception and magnificent scenery of Dongting Lake. The word "floating day and floating night" is deep and full of feelings in the scenery, implying his long-term wandering feelings. Liu Chenweng in the Song Dynasty said that this couplet "has a hundred generations of pressure and is a unique expression of five characters". "Wu Chu", the Kingdom of Wu and the State of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. Today, parts of Hubei, Hunan, Anhui and Jiangxi belong to the State of Chu. Today, parts of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jiangxi belonged to Wu in ancient times. Hey, Split.
There is no news from my friends or relatives. I am old and sick, drifting in a boat.
My friends and relatives have never sent me a word. I am old and ill, and I only live in a small boat. The poet of the Necklace League is old and sick, taking the boat as his home, far away from relatives and friends, and living abroad. His desolation, grief and resentment are self-evident. "Old disease", Du Fu is 57 years old, and his family lives in a boat and wanders around. At this time, he was weak-his right arm was shriveled, his ears were deaf, and he also suffered from chronic lung disease.
The battle of the north gate began again, and I cried through the railing.
Standing on Yueyang Tower, overlooking the north of Guanshan, it is still a mess and war. Leaning against the window porch, thinking about my motherland, I couldn't help crying. Poets link personal destiny with the future of the country in couplets, which have far-reaching artistic conception and endless aftertaste. "Military horse", military forces, here refers to the war. In the autumn of the third year of Dali (768), Tubo invaded Lingwu and the capital was under martial law; The court ordered Guo Ziyi to lead 50,000 troops to Fengtian to prepare for Tubo.
I have heard of the world-famous Dongting Lake, and today I was lucky enough to climb Yueyang Tower by the lake.
The image of the Great Lakes separates the southeast of Wu Chu, and the image of heaven and earth floats on the lake day and night.
Wandering relatives and friends don't say a word, and the old and weak live in this lonely boat.
The bonfire in the north of Guanshan has not stopped, and I am looking out the window at my home country with tears. ..
Enjoy 1
The first link is intertwined with reality, and the comparison between the past and the present expands the field of time and space. I have heard about the fame of Dongting for a long time, but it was not until my twilight years that I realized my wish to see this famous lake. On the surface, climbing Yueyang Tower for the first time was quite enjoyable. In fact, my original intention was to express my unfulfilled ambition in my early days. In the final analysis, it is to describe the brewing atmosphere of Dongting Lake.
Zhuan Xu is a vast Dongting. Dongting Lake is full of Wu Chu, the sun and the moon are floating, and the waves lift the sky and are boundless. I don't know how many clouds the old man swallowed in his chest! This is a quatrain about Dongting Lake, which was praised by Wang Shizhen as "a hero spanning the present". The scenery is so magnificent that it is dizzying.
The neck couplet is about the feeling that political life is bumpy, wandering around the world and talents are not met. "But no news of relatives or friends reached me" didn't get any help in spirit and material aspects; Since Kuizhou took his wife and children out of the gorge by boat in the first month of the third year of Dali, he roamed Hunan, taking the boat as his home, and the future was boundless, where to settle down. Facing Wang Yang in Dongting Lake, his sense of loneliness and crisis has increased. Self-narration is so lonely that it contains infinite affection in the sudden change and contrast of the extremely stuffy poetic realm.
At the end of the couplet, I wrote the sadness of seeing the country in turmoil and not being able to serve the country. There is a blank between the upper and lower sentences, which is memorable. The "past" beginning with "I have heard of Dongting Lake for a long time" can certainly cover the poet's activities in Chang 'an area for more than ten years. And this, in space, can be compared with "Guanshanbei". You Xuan and Today echoed from beginning to end.
Appreciate II
In the third year of Tang Daizong Dali (768), Du Fu left Kuizhou for the Three Gorges, disembarked at Yueyang Gate at the end of winter and the twelfth lunar month, climbed the building and looked out, touching the scene and writing this poem.
"I've heard a lot about Dongting Lake, and now I'm on this tower." Yesterday's News described my admiration for the lakes and mountains of Dongting Lake in the past, Today's Meeting explained the time, and The Story of Yueyang Tower pointed out the place, and wrote that in my twilight years, I was able to climb Yueyang Tower and enjoy the beautiful scenery of Dongting Lake. Today, the past two sentences are intertextual, and places of interest have long been heard. You can see them now, and you will live quickly.
"There is the Kingdom of Wu in the east and the State of Chu in the south, and we can see the endless floating of heaven and earth." Looking at Dongting Lake with heartfelt joy is really boundless, chopping Wu Chu and swallowing the sun, moon and stars. It is magnificent and colorful.
"But my relatives and friends didn't give me any news. I was old and sick, and I was alone with my boat." As soon as I turned the pen, I came back to reality, thinking that I had been isolated from my relatives and friends for a long time from Chengdu to Hunan, on the upright river, and I never heard from them again. Besides, I am 57 years old, sick and lonely. Here, my loneliness is in sharp contrast with the vastness of Shanglian Lake, showing my pain more and more.
"There are wars and mountains to the north of this wall, and beside this railing, how can I not cry? "The poet's broad mind. The poet shed tears because of his tragic life experience, and more importantly, he looked at the northern border where the war was not peaceful and the country was in danger. This is the real reason for the poet's sadness.
This poem uses the technique of writing sadness with joy. The language is simple and natural, the artistic conception is profound and profound, and the feelings are sincere and tortuous, which makes people feel sad and lonely, and the war is constantly leaving, and the sigh is heartbreaking.
[Edit this paragraph] Expression
First couplet narrative, parallel couplet description, neck couplet and tail couplet lyric