In art, the whole poem has a complete conception and exquisite layout. The Yellow River, the symbol of the Chinese nation, runs through the image, casting a surging passion and making the whole poem show great power. At the same time, due to the poet's absorption and reference of China's traditional poetry expression methods, the poetry has a bright rhythm and concise language. Prior to this, he engaged in literary activities in Chongqing from 65438 to 0940, and created a long narrative poem Qu Yuan. Under the white terror, he expressed the people's strong demands of persisting in the war of resistance, opposing surrender, separatism and retrogression in the form of poems. After the "Southern Anhui Incident", he was forced to leave Myanmar to join overseas Chinese cultural circles and overseas Chinese youth in anti-fascist cultural activities. He returned to Yunnan from March 365438 to September 365438.
background information
1969 A few years after the publication of the piano concerto "Yellow River", Art editor Wenguang of Jiefang Daily needs to borrow people to paint and publicize painting. 1972, Chen Yifei, who was only 25 years old, became the head of the oil painting group of Shanghai Oil Painting Sculpture Studio, and then participated in the design of the "Yellow River" oil painting group in Shanghai together with Xia Baoyuan, Zhang, Qin and Yan.
The piano concerto is divided into four parts, and this group of paintings is also divided into four parts. Yan painted the first movement "Yellow River Boatman Song", Chen Yifei painted the second movement "Ode to the Yellow River", and Xia Baoyuan painted the third movement "Yellow River Wrath"; Qin and Zhang painted the fourth movement "Defending the Yellow River", in which "Defending the Yellow River" was originally painted with Lin Biao, but later Lin Biao defected and needed to be redrawn.
Among the four works, Chen Yifei's Ode to the Yellow River is the most familiar to the outside world. Its first draft is gouache. Besides painting the Red Army, there is also a farmer in sheep's clothing. But Chen Yifei thought that standing alone in the mountains would make the picture more concise and powerful, and the role of the farmer was removed from the second draft. This practice caused controversy in the art world at that time, thinking that this practice could not represent the masses, and at least a militia should be added. In order to draw this picture according to your own ideas.
In order to draw soldiers with rifles, Chen Yifei also found a printed piece of Soviet oil painting, which shows Lenin inspecting the army and rows of soldiers with rifles. In order to study this vague printed matter, Chen Yifei read the works all morning.
It was not until five years later that this work was exhibited for the first time in the art exhibition of the whole army held in 1977. Its appeal and painting skills attracted the attention of the art world and established Chen Yifei's position in the history of China's fine arts.
In the1980s, Chen Yifei decided to go abroad. The night before boarding the plane, he suddenly decided to remove several paintings, especially Ode to the Yellow River. Because Ode to the Yellow River is 297 cm long and 143.5 cm wide, Chen Yifei invited a group of little brothers to help him carry it, but the painting was too big, and it would take two bicycles in tandem to carry it away. Unexpectedly, he is turning the corner.
1997 On New Year's Day, Chen Yifei wrote an article "Heroes and Romance" in Xinmin Evening News, saying: "Ode to the Yellow River was originally conceived to draw a shepherd, wearing a headscarf on a sheep's stomach and singing in the sky. After repeated consideration, he found that this expression was almost an interpretation of The Yellow River Cantata's lyrics, so he resolutely abandoned it and changed it. In the eyes of the Red Army soldier's rifle, I drew a small red cloth, just like a bright flower in full bloom. At his feet, I drew a line of geese flying diagonally south. "
1996, this painting was auctioned by Sotheby's in Hong Kong and sold for HK$1285,000, making it one of the most expensive oil paintings in China at that time. On May 13, 2007, this painting will be auctioned again in Guardian's auction, and Guardian's valuation is 20 million yuan.
How to edit this paragraph to write the Yellow River (Xian Xinghai)?
Although The Yellow River was written in Yan 'an, which is short of material conditions, it has created a new kind of national salvation song at this stage.
