"It was a spring in 1979, and an old man drew a circle on the South China Sea in China. The myth of the city rises and the miracle of Jinshan gathers. "
A well-known song, whenever this lyric rings in my ear, I always feel unusually kind and inexplicably excited.
Speaking of kindness, it is probably because the year in the lyrics has special significance for me, because I was born that year. I'm excited because 1979, our great motherland has entered a brand-new journey of opening to the outside world and started that brilliant road of reform!
After 30 years of reform and opening up, I have grown from a babbling baby to a people's teacher in a blink of an eye. In the past 30 years, I have grown up with the pace of reform and opening up; For 30 years, I have followed the pace of reform and opening up.
Count the course of these 30 years:
China's economy has risen rapidly and developed vigorously: high-rise buildings have sprung up and people's living standards have been continuously improved. From 1978 to 2006, China's economic aggregate grew rapidly, with GDP increasing from 364.5 billion yuan to 2 187 1 billion yuan, an increase of nearly 60 times! Macroscopically speaking, this is the vicissitudes of the great motherland.
Count the course of these 30 years:
When I was a child, I listened to my mother's past stories and reviewed my growth process. Now I am fortunate to be a people's teacher, and then look at the growing environment of children. From a microscopic point of view, isn't this a great change in the growth of each of us?
Contrast in Change: Our Date of Birth
I heard from my mother that when they were young, everything was rationed and everything had to be bought by "tickets": cooking oil, eggs, poultry, cloth and even matches and soap. In that era when tickets were flying all over the sky, it was also an era of lack of materials. Mom said that at that time, only during the Spring Festival could people buy a chicken with a ticket and have fun.
In the late 1970s, I was born. The year when I was born was the era when the market was gradually opening up. All kinds of goods on the market began to open gradually, and "cheap" goods appeared. Mom said that at that time, I didn't have to look at the face of the ticket when I ate eggs.
Let's take a look at the birth of our children now: maternity ward, mother salon, diapers and milk powder alone, there are more than a thousand kinds. There are also advertisements for baby products all over the street and all over the screen. It's really everything!
Contrast in Change: Our Childhood
Mom and dad spent their childhood in alleys and villages, playing marbles, cigarettes and hopscotch ... The so-called toys in their hands are all made from local materials, shells, sticks, chalk and a doll, which are very luxurious toys.
It was different when I was a child. Although it was the early days of reform and opening up in the 1980s, toys in shops began to be enriched. At that time, all the dolls were replaced by dolls with yellow hair and blue eyes. I still remember that I have a set of auscultation toys that simulate doctors, and now I still keep them intact.
Today, 30 years after the reform and opening up, there are thousands of Barbie dolls alone, and various video games and intellectual toys are emerging one after another. Children are toy masters and electronic power stations. Their childhood is a high-tech era synchronized with the world.
Contrast in Change: Our Learning Journey
When they entered school age, their mothers met people who jumped the queue to settle in the countryside, and their excellent school time was replaced by their unskilled farm work.
In the era of our only child, we are a lucky generation after the reform and opening up. The college entrance examination is no longer a single-plank bridge, and the diversified road to study has opened a sunshine avenue for us.
Today in 2008, 30 years after the reform and opening up, from kindergartens, primary schools, middle schools, colleges and universities, and studying abroad, we are simply picky about the choice of multi-level and multi-faceted schools.
Contrast in Change: Our Working Years
Work, mom and dad's work at that time was assigned by the state, so they had to go wherever they were assigned, and they didn't like it or were good at it.
At the beginning of the new century, when we graduated from university, it was already a vigorous period of reform and opening up, and we began to choose our own jobs completely, and we could choose a career that suited us according to our own interests and specialties.
Today in 2008, it is not only the choice of jobs that requires competition, but also the introduction of competitive appointment system for both staff and leaders, that is, to leave the most suitable person in the most suitable position, that is, to give full play to everyone's advantages and strengths.
This is the way of life of our younger generation, and it is also accompanied by the great growth of the spring breeze of reform and opening up.
In a word, the 30 years of reform and opening-up are the vicissitudes of our motherland and the growth of each of us. It is a fact that everyone can see that we are rising. After 30 years' history, the Chinese nation has re-established itself among the nations of the world with a brand-new attitude. Thirty years of glory have cast a nation's dream for nearly a hundred years! We firmly believe that there will be another glorious 30 years on the journey of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation! The rise of the Chinese nation will surely make the world proud of us!
