Poetry information
Name: Year of Parting: Tang Author: Wang Changling Style: Metric of Modern Poetry: Seven-character quatrains
Original poem
Out of the Great Wall (Tang Dynasty) in Wang Changling, when the Qin Dynasty passed, the Long March people did not return. If Wei Qing, who attacked Longcheng, and Li Guang, the flying general, were alive today, the Huns would not be allowed to go south to spend their horses in Yinshan.
Annotation translation
Note 1. Frontier fortress is a common theme for poets in Tang Dynasty to write poems about frontier fortress life. 2. Bright Moon in Qin Dynasty and Customs in Han Dynasty: Bright Moon and Customs in Qin and Han Dynasties. This means that the war has never stopped on the long border. 3. but manufacturing: as long as. 4. Dragon City Flying General: In 2003, the notes of "Dragon City Flying General" were revised in junior middle school Chinese textbooks: "Dragon City" refers to the famous Wei Qing who raided the Xiongnu holy land Dragon City, and "Flying General" refers to the famous Li Guang of Han Dynasty. "Flying generals in Dragon City" does not refer to a single person, but actually refers to Li Guang and many famous anti-Hungarians in the Han Dynasty. 5. Huma: refers to the enemy's war horse. Hu, the ancient name of the ethnic minorities in northwest China. 6. Yinshan: The name of the mountain refers to the yinshan mountains. In today's Inner Mongolia, Huns often invaded the Central Plains from here during the Han Dynasty. 7. Don't teach: don't call, don't let. 8. Degree: Beyond translation 1: It was still the bright moon and border pass in Qin and Han Dynasties, and the battle lasted for a long time. Wan Li's husband hasn't come back yet. If Wei Qing, who attacked Liuzhou, and Li Guang, the flying general, were still alive, they would never let the Huns go south to herd horses and spend the Yinshan Mountain. 2. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, Yue Ming has left home for an expedition to Wan Li, and the soldiers have not returned yet. If Wei Qing, who attacked Liuzhou, and Li Guang, the flying general, were still there, the army of the Hu people would not be allowed to cross the Yinshan Mountain. 3. It is still the bright moon in Qin Dynasty and the border pass in Han Dynasty. So far, how many soldiers Wan Li went to war and never returned. If a brave general is still alive, he will never let the Huns' military forces cross the Yinshan Mountain. It's usually the Tang Dynasty. This is a famous frontier fortress poem, which shows that the poet hopes to be a good general, quell the frontier fortress war as soon as possible and let the people live a stable life. The poet begins with a description of the scenery, and the first sentence outlines a desolate scene of Leng Yue looking at the border. "The Moon of Qin Dynasty was broken in Han Dynasty" cannot be understood as the Moon of Qin Dynasty was broken in Han Dynasty. Here, Qin, Han, Guan and Yue are used alternately, which is called intertextuality in rhetoric, meaning bright moon in Qin and Han dynasties and Guan in Qin and Han dynasties. The poet hinted that the war here has never stopped since Qin and Han dynasties, highlighting the long time. The second sentence "The Long March has not returned" and "Wan Li" mean that the frontier fortress and the mainland are far from Wan Li. Although it is empty, it highlights the vastness of space. The Return of Man reminds people of the disaster brought by the war and expresses the poet's grief and indignation. How can we get rid of people's difficulties? The poet pinned his hopes on a brilliant general. "But make Longcheng fly, and don't teach Huma to cross the Yinshan Mountain." If Wei Qing, who attacked Liuzhou, and Li Guang, the flying general, were still alive, they would never let the Hu people cavalry cross the Yinshan Mountain. "Dragon City" refers to Wei Qing, a famous soldier who surprised the Xiongnu holy land, and "Flying General" refers to Li Guang, a famous flying general. "Flying Generals in Dragon City" is not just a person, but actually refers to Li Jue, who is also a famous anti-Hungarian body double in Han Dynasty. "Don't teach" is not allowed, and the word "teach" is pronounced flat; "Huma" here refers to the cavalry invaded by foreign countries. "crossing Yinshan", crossing Yinshan. Yinshan Mountain is a big mountain range in the east-west direction in the north, and it is the natural barrier of the northern border defense in Han Dynasty. The last two sentences are written implicitly and skillfully, which makes people draw the necessary conclusions by comparing the past. This poem focuses on showing contempt for the enemy; It is loyalty to the country, and it is a brave and fearless spirit. The first two sentences about the bright moon and the majestic Chengguan not only arouse people's memories of countless wars of aggression in history, but also witness the history of soldiers galloping in Wan Li and fighting bloody battles today. In the last two sentences, Li Guang, a famous soldier in the Han Dynasty, was used as a metaphor for the heroic soldiers who went out to defend the border in the Tang Dynasty, praising their determination and fighting spirit of bravely killing the enemy and dying for the country. From ancient times to the present, this poem has a deep sense of history, a vast