Although the songs of national salvation in the past made great achievements and were loved by the masses, they were soon spurned by the masses. Therefore, the imbalance between "quantity" and "quality" makes many songs disappear or fail in a short time.
Although the lyrics of Yellow River are a little elegant, they will not hurt its style. It has great verve, skill, enthusiasm and truth, especially a bright future. But also directly fits the current environment and points out the importance of "defending the Yellow River". It is also full of beautiful, realistic, resentful and tragic feelings, so that people who have never crossed the Yellow River and those who have been to the Yellow River feel the same way.
1. Yellow River boatman song
If you listen attentively, you can find a picture, like dozens of boatmen rowing, full of struggle. There are two emotions worthy of attention in the song: the tension at the beginning is the situation in which the boatman struggles with the waves when crossing the river. They sang "Paddle Forward", "Dark clouds cover the sky ..." and "The waves hit the boat, partner! Open your eyes! Helmsman! Grab your wrist! ..... desperately! Don't be afraid! " "Sailing is like going to the line of fire and rushing forward as one!" The last paragraph is a little easier. Before they crossed the Yellow River, they were full of joy and light. After a burst of laughter, their mood has reached a state of comfort and peace of mind, and they can catch their breath.
2. Ode to the Yellow River
It is written in the form of ode, mostly praising the greatness and strength of the Yellow River with unrestrained enthusiasm. With a tenor solo, the song is solemn and stirring, and you can hear the power of the Yellow River flowing in the accompaniment!
3. How does the Yellow River water flow out of heaven?
It's a recitation, and I accompany it with three strings. The lyrics are all expressed by three strings, not by drum accompaniment or ordinary Beijing accompaniment. In Europe, there is a song with independent lyrics and accompaniment, which was initiated by the songwriter Wolf. But China's songs can be accompanied by three strings to express the lyrics, and can be made into a song independently. I'm afraid it's the first attempt. Among the tones of Sanxian, there are two other tunes besides "Man Jiang Hong", one is March of the Volunteers. But there is only one thing, the whole song is not used (this is due to the organization of tunes).
4. "Yellow River Counterpart Song"
Written in the form of folk songs (Shanxi tune), the last three parts of the two chorus are coordinated with the main theme of Party A and Party B, and the three strings and erhu represent the two people's turn and chorus respectively, which is also easier to pass and more interesting. Singers should use actions to help convey songs, which is more vivid.
5. "Yellow Water Ballad"
This is a folk song sung in unison. The tone is relatively simple, and there is an expression of pain and groaning. But unlike the decadence of ordinary people, Huangshui ballads are full of hope and struggle!
6. Yellow River complaints
A voice that represents the oppression and humiliation of women. This is a sad song, full of tears. If the singer doesn't feel this way, the audience will certainly feel the same way, which should be noted.
7. Defend the Yellow River
It is the first round of aria, starting from two parts to four parts. At the beginning of every sentence, you should be strong, healthy and optimistic. It's all written in China's melody. There is a "long dragon song" in the third to fourth voices, which is the backup singer of the chorus. Singing with style is very interesting. The whole thing is very powerful and imposing, falling together and changing endlessly. Just pay attention.
8. "hey! the Yellow River
This is a four-part chorus with two, three and four different voices. The tune is sincere and strong, but full of blood and encouragement. It is one of the most important themes of the Yellow River. The last two sentences: "Send a warning signal of fighting to the suffering people in China! Send a warning signal to people who work all over the world! " Sing it three times, four times and five times until the audience feels the same way. It is best to play the main theme with bugles and then accompany it with drums, so as to show the greatness of the "Yellow River". Its roar inspires the suffering masses and working people all over the world.
The practice of the Yellow River is the first attempt in China. I hope that people who pay attention to the new music movement in China can give me a guide and make me work harder.
(Excerpted from the Complete Works of Xian Xinghai)
The Birth of the Yellow River Chorus (Before the Light)
A friend called from the north to discuss The Yellow River Cantata's manuscript, and asked me to write an article for Chinese Express to match the grand performance of the great American composer Xian Xinghai at the Hong Kong Yellow River Music Festival. I have written a memoir about this topic, and I have said everything I want to say. However, even if limited to the topic, I should try again. I would like to take this opportunity to extend my warm congratulations on the success of the Yellow River Music Festival.
