1. "Spring Hope" by Du Fu
The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city has deep spring vegetation. The flowers shed tears when I feel grateful, and the birds are frightened by the hatred.
The war rages on for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold. The white-headed scratches are shorter, and the hairpin is full of lust.
Translation: Chang'an fell, the country was shattered, and only the mountains and rivers remained; spring came, and the sparsely populated Chang'an city was lush with vegetation. Feeling sentimental about state affairs, I can't help but burst into tears, and the chirping of birds frightens my heart, which only adds to the sadness and hatred of separation. The continuous war has continued until now. Letters from home are rare, and one letter is worth ten thousand taels of gold. Wrapped in sadness, I scratched my head and thought. My white hair became shorter and shorter, and I couldn't even insert the hairpin.
2. "Climbing the Yueyang Tower" by Du Fu
In the past I heard about the water in Dongting, now I am going up to the Yueyang Tower. To the southeast of Wu and Chu, the universe floats day and night.
There are no relatives and friends, and there are no old and sick people. The soldiers and horses pass through the north of the mountain, and Pingxuan Tisi flows.
Translation: In the past, I heard that Dongting Lake was magnificent, and today I finally climbed up to the Yueyang Tower. The vast lake tore apart Wu and Chu, as if the sun, moon and stars were floating in the water. There is no news from my relatives and friends, I am old and sick, and I am drifting around in a lonely boat. The fighting at the northern border broke out again, and I leaned on the railing and looked into the distance with tears streaming down my face.
3. "Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind" by Du Fu
In August, the high autumn wind roared and rolled up the triple thatch on my house. Mao flies across the river and spreads across the outskirts of the river. The taller ones hang on the treetops, while the lower ones float around the pond.
The boys in Nancun deceived me because I was old and weak, and I could not bear to face them as thieves. He carried thatch into the bamboo without hesitation, his lips were burnt and his mouth was dry and he couldn't breathe. When he came back, he leaned on his staff and sighed.
The wind in Russia makes the clouds dark, and the desert turns dark in autumn. The quilt has been as cold as iron for many years, and the delicate child is lying on it and is cracked inside. There is no drying place for the leakage at the bedside, and the rain is like numb feet and has not been stopped. Since my period is chaotic and I have little sleep, how can I get wet all night long?
There are thousands of mansions in Ande, which will protect the poor people all over the world and make them happy! Unmoved by wind and rain, it is as peaceful as a mountain. Alas! When I suddenly see this house in front of my eyes, my house alone will be broken down and frozen to death!
Translation: In the depth of autumn in August, the strong wind howled, and the strong wind swept away several layers of thatch on my roof. Thatch flies across the Huanhua River and is scattered on the other side of the river. The thatch that flies high is entangled in the tall treetops, and the grass that flies low flutters and sinks into the ponds and depressions.
A group of children in Nancun bullied me because I was old and weak. They had the heart to act like a "thief" and steal things in front of me. They ran into the bamboo forest holding thatch without any scruples. My lips were dry and I couldn’t stop drinking. When I came back, I was leaning on a cane and sighing alone.
After a while the wind stopped, the dark clouds in the sky were as black as ink, and the gloomy sky in late autumn gradually became dark. The cloth has been covered for many years and is cold and hard, like iron. The child's sleeping posture was not good and the quilt was torn. When it rains, the roof leaks, and there is no dry place in the house. The rainwater on the roof leaks down like twine.
Since the Anshi Rebellion, I have had very little sleep time. The nights are long and the house is leaky and the bed is wet. How can I stay up until dawn! How can we get tens of millions of spacious and tall houses to universally shelter poor scholars all over the world and make them smile! As stable as a mountain. well! When will such a tall house appear in front of me, even if my thatched hut is blown apart by the autumn wind, I will be willing to freeze to death!
Extended information
Anecdotes and allusions:
Rebuke the imperial relatives
The Tang Dynasty during the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, in the world at that time It's a big country. But in this big country that still seems to be powerful on the surface, there are already signs of collapse due to various reasons such as the hands of others. Finally, the Tang Dynasty quickly reached a turning point of overthrow - the occurrence of the "An-Shi Rebellion". After Du Fu learned of this situation, he felt that those in power who ignored the people's livelihood and only cared about their own enjoyment would definitely lead to the country's defeat;
So he wrote angrily and wrote a book that was later selected into the famous anthology The poems in "Three Hundred Tang Poems" are also a seven-character long ancient poem titled "Beauty's Journey". The poem has become a veritable "epic" due to its bold satire and profound exposure of the Yang family's hot and luxurious life; and people have also summarized an idiom "hot" from it, which is used to express great arrogance and power. That's a big one.
Literary characteristics:
Du Fu's poems are generally considered to have "depressive" characteristics in terms of language. The language and chapter structure are full of changes, and they emphasize the refinement of words and sentences. The word "depressed" was first used in the Southern Dynasties, "the body is full of melancholy and melancholy, and the sun and the moon are graceful." Later, Du Fu wrote the four words "depressed and frustrated" to accurately summarize the language of his own works, "As for the depressed and frustrated, it can be agile at any time. But the disciples of Yang Xiong and Mei Gao can be trampled upon."?
Further research on Du's poetry found that the formation of his poetic style is closely related to his adherence to Confucianism. At the same time, Du Fu was at the end of his prosperous age. When he was young, he had great ambitions. "He would be at the top of the mountain and see all the mountains and small mountains at a glance." Later, the Anshi Rebellion broke out, the country's fortunes declined, and his official career was not successful. There has been a big change, moving closer to realism.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Du Fu