scene and a great sense of space. Between the lines, full of strong patriotism and heroism. This poem is called the masterpiece of the Tang Dynasty. Tragic but not sad, generous but not shallow, Wang's poem "Out of the Fortress" is two, and this poem is the first. Wang Changling should have visited the Western Regions in his early years, which is an old topic in Yuefu. Wang Changling lived in the heyday of the Tang Dynasty. During this period, the Tang Dynasty won many foreign wars, and the confidence of the whole nation was extremely strong. Therefore, the works of frontier fortress poets can reflect an impassioned upward spirit and strong confidence in defeating the enemy. At the same time, frequent border wars also make people feel overwhelmed and long for peace, and "Out of the fortress" reflects people's desire for peace. At the same time, Du Fu's Military Vehicle Shop can be used as a reference. Frontier poems are the product of the times, and also the works that can best reflect the rise and fall of national luck. Poetry critics often praise "the voice of the prosperous Tang Dynasty", and frontier poems are a basic aspect of the content of "the voice of the prosperous Tang Dynasty". The rise of frontier poems is closely related to the expansion of the poet's life scope. From frontier fortress poems, we can see that the poet's vision is broadened, the artistic conception of poetry is expanded, and the content of poetry is more colorful. Have the desire to make contributions: "Better be a centurion than a scholar" (Yang Jiong); There is a passion for serving the country: "I swear to be famous for serving the country, and I am ashamed to say it" (Zhang said). Many poets have lived in military camps outside the Great Wall for many years, such as Gao Shi, Cen Can and Li Yi. The content of their frontier poems involves almost every aspect of frontier life: it is about the homesickness of soldiers going to war and the hatred of their wives at home; It shows the hardships of life beyond the Great Wall and the cruelty of years of fighting. It reflects the emperor's dissatisfaction with the opening of the border and resentment against the general's greed; There is a saying that people who have lived in the frontier for a long time miss their relatives in their hometown; There are amazing scenery different from the Central Plains here ... When we read these poems, we should be able to distinguish the subtle differences in the ideological content of each poem. Taking Cen Can's frontier poems as an example, it is characterized by the heroic spirit of being generous to serve the country and the optimistic spirit of not being afraid of hardship, which describes the richness and variety of frontier life more. He also wrote some frontier homesick poems, such as "On Meeting the Messenger of the Capital", which was read by later generations: "My hometown has a long way to go east, but I don't want to cry. I will meet you immediately, without paper and pen, and I will bring your news to report peace. " Although things are small, they are affectionate. At the same time, we should also recognize the contradictions in frontier fortress poems: the contradiction between generous obedience and long-term homesickness; The contradiction between patriotic passion and hard life; Hate the contradiction between mediocrity and professionalism and so on. This poem recalls the history, remembers the famous anti-Hungarian soldiers in the Han Dynasty, and accuses the frontier generals of the poet's era of incompetence, hoping that a good general will emerge, expel the enemy and defend the frontier. The first sentence was written by moonlight and Guansai in Qin and Han Dynasties. Moonlight and Guansai are still famous, but times have changed and dynasties have changed. The long-term border war has brought infinite disaster and pain to the people and soldiers. When describing the scenery, he gives people a deep feeling. The last two sentences satirize the present with ancient names and the incompetence of today's border generals, with implicit meanings and deep feelings. This poem is full of patriotic enthusiasm for national security. The evaluation of the whole poem reflects the author's sympathy for the soldiers who have not returned for a long time, and also expresses the poet's patriotic feelings that he hopes the court will be a good general, quell the border war as soon as possible, and make the country get peace and the people live a stable life. Express the poet's sympathy for the soldiers guarding the border and his yearning for a stable and peaceful life. This is a frontier fortress poem lamenting that the country has no elite soldiers. The first sentence of this poem is the most intriguing. It's about the Han Pass, Mingyue Qin here. Great historical changes have taken place, and the fighting has not stopped. Write two sentences about how many men died in battle and how many tragedies were left behind. Three or four sentences have written the people's wishes for thousands of years, hoping to have a "flying dragon" to calm the chaos and stabilize the border defense. The whole poem sings a profound and open-minded theme in plain language, with smooth momentum and one go, which is amazing to sing. Li Panlong of Amin Dynasty once praised it as a masterpiece of Tang Dynasty, which is not too much.