As early as the spring of 1937, when Xinghai and I met in Shanghai, he had a great ambition to express the sufferings, struggles and struggles of our Chinese nation, the pursuit of freedom and happiness and the belief in victory through his own musical image. He injected this ambition into the national symphony he was writing. War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out, which was the time when China people were passionate. Writers and artists are at the forefront of enthusiasm. He wrote many patriotic songs with long vitality, and he hoped to express his ambition through the long works of vocal music art, which shows that the birth of The Yellow River Cantata conforms to the requirements of the times and the composer's inherent requirements.
In retrospect, the composer's ambition to reflect the requirements of the times is also the same wish of China writers and artists, and I am no exception. 1938 in autumn and winter, I often marched on both sides of the Yellow River in the northwest with comrades from the Third Team of Anti-Japanese Drama and worked in guerrilla base areas behind enemy lines. The magnificent mountains and rivers in China and the heroic attitude of guerrilla fighters strongly touched me all the time, and I was brewing in my heart.
What can be added now is that there were two kinds of impressions at that time, which strongly and directly inspired the poetry in the chest. One is that the boatmen are driving the ark (indeed, the ark) and fighting against the stormy waves when crossing the Yellow River rapids, which has been shown and played in the Yellow River Boatman Song. At that time, Comrade Wu Xiling, who was in the same boat, recorded the song of the boatman. It used to be an important reference for Xinghai's composition. Another is to pass through Hukou (Hukou) in the north of Jixian County, Shanxi Province, and watch the Yellow River rapids fall into the cliff abyss, forming a magnificent picture of Niagara Falls. This is the famous place where the Yellow River smokes and boats travel by land. I was shocked by this miracle of nature. I faithfully wrote the impression at that time into the recitation song "How the Water of the Yellow River Moves Out of the Sky" (the third chorus). The endless sufferings of the people in the northwest in history described here, and the strange scene of "guerrillas and field troops on both sides of the Yellow River adorn the enemy's rear" is also true. The third of The Yellow River Cantata's eight songs was written as a recitation song, which was a deliberate attempt by the songwriter. Xinghai wrote: "China songs can express the content of lyrics with three strings, but if they can be independent and self-sufficient, I'm afraid that's all.
After the liberation of China, the Yellow River Chorus has been formally performed in the capital for many times, but it was neglected to recite the song "How the Yellow River Water Moves Out of Heaven", which I deeply regret. This song is difficult to recite. They are afraid that if they don't handle it well, the whole performance will be affected. 1April 1938 +0939 I recited the first two performances in Yan 'an, when the accompaniment conditions were relatively simple. Later, he performed in Yan 'an, and before liberation, he performed amateur performances in major cities in the north and south. They all sang eight songs in one breath and didn't ruin the pot because the third song was difficult to handle. Now the high-level singing skills of professional groups are much better than in the past. I hope the artists can overcome the difficulties and hear the complete performance of the chorus.
I still remember 1939. One night in February, in a spacious cave in Yan 'an Communication Office, 30 comrades of the third team of the Anti-Japanese War Drama had a happy New Year's Eve. The hospital in Shilipu invited me to this party. Comrade Xinghai was also invited to attend. Under the bright kerosene lamp, I stood up and made some explanations, and then read all the more than 400 lines emotionally. Followed by more warm applause, mixed with cheers, congratulations on the harmony between this poem and the soul of music.
The Yellow River Cantata is mainly the achievement of music art, and the lyrics provide convenient conditions for realizing the composer's ambition. We feel sorry for the premature departure of talented composers! If he lived to this day-80 years old, of course, and heard that his songs are still in the north and south of the country, it would be great to inspire the people of China to unite and rise up and revitalize China! If he is still alive, how many immortal movements of the times will he write in the last 40 years of his normal continuation! Thought of here, more and more feel our loss! Encourage the younger generation of people with lofty ideals to catch up, make up for our heavy losses, and add new glory to new China by surpassing the creation of predecessors!
