Original text of "Luomei":
A piece of it can make a heartbroken, and it can be built evenly to build a wall. Floating like a visitor coming across the ridge, falling like a scholar going to Hunan. There are so many random berry moss on it, and it still smells good even if it sticks to your sleeves for a long time. Dongfeng Miao holds the power of flowers, but avoids being aloof and not asserting it. Translation of Falling Plum Blossoms
Every falling plum blossom makes people feel sad, not to mention the incomplete petals falling like snowflakes, covering the steps and piled on the wall? The falling plum blossoms are like immigrants passing through the mountains in a hurry, and the falling plum blossoms are like poets who have no choice but to go to Hunan. So many flowers that used to be beautiful and noble are now sinking into the soil and berry moss, but the fragrance that occasionally sticks to the sleeves still lingers for a long time. Ah, it is really wrong to let the east wind take the power of life and death over the flowers. It is jealous of the aloofness of the plum blossoms, and destroys them at will, without caring about the fragrance and jade. Appreciation of Falling Plum Blossoms
The first couplet of "A piece of plum blossom can teach a person a broken heart, and it can be built flat to build a new wall." It depicts a desolate and declining scene of falling plum blossoms, which sets the tone of sadness and indignation in the whole poem. Every fallen plum blossom makes the poet feel sad, not to mention the fallen plum blossoms that fall like snowflakes and pile up on the walls. Faced with such a desolate scene, it naturally causes the poet to think about society and life.
The chin couplet further describes the falling plum blossoms: "Floating like a visitor coming across the ridge, falling like a poet going to Hunan." These two sentences are neatly contrasted, using allusions, and have profound meaning. The two lines of poems not only vividly describe the miserable scene of fallen plum blossoms withering and scattering in the wind, but also highly summarize the rough lives of countless "immigrants" and "scholars" in history. The word "Guo Ling" in "Floating like a guest coming to cross the ridge" means crossing the five ridges, referring to the area up to present-day Guangdong, which is a metaphor for the story of Han Yu being demoted to Chaozhou. The "Xiang" in "Falling Like a Scholar Going to Hunan" refers to the Xiangjiang River Basin, the area around present-day Hunan, and is a reference to the story of Qu Yuan who fell out of favor and was expelled, and died by throwing himself into the Miluo River. However, the "immigrants" and "scholars" here refer not only to Qu Yuan and Han Yu, but also to all aspiring people in history who had a bumpy career. The poet wrote in two strokes, not only using the exile of "immigrants" and "sao people" to compare "falling plum blossoms", but also using the noble character of plum blossoms to praise "immigrants" and "sao people".
The neck couplet describes the final outcome of falling plum blossoms: "There are so many scattered berries and moss, but the fragrance still lingers on my sleeves even if they stick to them for a long time." These two sentences are consistent with "The fallen plum blossoms fell into mud" in Lu You's "Bu Suanzi·Yong Mei". Grinding it into dust, only the fragrance remains the same." There are different approaches but the same purpose. Although the fallen plum blossoms are scattered and turned into mud, their fragrance lasts forever. On the surface, the poet is praising the plum blossoms, but in fact, he is praising those "immigrants" and "sao people" who were relegated and exiled but still adhered to their integrity.
The above three couplets focus on describing the scenery, embodying emotions in the scenery. The last couplet starts the discussion on this basis and is the highlight of the whole article. "Dongfeng has the power to control flowers, but he is afraid of being aloof and not claiming it." These two sentences seem to mean that "Dongfeng" uses its power to kill and seize flowers indiscriminately, that is, it does not show mercy to flowers. In fact, the "East Wind" accuses those in power. The poet uses insinuations and clever twists and turns to point the finger at all those in power in history and reality who are jealous of talents and attack talents.
This poem about plum blossoms is different from ordinary poems about things. It has a profound meaning and expresses the poet's strong sadness and indignation. It can be regarded as a condensed "Li Sao". Alas! "If it weren't for the bone-chilling cold, how could the plum blossoms smell so fragrant?" Liu Kezhuang's poems about plum blossoms are unparalleled. No less than this, throughout his life, he wrote a large number of poems on different themes to express his emotions in response to the current situation of the Southern Song Dynasty, when "the national line was as weak as a thread". His patriotic heart was "like a free man" and his noble ambition was "like a Jiaxuan". The body and appearance are like plum blossoms. Background of Falling Plum Blossoms
During the Jiading period of Ning Zong, Liu Kezhuang, who was then the magistrate of Jianyang (Fujian), wrote the poem "Falling Plum Blossoms", which is his best work of chanting objects and expressing feelings. At that time, the small imperial court of the Southern Song Dynasty was located in a corner of the southeast and was already in a state of turmoil, while the upper class figures of the ruling class were living a life of dissipation and extravagance. Witnessing this scene, the poet who was patriotic and concerned about the people was really heartbroken. Although the author was passionate about serving his country, he was not favored by the rulers and was ostracized and persecuted. Therefore, the poet used the image of "falling plum" to express his inner sorrow, anger and dissatisfaction in a tortuous way. Appreciation of Falling Plum Blossoms
This poem was written in the thirteenth year of Jiading (1220), when the author was at home. It was originally an ordinary poem about things, but later it led to a lawsuit. At the end of Ningzong's Jiading period (1224) and the beginning of Lizong's Baoyuan period (1225), Shi Miyuan, the powerful prime minister, was specialized in government affairs. He deposed the crown prince established by Ningzong of Song Dynasty as King Ji, replaced him with Lizong of Song Dynasty, and forced King Ji to commit suicide. Shi Miyuan's bad behavior was fiercely opposed by the righteous people in the court at that time. People such as Zhen Dexiu, Deng Ruoshui, Hong Zikui and others wrote letters one after another to vindicate the injustice of King Ji and rebuked Shi Miyuan for taking power and abolishing the establishment. They were all demoted one by one. Chase. Amid opposition from both the government and the public, Shi Miyuan and his minions searched for evidence everywhere and racked up accusations to exclude dissidents. At that time, Chen Qi's poem "Prince's Mansion with Wutong in Autumn Rain, Xianggong Bridge with Willows in Spring Breeze" by Chen Qi and "Spring" by Zeng Ji, "There are few sunny scenes in ninety days, but many chaos in a thousand years" were dug up as evidence of slandering current affairs. , and the last two sentences of Liu Kezhuang's poem "Falling Plum Blossoms". For this reason, Chen Qi was sent into exile, and Zeng Ji was demoted to death in Chongling. It happened that this year Chen Qi edited and published a large-scale poetry series "Jianghu Collection" for Jianghu poets. Because of this, it was destroyed and the printed books were banned. Those in power also followed the practice of the late Northern Song Dynasty and banned scholar-bureaucrats from writing poems. This is the famous "Poetry Disaster" in the history of literature.