In the past 30 years, in China, the average annual growth rate of per capita income was only 0.5% in countries with weak government capacity and poor policies, while the average annual growth rate of per capita income in countries with good institutional capacity and good policies reached about 3%. This shows that government capacity plays a key role in a country's progress and development. At present, China has entered a new development stage of building a well-off society in an all-round way and accelerating socialist modernization. It is no exaggeration to say that having an effective and excellent government will play a decisive role in the completion of the third-step strategic goal. So, does China have an effective and excellent government at present? Or what is the ability level of our government at present?
China government's ability refers to the modern national government's efforts to mobilize, utilize, combine, explore and cultivate resources as much as possible by formulating and implementing high-quality, positive and effective public policies within the established national constitutional system, to provide a wide range of good public products and services for the society and the public, to reasonably formulate formal rules that the society generally abides by, and to actively guide wider informal social rules to maintain it. Form a system and its mechanism to effectively regulate social relations and social behaviors, and then promote the rapid, balanced, sustained and healthy development of the country in a comparative sense. Effectiveness is the core concept of government capacity.
From the nature of functions, government capabilities can be divided into the following capabilities: economic management capabilities, political and social management capabilities, and administrative organization management capabilities. This paper mainly evaluates the economic and social management ability of contemporary China government from the changes of China's national strength since the reform and opening up.
First of all, look at the ability of China government from the change of national economic strength.
Since the reform and opening up, China's socialist construction, especially economic construction, has made remarkable achievements. In this process, the government played a very important role. In fact, China, like other post-developed countries, takes a "government-led" development path. The explosive sustained economic growth of more than 20 years proves that our government is a strong and capable government. Can be analyzed from the following aspects:
First of all, China's gross domestic product continues to grow. China's GDP 1978 was 3624 1 100 million yuan, 1997 was 74,462.6 billion yuan, in 2006 it was 95,933.3 billion yuan, in 2002 it was/kloc-0,023.98 billion yuan and in 2003 it was 654,398 yuan. At comparable prices, China's gross national product has increased nearly eight times in the past 20 years. During the 20 years from 1978 to 2003, the average annual growth rate of China's GDP was about 10%, while the average annual growth rates of other major countries were 2.7% in the United States, 2.6% in Canada, 3.3% in Japan, 5.2% in India, 2.0% in France and 2.2% in Britain. By comparison, we can see that the growth rate of China's GDP is much higher than that of developed countries in the world.
Second, the growth rate of GDP per capita is much higher than that of other countries. In China, 1980 was 379 yuan, 1990 was 1634 yuan, in 2006 it was 7543 yuan, and in 2002 it was 7954 yuan, an increase of more than 20 times. From 1992 to 2003, the average annual growth rate was about 9.5%, while other countries in the same period were: USA 2.3, Japan 0.8%, Germany 1.0%, France 1.4% and India 4.6%. The economic structure was obviously optimized. From 1978- 1997, the average annual growth rate of the three industries is 5%, 12% and 10.6% respectively, and the proportion of GDP has also changed from 28. 1: 48.2: 23.7 to/kloc. Although the proportion of our economic structure is far lower than that of developed countries, the growth rate of the three industries is obviously higher than that of them. Moreover, the growth rate of agriculture in China is much slower than that of GDP, while the growth rate of industry and service industry is higher than that of GDP, which shows that China has entered a period of industrial expansion. First, achievements have been made in foreign trade. Since the reform and opening up, China's total import and export volume has been increasing, from $20.64 billion in 1978 to $509.76 billion in1year and $620.8 billion in 2002, with an average annual growth rate of about 13.5%, which is not only higher than the growth rate of China's GDP in the same period, but also higher than the average growth rate of world trade by nearly 8%. The balance of import and export increased from-1.978 (deficit) to-1.986-1.990, and then began to rise,1.990 turned into a surplus. China's international reserves were-129.6 million USD in 1980,1093 million USD in 1998 and 144960 million USD in 2006.
Second, the utilization of foreign capital has increased substantially. 1985, the actually utilized foreign capital in China was US$ 4.46 billion, reaching US$ 49.67 billion in 2006 and US$ 55 10/000 million in 2002, an increase of over10 times. China has become one of the countries attracting the most foreign investment. Nearly 400 of the world's top 500 multinational companies have invested in China. The events of September 1 1 and Enron in the United States prompted most international capital to leave the United States, and China is likely to become the next center of world capital gathering. The introduction of these foreign capitals not only makes China obtain relatively scarce capital, but more importantly, a large amount of foreign direct investment brings advanced technology, enterprise competition mechanism and management experience under the conditions of modern market economy, which also means a broad international market.