(Originally published in new york Chinese Express on August 28th 1985)
Fourth, the "Yellow River" skill (before it happened)
The Yellow River, with its heroic spirit, appeared on the Asian plain, symbolizing the great spirit of the Chinese nation.
In The Yellow River Cantata, a powerful picture of fantasy and reality is unfolded.
Dark clouds filled the sky, and the boatmen of the Yellow River fought in the wind and rain, and finally reached the other side after hardships. This symbolizes that our great country and people have finally won a brilliant victory after breaking through the difficulties of the storm.
So a singer of the times appeared at the top of the mountain. He represented the heroic sons and daughters of the motherland and sang praises to the Yellow River. We should follow his example and be as great and strong as him.
In front of the Asian giants, the national poet feels nostalgic. He turned to the Yellow River giant and cried about the disaster of our nation. When he saw the giant wake up, he set off a raging wave, issued a crazy cry, and responded to the battle songs all over the country.
On the east bank of the Yellow River, fertile fields are thousands of miles away, and men, women and children are happy. Once the violent enemy invades, it brings crazy killing and separation, and it is desolate.
Two exiled villagers met by chance by the Yellow River. They each told their own destiny and finally embarked on the road of common struggle.
However, his wife, a rural woman, lost her husband and children and was ravaged by wild animals. On a miserable night, she sneaked to the edge of the Yellow River. After a miserable cry, she threw herself into the rolling waves of the Yellow River.
At this time, in the east of Hebei, among the mountains and green tents, the waves of revenge rolled up in all directions, and the outstanding sons and daughters of the Chinese nation were fighting to defend the Yellow River and the motherland.
Roar, Yellow River! Send a warning signal of fighting to the oppressed people all over China and the oppressed people all over the world! On behalf of 50,000 people, we shouted for the final victory of the motherland.
original text
Ode to the Yellow River (before the arrival of light)
(Recite words)
Ah, friend!
With his heroism,
Vilen in Asia;
It shows the spirit of our nation:
Great and powerful!
Here,
We are heading for the Yellow River,
Sing our hymn.
(Lyrics)
I stood at the top of the mountain,
Looking at the rolling Yellow River,
Run southeast.
The waves are rough,
Set off a turbulent wave;
Turbid flow turns around,
Form a nine-song chain;
From the foot of Kunlun Mountain
Run to the yellow sea;
Put the central plains land
Divide into north and south parts ..
Ah! Yellow River!
You are the cradle of the Chinese nation!
Five thousand years of ancient culture,
Originated from you;
How many heroic stories,
Play by your side!
Ah! Yellow River!
You are great and strong,
Like a giant
Appears on the plains of Asia,
Use your heroic body
Build a barrier for our country.
Ah! Yellow River!
You're depressed,
Huge,
To the north and south banks
Stretch out a thousand iron arms.
The great spirit of our nation,
Will be cultivated by you
Carry forward and grow!
Heroes and sons and daughters of our motherland,
Will learn from you,
As great and strong as you!
As great and strong as you!
Edit this paragraph and learn to explore.
Overall grasp
Throughout the ages, the Yellow River, with its majestic momentum, has flowed across the land of China and nurtured generations of Chinese sons and daughters. To sing praises to the Yellow River is to sing praises to our great Chinese nation.
