China, known as "the novels of Tang poetry, Song poetry, Yuan Qu and Ming and Qing Dynasties", summed up the spiritual wealth that Huaxia Shenzhou contributed to human society in the form of cultural chain. "Tang Poetry, Song Poetry, Yuan Qu, Ming and Qing Novels" are four bright pearls in China's ancient literary treasure house, and they are also precious wealth in the world art forest. China literature, from the Book of Songs, Chu Ci, pre-Qin prose and Han Fu to Tang poetry, Song Ci, Yuan Qu and even novels in Ming and Qing Dynasties, constitutes the cultural history of China for thousands of years. And "Tang Poetry, Song Poetry, Yuan Qu, Ming and Qing Novels" played the strongest sound of art in Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. And beyond their own meaning, they have become artistic symbols of their respective times.
Infinite vitality and diverse life rhythms in Tang poetry: light, sharp and new artistic conception aesthetics and lingering life emotions in Song poetry; vast cosmic images and charming prodigal feelings in Yuan poetry; The colorful world scenes in the literature and art of Ming and Qing Dynasties constitute a beautiful melody in the cultural history of China.
Tang poetry is a cultural treasure handed down by China and the most brilliant achievement of Tang Wenhua. The prosperity of Tang poetry creation, numerous schools, rich and diverse styles and themes, and the perfection of various poetry genres all indicate that the development of China's classical poetry has reached a fully mature stage. There are more than 48,900 poems handed down to later generations. The prosperity of poetry in the Tang Dynasty has created many great poets, some of whom have been branded by later generations, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Wang Wei and Li He, a legendary poet. The peak of Tang poetry is Li Bai, who, with his genius imagination, combined the elegance of Zhuangzi and the magnificence of Qu Yuan, played the strongest sound of the art of Tang poetry, known as the voice of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and reached the peak of ancient romantic literature in China. Tang poetry is still very popular among the people. Today, it is still popular in China to recite 300 Tang poems, even if you can't write poems. China people's love for Tang poetry can be seen from the mantra.
In the Song Dynasty, with the development of commerce, the prosperity of cities and the increase of citizens, the words that can be sung were more suitable for the needs of ordinary life and were welcomed by the citizens. As a result, Ci became the mainstream form and symbol of Song Dynasty literature, and there are more than 20,000 Song Ci poems that have been circulated so far. Song Ci is a brilliant diamond in the crown of China ancient literature. In the ancient literature of Yuen Long, it is a fragrant and gorgeous garden. With colorful and changeable spirit, she competes with Tang poetry and Yuanqu, which has always been said to be the best with Tang poetry and represents the victory of a generation of literature. Until today, she is still edifying people's sentiments and bringing us high artistic enjoyment. Graceful and unconstrained are two artistic styles of Song Ci, which can also be said to be the perfect aesthetic theory of Song Ci. "Wan" means soft and beautiful. "About" means refined, vague and subtle. The name "graceful and restrained" can quite summarize the characteristics of a large class of words. The main representatives are Liu Yong and Li Qingzhao. "Bold and unconstrained" is another artistic style of Song Ci, represented by Su Shi and Xin Qiji, which advocates bold, free and easy and eclectic aesthetic concepts.
Yuanqu is another literary prosperity after Tang poetry and Song poetry, and it has its unique charm: on the one hand, Yuanqu inherits the beauty and gracefulness of poetry; On the one hand, in the Yuan Dynasty, the soldiers and soldiers were placed in the position of "eight prostitutes, nine men and ten beggars", and the political monopoly and social darkness made Song Yuan radiate extremely dazzling fighting brilliance and reveal rebellious feelings; Sharp-edged pointed at the drawbacks of society, denounced the society that "not reading is the highest, illiteracy is the best, and people who are not sensible are bragging", and pointed at the world trend that "everyone is embarrassed to live, and no one can see the money". The Yuan Dynasty was the golden age for the development of China's ancient drama, with many famous artists and masterpieces. Guan Hanqing is one of them. Together with Bai Pu, Ma Zhiyuan and Zheng Guangzu, they are also called "the four masters of Yuanqu". Guan Hanqing is the first of the "Four Masters of Yuan Opera", and his masterpieces include Dou Eyuan and Moon Pavilion.
The main achievements of Ming and Qing literature are mainly manifested in novels, which show a trend of secularization and popularization in content. The Ming and Qing Dynasties were the golden age of China's classical novels, and a large number of popular literary works appeared. Representative works include Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Water Margin, The Journey to the West's Dream of Red Mansions and Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio. Romance of the Three Kingdoms, a novel in Ming and Qing Dynasties, is China's most successful historical novel. Its central content is to interpret various contradictions and struggles between Wei, Shu and Wu, and tell a tortuous story. The Romance of the Three Kingdoms describes a number of characters with distinctive personalities in popular, concise and vivid language, such as Zhang Fei's heroism, Guan Yu's arrogance, Cao Cao's deceit and Kong Ming's cleverness. The main content of Water Margin is the story of 108 heroes, mainly Song Jiang, jy, Lin Chong, Lu, Wu Yong, who were persecuted by corrupt officials, local tyrants and evil gentry from all over the country and gathered in Shui Bo, Liangshan to fight the Song Dynasty. The Water Margin is a milestone in China's vernacular literature. The novel creation in the mid-Ming Dynasty, represented by Wu Cheng'en's Journey to the West, is a novel full of fantasy and bizarre plot, describing the process of the Monkey King, Zhu Bajie, Tang Priest and others learning from the West. In Qing Dynasty, Cao Xueqin's Dream of Red Mansions reached the peak of China's classical novels with its artistic perfection. A Dream of Red Mansions focuses on the emotional and marital entanglements of Jia Baoyu, Lin Daiyu and Xue Baochai. It depicts the tragic fate of many figures and a group of women in the red chamber with Jia Baoyu as the center, and reflects the historical fate of young men and women with certain awakening consciousness under the bondage of feudal system and feudal family. A Dream of Red Mansions is a masterpiece of genius and meticulous care. In art, it has made unprecedented achievements in China's novels.