From Wang Bo in the early Tang Dynasty to Du Mu in the late Tang Dynasty, more than 20 poets were carefully selected to explain, "knowing people by poetry and commenting on people by poetry", leading readers to appreciate the charm of Tang poetry.
Although the target audience is middle school students, adults are also very practical to read, and the language is easy to understand, clear and smooth, which not only enjoys the aesthetic feeling, but also gains a lot of knowledge from reading Tang poetry.
What is Tang poetry? What are its characteristics? How to judge the quality of a poem?
We are familiar with Tang poetry every day, but if we really want to answer these questions, it seems that our minds are blank, but we don't know why, and the most basic knowledge is often the most easily overlooked.
First question, what is Tang poetry?
Tang poetry, that is, the poems and songs of the Tang Dynasty, is a concept defined by time. Poems written by poets in Tang Dynasty.
The second question, what are its characteristics? A remarkable feature of Tang poetry is that it is a mature and prosperous period of metrical poetry.
There are many kinds of Tang poems, including ancient poems and modern poems. There are five-character poems, seven-character poems and miscellaneous poems, and different kinds have different characteristics.
Ancient poems were formed and matured before the Tang Dynasty, such as The Book of Songs and Yuefu poems. Modern poetry is the general name of the regular poems and quatrains in the Tang Dynasty, such as Eight Poems in Autumn and Two Poems on Dike.
Metric poetry only matured in the Tang Dynasty, and the previous generation of poets were spontaneous, and there was no unified and standardized understanding of poetry. Metric poetry, on the other hand, is conscious and has clear norms and standards.
Metrics, in popular terms, are words, duality, flatness and rhyme.
Words and rhymes are divided into five laws and seven laws.
Five laws, five words and one sentence, eight sentences and one song, ***40 words. Seven methods, seven words and one sentence, eight sentences and one song, * * * 56 words.
In antithesis, the rhyming two sentences are a couplet, which is divided into first couplet, parallel couplet, neck couplet and tail couplet.
The upper and lower sentences of every metrical poem are antithetical sentences, and the first couplet and the last couplet can be right or wrong.
Ping is the tone of the word.
Chinese has four tones, namely, flat tone, up tone, down tone and up tone, in which the flat tone is flat and the three tones are up tone, down tone and up tone.
There are four forms of sentence patterns and levels in rhyming: the first sentence does not rhyme, the first sentence rhymes, the first sentence does not rhyme and the first sentence rhymes.
Rhyme, metrical poems are usually flat and even, so they must rhyme according to the words in the rhyme book.
The whole song rhymes, that is, it rhymes at the end, and no rhyme is allowed in the middle. The second, fourth, sixth and eighth sentences rhyme, and the first sentence can be taken or not.
The five laws take the first sentence as a positive example and rhyme as an example; The seven laws take the rhyme of the first sentence as a positive example, and the non-rhyme as a variant.
Last question, how to judge a poem?
First of all, we should know the genre of poetry, ancient poetry or modern poetry.
Modern poetry, then, depends on whether it meets the requirements of meter and what features it has in meter.
This is the most basic definition.
In aesthetics, Mr. Ye Jiaying put forward that "the quality of poetry lies in whether it can make people move: first, whether it has vivid images that people can directly feel, and second, whether it has narrative tone and sentence structure."
More vividly, it is a metaphor for whether there is a "life that is felt", which moves and sprouts, and is moved and sprouts, like the input and output of energy.
How much energy a poem conveys and how many people it can touch is the embodiment of its charm and quality.
Think big and start small, so there is a wealth of knowledge in it.