Third, it resisted the Asian financial crisis. The financial turmoil in Southeast Asia, which started at 1997, was fierce and knocked down the "dragon" and "tiger" in Asia in a few rounds. It shook Asia, implicated Russia, and even affected Brazil and the United States across the ocean. China, which is closest to the storm center, is inevitably hit. China's foreign trade has been under great pressure, and the situation of utilizing foreign capital is not optimistic. The market is weak, consumption is sluggish, and deflation is becoming more and more obvious. There are external financial crisis and internal deflation. In order to save the crisis, the government shouted the slogan of "actively expanding domestic demand" and introduced a series of policies and measures to stimulate economic development: the renminbi will not depreciate, a proactive fiscal policy, a prudent and flexible monetary policy, raising the export tax rebate rate, and managing finances according to law. China's economy successfully overcame the impact of the Asian financial crisis, and its national economy continued to develop rapidly. China's "superb macroeconomic management" enabled China to successfully resist the impact of the Asian financial crisis.
Fourth, successfully join the WTO. Joining the WTO is both an opportunity and a challenge for China. This means that China's economy has been integrated into the world economic system, and China will participate in international competition on an equal footing in a more stable and harmonious international environment, so as to realize the rational allocation of resources. Because China has few per capita resources and abundant human resources, it is very beneficial to China's economy and the world economy to increase its dependence on foreign countries on the basis of seeking common interests, whether it is strategic interests or current interests. In addition, the same rules of WTO will also play a very important role in stabilizing China's multilateral foreign trade relations and reducing trade frictions between China and its major trading partners.
In today's economic globalization, the interdependence of countries in the world has deepened unprecedentedly, and the competition among countries has reached an incandescent level. Under such circumstances, although the degree of China's economic internationalization is still relatively low and there are still many problems, we have been able to wield this double-edged sword, achieve advantages and avoid disadvantages, make use of various resource conditions in the international market, avoid the adverse impact of the world economy on China's economy, and successfully realize the rapid and sustained growth of China's economy. Does this once again prove the effectiveness of our contemporary government?
Feel the 30 years of reform and opening up
Time flies like a wheel. In a blink of an eye, our motherland and hometown have gone through 30 years of reform and opening up.
Time flies like a wheel. In a blink of an eye, our motherland and hometown have gone through 30 years of reform and opening up. 1978 grandpa Deng plans to develop the economy in the southeast coastal areas, the country's reform and opening up, the establishment of special economic zones, and the rapid economic development in China. This is an extraordinary 30 years. The motherland rises, the economy takes off, and the people live a well-off life. As a small town on the southeast coast, earth-shaking changes have taken place in my hometown. High-rise buildings have sprung up, the roads are full of cars, and various living facilities have been improved. My hometown has developed for 30 years, and the progress is reflected in all aspects, although I only spent 14 spring, summer, autumn and winter.
Recalling my childhood, I deeply realized the change of "home". From grade one to grade three, my parents and I lived in a small house with only 60 square meters of two rooms and one living room. Although three people can live, a small house can always make this home full of warmth and laughter, but it is always inconvenient. My room is a double hat. During the day, it is my father's study, and the bed is often filled with his heavy medical care. At that time, the monthly salary of mom and dad only added up to more than 4 thousand yuan. Although life is not tight, they can still save money to buy a house. Coupled with the lack of new properties in Xinhui, the plan to buy a house was postponed until 2003.
With the development of economy, the changes of Xinhui are changing with each passing day, and pieces of high-grade real estate and excellent residential areas have sprung up like mushrooms after rain. Mom and dad are also planning to buy a house. Soon, we took a fancy to a house of 140 square meters. Although it is a loan to build a house, we finally have a spacious home, so let alone how happy we are!
The change of "home" has given me infinite joy, while other improvements in food, clothing, housing and transportation have made me feel the beautiful life brought about by reform, opening up and economic development. With the widening of the road, in 2005, another big thing was added to the family-the car, and riding a motorcycle no longer had to suffer from bumps and cold winds. Every weekend, my father drives his family to a restaurant. There are many kinds of restaurants on the roadside, and the restaurants are crowded with people. With the establishment of large high-end shopping malls, we no longer have to "move goods" in Jiangmen, and my mother will also start to choose all kinds of high-end and expensive clothes. Doesn't all this reflect the continuous improvement of citizens' consumption level and the continuous development of economic level?
After 30 years of reform and opening up, our living standard has made a qualitative leap, and our hometown Xinhui has also changed from a poor and backward small county to a prosperous town. The improvement of material life makes us live more comfortably, but we should not forget the virtue of thrift and the important task of protecting the environment. I believe that with the joint efforts of everyone, our motherland and hometown will fly faster and higher in another 30 years!