Date of death: 1 June 8641.
Occupation: King of Heaven
Faith: Worship of God.
Main achievements: the establishment of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom; The founder of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom Movement laid the foundation for the demise of the Qing Dynasty.
Masterpiece: Salvation Song of the Original Way
Place of birth: Jiaying County, Guangdong Province
Title: King of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom
Ancestors: Hong Pu, Hong Xiaochang, Hong Hao and Shi Hong.
Son: Tianguifu Hong.
Uprising place: Jintian Village, Guiping, Guangxi
Uprising time:185 1 1 June1/day.
The meaning of Hong Xiuquan's name
"Hong Xiuquan", formerly known as Hong Renkun, took part in the imperial examination, but failed three times in a row. He fell ill at home after failing in the imperial examination for the third time. Stay in bed for 40 days. In order to recover soon, he changed his name to "Hong Xiuquan". The name Hong Xiuquan, when he later established "Worship God", was both a contact code and a political delirium. Its surname "Hong" is composed of "382 1", which is the code name of "worshipping God" and the name of the meeting. Xiuquan's name consists of He, Nai, Ren and Wang. Because the pronunciation of "he" is similar to that of "I", it is pronounced as "I am the king of man", that is to say, Hong Xiuquan is a leader sent by God.
Hong Xiuquan's life
Hong Xiuquan was born in a peasant family. He has been studying in the village book school since he was seven years old and knows the four books and five classics like the back of his hand.
The elders in the village are all optimistic that Hong Xiuquan can achieve fame and fortune, but he failed in the Guangzhou college entrance examination three times. After the third defeat in Guangzhou, he was 25 years old. After the blow, he was seriously ill and was once in a coma. An old man said to him, "God sent him to earth to kill the devil." From then on, Hong Xiuquan was silent and behaved strangely. At this time, Hong Xiuquan was unwilling to fail in the exam. Six years later, in the spring of 1843, he took the Guangzhou Academy exam again, and the result ended in failure.
In the 16th year of Daoguang reign of Qing Dynasty, Hong Xiuquan received Liang Fa's "The Book of Persuasion" when he was studying for the exam in Guangzhou. After careful reading, he was moved by preaching the Christian meaning of God and sprouted the idea of believing in God and pursuing equality for all. Comparing the contents of the book with my hallucinations when I was seriously ill before, I think I was ordered by God to kill demons. In a rage, I threw the book of Confucius and Mencius aside, stopped being a Confucian scholar, converted to Christianity, and simply replaced the Confucius memorial tablet at home with the tablet of God. Although Hong Xiuquan didn't read the Bible, he began to publicize the Christian doctrine he understood, calling it "the worship of God". Claiming to be the second son of God and the younger brother of Jesus.
Hong Xiuquan first preached near Guangzhou, but he didn't achieve great success. Hong Xiuquan persuaded his friend Feng Yunshan to destroy Confucius' memorial tablet, convert to Christianity and spread his teachings to the villagers. Later, he wrote sermons and poems such as "Salvation Song of the Original Way", attacking all kinds of evil phenomena in society and calling for the establishment of a new world of "one family in the world, enjoying peace" according to Christian teachings. Hong Xiuquan used Christian teachings to transform society. From 65438 to 0844, Hong Xiuquan and Feng Yunshan went to Guangxi to preach. Soon after, Hong returned to Guangdong, and Feng stayed and developed, where his followers increased. During the period of 1845- 1846, Hong Xiuquan wrote works such as Awakening the World by the Original Way, Awakening the World by the Original Way and Hometown Bai Zhengge. 1847 At the beginning of the year, Hong Xiuquan studied in a Christian church in Guangzhou for several months and asked to be baptized, but the priest thought that Hong Xiuquan didn't know enough about the teachings and refused. In the twenty-seventh year of Daoguang, he went to visit Feng Yunshan in Guangxi, and with the help of Feng Yunshan, he set up a "God Worship" in Guiping, Guangxi, which absorbed 2000 people including Yang, Xiao Chaogui and Wei Changhui. And gradually worked out the rules and rituals of offering sacrifices to the gods. The contradiction of Hong Xiuquan's worship of God
Jintian uprising 185 1 year 1 month1day, Hong Xiuquan launched jintian uprising to establish the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, claiming to be the King of Heaven. 1853, Nanjing was its capital, called Tianjing. Promulgate the "celestial eye system" and divide troops to explore the west and the north. salty
In the sixth year of Feng, because the East King Yang held real power in military and political affairs, he "forced himself with power", so he issued a secret imperial edict, and the North King Wei Changhui led his army back to Beijing to kill Yang. Wei expanded the situation and killed innocent people. Hong Xiuquan was forced by the people's resentment, so he had to kill Wei, and Shi Dakai, the wing king, was in charge.
In the early days of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, military and political affairs were in the charge of military advisers, and Hong Xiuquan retired behind the scenes and neglected to govern the country. Feng Yunshan and Xiao Chaogui died, and power fell to Xiu Qing in East Wang Yang. After the capital Tianjing was established, Hong Xiuquan advocated banning the Four Books and Five Classics. Yang disagreed, forcing Hong Xiuquan to yield by "heavenly father descending to earth". The latter had to agree that the revised Four Books and Five Classics could be published and circulated. However, it was not until the death of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom that they were published.