Then, at sunrise, he walked through the fog, and there was a green landscape in Inai. I turned around and saw waves coming from the sky, and there were no clouds on the rocks.
In the evening, the fisherman anchored his boat at the foot of the western hills. At dawn, he picked up the clear water of Xiangjiang River and lit Chu Zhuxiang. When the sun rose, he disappeared. Listen. There was a loud noise and suddenly I saw green mountains and green waters.
Looking back, he has sailed to the center of the sky; On the top of the rock, only unintentional white clouds chase each other. This article was written in Yongzhou.
Xiyan is probably the Xishan Mountain in Yongzhou. Please refer to the author's travel notes about the beginning of the Xishan banquet. (2) Xiang: the water of Xiangjiang River; (3) Nai: onomatopoeia refers to the sound of paddles and people shouting.
In the Tang Dynasty, Xiang Zhong's bangzi was Yi Naiqu (see Yuan Jie's Xu Naiqu Preface). (4) Unintentional: Tao Yuanming's "Gui Xi Ci": "Clouds are unintentional.
"Generally, it means that I forgot what Zhuangzi said. Su Shi's Poem of Liu Shuzi's Later Fisherman says: "Poetry is interesting in strangeness and abnormality.
It's interesting to be familiar with this poem. However, the last two sentences are unnecessary.
"Yan Yu's Poems on Canglang said from now on," If Dongpo deletes the last two sentences to bring the son back to life, he will be convinced. However, Liu Chenweng thought: "This poem is not like the late Tang Dynasty, and it is the last two sentences.
"Since then, there have been two opinions about the last two sentences of this poem. This poem, like Jiang Xue's, was written according to the poet's own mood and interest. However, Jiang Xue is static, but this poem is continuous, fluent, vivid and vivid.
The two poems are the perfect combination of static and dynamic, which perfectly shows the poet's ideal life realm of independence, return to nature, freedom, self-reliance and enjoyment. It should be regarded as two masterpieces of romantic poetry. Su Shi once said that "Liu Zihou's poems in his later years are very similar to those of Tao Yuanming", and he also said that "it is important to dry the cream outside, which is light and beautiful, which is profound and rich" (Dongpo's inscription).
These two poems, Jiang Xue and Fisherman, can be said to be the life interest of hermits. In Yongzhou for ten years, Liu Zongyuan, as a disgraced Sima, was almost completely abandoned politically, so he was able to relax and indulge in mountains and rivers, which was somewhat similar to Tao Yuanming's seclusion.
Therefore, Tao's poems sometimes become a model for him to write poems. But Tao Yuanming is a real hermit, and there are many differences between Herry Liu and Tao.
For example, Tao does not believe in Buddhism, and Liu believes in Buddhism. Tao is a real hermit, and Liu is not a hermit, but an official.
However, in terms of ideological interest, Liu and Tao have something in common. For example, the yearning for an independent and free life realm is the eternal pursuit of ancient and modern literati and even future mankind.
As far as artistic expression is concerned, the preciseness and richness of The Fisherman are not the same as the peace and indifference of Tao's poems. But their poems have rich connotations.
Therefore, Su Shi said that Liu Zongyuan's poems were "simple and quaint, indifferent and interesting" (after Poems of Huang Zisi). Old fisherman.
Tang Du Fu's seventh poem "Autumn Prosperity": "There is only a bird in the sky, and there is a fisherman in the rivers and lakes." The Water Margin 103: "Five people went all the way to the fishing boat, and Li Jun asked,' Fisherman, do you have a big carp?' Liu Bannong's Poems of Xiangshan Chronicle (VI): "A fisherman smokes yellow cigarettes by the net."
This poem is about the fisherman, who is the core image of the whole poem. However, the poet does not paint the portrait of the fisherman in isolation, and his interest in his works does not stop at the image of the fisherman.
Generally speaking, the whole poem is composed of tireless fishermen and the mountains and rivers where fishermen live, both of which have left traces of development and change according to their own laws and characteristics. But at the same time, the poet integrated them, and the fisherman and the natural scenery became an inseparable whole, showing the rhythm of life and inner interest.
From night to morning, it is the most abundant moment of human activities, and it is the moment when everything recovers and is full of vitality. This poem takes this as a clue and unfolds the landscape. Therefore, the ever-changing behavior and actions of fishermen have the same time basis as the infinite changes of natural scenery, and have achieved extremely harmonious unity.
The whole poem consists of six sentences, which are divided into three levels in chronological order. "An old fisherman spent the night here. Under the western cliff, Xiaoxiang was burning the bamboo forest."
This is a scene from night to dawn. Fisherman is the most striking image in these two sentences. He stayed on the hillside all night, pumping water and burning bamboo in the morning, vividly showing the flow of time with a busy figure.
With the activities of fishermen, the poet's brushwork naturally extended to Xiyan, Qing Xiang and Chuzhou. The west extension is the western mountain of Yongzhou. Liu Zongyuan once discovered the joy of the Western Hills in the article Travel Notes at the Beginning of the Western Hills Banquet, and described the grandeur of the Western Hills: living at the top of the Western Hills, "the land of several States is under the table"; The Hunan water flowing through the mountains is "clear at the bottom, although it is five or six feet deep" (for "Zhong Xiang Ji", see "Taiping Yulan", volume 65). The word "Qing" in the poem precisely shows this characteristic of Hunan water.