At the time of the incident, Liu Kezhuang was serving as the magistrate of Jianyang County. Fortunately, Zheng Qingzhi (who had a close relationship with Shi Miyuan) exonerated him on his behalf and was exempted from imprisonment. But he did not get rid of his involvement. In the second year of Shaoding (1229), Xie Jianyang was appointed to Chaozhou as a general judge. He was impeached as soon as he took office. The reason was revenge for the past. One of Liu Kezhuang's "Visiting the Nine Jue Plum Blossoms after Illness" said: "Fortunately, I don't know peaches and willows, but I have been tired of plum blossoms for ten years." As for the psychological impact, it is far more than ten years. Liu Kezhuang said in "Yang Buzhi's Ink on Plum Blossoms" " said: "When I was young, I wrote the poem "Falling Plum Blossoms", which was annotated by Li Ding and Shu Yu (case: the person who created the "Wutai Poetry Case" to frame Su Shi), and I was often trapped in sin. Later, I was afraid when I saw plum blossoms, and when I saw paintings Plum blossoms are also afraid." His poem "Congratulations to the Bridegroom·Song'an's Visit to Plum Blossoms" also says: "I have never done anything wrong in my life, and I have been guilty of being romantic because of plum blossoms." It was precisely because of the poem "Falling Plum Blossoms" that he formed a close relationship with plum blossoms. In order to solve the problem, he wrote 123 poems about plum blossoms in his life, including eight poems about plum blossoms. He can be said to be the poet who wrote the most plum blossoms among Chinese literati.
There is not a single word "plum" in "Falling Plum" in the whole novel, but it not only depicts the character and suffering of plum blossoms, but also reveals the poet's thoughts and emotions through his sad and lingering sighs about falling plum blossoms. At the same time, it also highly summarizes the misfortune of countless "immigrants" and "scholars" who have been displaced throughout history, and also expresses the depressed and unjust voices of the majority of scribes at that time. But as a result, Liu Kezhuang got into big trouble. Among them, the two sentences "Dongfeng is in charge of power, but avoid being aloof and not asserting it" were accused by Li Zhixiao, the admonishment officer (admonishment officer), and others as "slandering the country". They persisted and submitted memorials step by step. As a result, Liu Kezhuang was convicted and dismissed from his post, and he was left in the countryside for 10 years... This is the famous "Falling Plum Poetry Case" in history.
Woohoo! "If it weren't for the bone-chilling cold, how could the plum blossoms smell so fragrant?" Liu Kezhuang's poems about plum blossoms are unparalleled. No less than this, throughout his life, he wrote a large number of poems on different themes to express his emotions in response to the current situation of the Southern Song Dynasty, when "the national line was as weak as a thread". His patriotic heart was "like a free man" and his noble ambition was "like a Jiaxuan". The body and appearance are like plum blossoms. If any playwright puts his deeds on the stage, there is no need to joke about it, as long as he tells the truth, it will definitely be a heart-stirring good play. The title of the play could be called "The Case of the Falling Plum Poems".
"Those who have retreated from Confucianism will sit down in a well and look at the sky to make mistakes (Lao Dan, an ancient philosopher)." Liu Kezhuang hated the admonishment officials who sold their talents for glory and pursued salary. He regarded them as sitting ducks and preferred to be "houchun laymen" and never gave in. On the contrary, he began to take pictures of plum blossoms in large capitals and could not stop them. He wrote more than 130 poems about plum blossoms. "I dreamed of moving to the left because of the number of peaches, and Changyuan was in power for Liu Wei. Fortunately, I didn't know peaches and willows, but I was misled by plum blossoms for ten years." Poems about plum blossoms such as "Song An's Visit to Plum Blossoms" ("Congratulations to the Bridegroom and Song An's Visit to Plum Blossoms") all reveal his strong resentment. Liu Kezhuang had no complaints or regrets. Although his life was quite difficult in the next ten years, he had a "romantic" good attitude. Through hard work and integrity, he gradually changed his destiny and lived to the age of 82.
Poetry: Falling Plum Poetry Author: Liu Kezhuang, Song Dynasty Poetry Category: Three Hundred Ancient Poems, Ode to Things, Plum Blossoms, Character, Expression of Feelings