In addition, Yongzhou area (now Lingling, Hunan) is rich in Zhu Xiang, and the scattered images of mountains, water and bamboo that seem to appear inadvertently in the poem clearly form a fresh and complete picture in the reader's mind: the veil-like mist covers mountains, flowing water and Zhu Xiang ... Si Kongtu said in "Poetry": "There is an original, if it is unknown, it is like desire." These two sentences not only set up a beautiful and pleasing spatial picture, but also lead to the following description of sunrise, which has a sense of time flowing like the beginning of night and the dawn dew. It can be said that both time and space have laid a positive and leisurely tone for the whole poem.
"Then, at sunrise, he walked through the fog, and in the green mountains and green waters, only the creak of his paddle was left." This is the most wonderful sentence to show the poet's skill and the essence of the whole poem. If arranged from the content, these two sentences describe the following scenes: on the one hand, natural scenery: cigarettes sell sunrises, mountains and rivers are green; On the one hand, it is the whereabouts of fishermen: fishing boats leave the shore and there is a loud noise in space.
However, the poet did not organize his poems according to this kind of life logic, but started from his own feelings and presented two scenes alternately, which showed the subtle changes in nature more clearly. The previous sentences, "Work at sunrise, rest at sunset" and "No one is seen", one is a common sight in the morning, and the other is that I don't know when the fishing boat is quiet.
2. What are the words about extracurricular activities? 1. Idiom: an inch of grass in the spring. Pinyin: cù nù nù cù uù uù uù uù.
Explanation: inch grass: grass; Chunhui: the sunshine in spring. Grass's meager mind can't repay the affection of spring sunshine. The kindness of parents is hard to repay.
Source: Jiao's poem "Wandering Son": "Only an inch of grass has a few feelings, and I get three rays of spring."
Synonym: Feedback is private, and spring is an inch of grass.
Antonym: six parents disown
Usage: as subject, object and attribute; Metaphor is hard to repay the kindness of parents.
Story: Meng Jiao, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, was a late bloomer and wrote many well-known poems in his life, among which Ode to a Wandering Son described the loving mother's love for her departing son. This poem is written like this: "The thread in the hand of a kind mother makes clothes for her wayward son's body. Before leaving, I had a stitch for fear that my son would come back late and his clothes would be damaged. But every inch of grass is a little sentimental, and it is rewarded with three chunhui! "
Second, idioms: feedback private pinyin: f ǔ n b ǔ zh ǔ s ǔ
Description: Feedback: When young birds grow up, feed their mothers with food. It is a metaphor for children to support their parents when they grow up and repay their parents for their kindness.
Source: Jin Chenggong Sui's Five Blessingg: "Young and strong can fly, but feed back."
For example, we all have the self-interest of giving back to others, and it is our unshirkable responsibility to support the elderly.
Synonym: the feeling of feedback.
Usage: as an object; Children to parents.
3. Extracurricular ancient poetry-quatrains "quatrains"
Author: Du Fu
"Two orioles sing green willows, and egrets cover the sky."
My window framed the snow-covered western hills. My door often says "goodbye" to ships sailing eastward.
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This group of poems begins with the spring scenery of the thatched cottage, and the artistic conception is Tao Ran; With the wandering of sight, the change of scenery and the appearance of river boats, his homesickness was touched, and the four sentences of scenery fully expressed the poet's complicated and meticulous inner ideological activities. This poem has two sticks, and its writing is exquisite, but it doesn't feel polished at all, and it is natural and smooth. Lead readers to introduce their philosophical interest in history and life from the immediate scenery to the distant space and a long time.
"Two orioles singing green willows, a line of egrets on the sky. The window contains autumn snow in Xiling, and the Wu Dong Wan Li boat stops at the door. " Orioles and green willows present a lively atmosphere, while egrets and blue sky give people a calm and comfortable feeling. The word "song" indicates the bird's complacency. The word "Shang" shows the leisure and elegance of egrets. The alternating colors of yellow, green, white and blue show the beauty of spring and convey the poet's cheerful and comfortable mood. This poem is colorful, artistic and neat. The word "containing" means that the poet is looking out of the window, and this scene seems to be a picture embedded in a window frame. These two sentences show the poet's ease and joy. "Xiling", that is, Minshan Mountain in southwest Chengdu, has snow all year round, so it is called "Thousand Autumn Snow". "Wu Dong", during the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Quan established his capital in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, with the name of Wu, also known as Wu. This refers to the Jiangnan area in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. "One thousand autumn snows" means a long time, and "Wan Li Boat" means a vast space. Poets in the thatched cottage, thinking for thousands of years, see through Wan Li, how broad-minded! These two sentences are also the crowning touch of the whole poem, with an open realm and lofty sentiments. It broadens the breadth in space and time, and makes the whole poem stand out at once. It is both deep and heavy, comfortable and open, which is really a famous sentence through the ages.
Su Shi once said: "The intangible painting of Shaoling calligraphy". This poem is like a colorful and vivid landscape banner: orioles, green willows, egrets, blue sky, rivers and snow-capped mountains, with elegant and harmonious colors and alternating images. In the center of the painting are several green weeping willows, and yellow is singing tactfully on the branches; The upper part of the painting is the blue sky, and a line of egrets is reflected in the blue sky; The mountains in the distance can be seen, and the peaks are still the same snow for many years; Half of the hut is exposed nearby, and there is a big river in front. Ships in the distance are moored on the water. In terms of color and lines, the author dyed two goose yellow dots in a piece of green and drew a white line obliquely in the green space. Point, line and surface are organically combined, and the color is bright and harmonious. Poets in the thatched cottage, thinking for thousands of years, see through Wan Li, magnanimous mind, sonorous voice. The whole poem is exquisite, colorful, dynamic and static, with both sound and shape. Every poem is a painting, and now it has formed a magnificent landscape painting in Wan Li.