The Yellow River Cantata is a group of poems written by Zhang Guangnian, a famous poet, to cooperate with the large-scale national symphony created by musician Xian Xinghai. 1937, after the full-scale outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the Japanese invaders trampled on the land of North China, and the national anti-Japanese national salvation movement reached a climax. The artistic images they created reflected the real struggle and inspired the people's anti-Japanese enthusiasm. This is the wish of many progressive writers and artists. In August 1935, the poet Guang William. J wrote the lyrics "Flowers in May", in which he sang: "Flowers in May bloomed all over vilen, and/flowers covered up the blood of people with lofty ideals. /In order to save this dying nation,/They fought stubbornly against the Japanese ... "The lyrics were widely sung after creation. He also wrote a large group of poems with eight movements, namely: The Yellow River Cantata and The Yellow River Cantata, which are: Yellow River Boatman Song, Yellow River Ode, how the Yellow River's waters move out of heaven, Yellow River counterpart Song, Yellow River Ballad, Yellow River Complaint, Defend the Yellow River and Roar, Yellow River. . 19960.866117 The magnificent imagination and realistic pictures in the poem are intertwined to form a magnificent historical picture. Xian Xinghai praised it as "full of aesthetic feeling, realism, resentment and tragic feelings, which makes people who have never crossed the Yellow River and those who have been to the Yellow River feel the same way. The lyrics themselves have tried to describe the history of the Yellow River for thousands of years.
"Yellow River Fu" is a genre, centering on "Yellow River Fu", and is closely related to the first chapter of the poem "Yellow River Boatman Song" in structure. Song, the boatman of the Yellow River, described: "There were dark clouds all over the sky, and the boatman of the Yellow River struggled hard in the storm and finally reached the other side. This symbolizes that our great nation and people have broken through the stormy waves. " The poet appeared as a singer of the times. Standing on the top of the mountain, he sang the Yellow River ode on behalf of the heroic sons and daughters of the motherland. He praised the Yellow River for its majestic momentum and long history. He wanted to learn from the Yellow River and be as great and strong as the Yellow River.
Ode to the Yellow River begins with a clear theme "Praise the Yellow River", which shows the greatness and strength of the Yellow River. Praising the Yellow River for nurturing and defending the Chinese nation will also inspire the Chinese nation. The last part calls on us to learn the spirit of the Yellow River.
In Ode to the Yellow River, the poet sang the praises of the Yellow River in a symbolic way. In fact, she eulogized our nation and inspired Chinese sons and daughters to be "great and strong" like the Yellow River, defending the Yellow River and China with heroism and strong determination. Her melody is passionate, the music is vigorous, magnificent, passionate and deep, full of strong impact and shock, which shows the unruly blood of the Yellow River and the heroic spirit of the Chinese nation and praises the majestic momentum of the Yellow River.
Ode to the Yellow River is an ode to the Yellow River, an ode to the times, an ode to the Chinese nation, and an ode to perseverance and perseverance of the Chinese nation.
The first section is memorizing words, and the second section is lyrics. The author first calls the reader "friend" by calling for help, and clearly states the theme of "praising the Yellow River" at the beginning.
The second section is the main part of the whole poem. In order to express the momentum of ode, "tenor solo, solemn and stirring song, and the power of the Yellow River flowing can be heard in the accompaniment" (How to Write the Yellow River by Xian Xinghai). The content of the lyrics in the second paragraph is relatively clear, and there are obvious keywords that can be used as the basis for combing ideas. The first is the word "hope" of "looking at the Yellow River rolling". There are both realistic elements and grand imagination, and the organization is clear and the rules are strict: 1. Close-up Close-up Close-up-"The waves are rough,/set off the tide"; Then there is the general writing method of overlooking the panorama-"Turbid flow turns around,/forming a zigzag chain"; Then it describes the flow direction of the Yellow River vertically-"from the foot of Kunlun Mountain/to the Yellow Sea"; Finally, it spread horizontally to both sides of the Yellow River basin-"splitting the Central Plains in two". Then he began to praise the great contribution of the Yellow River to the Chinese nation and entered the stage of "ode". "ah! Yellow River! " Over and over again, from "ah! Yellow River! /You are the cradle of the Chinese nation "to" You will nurture/develop "is divided into three levels, praising the Yellow River for nurturing the Chinese nation and pointing out its historical contribution; Defend the Chinese nation like a natural barrier and point out the geographical advantages of the Yellow River; Finally, from reality to nothingness, he praised the vastness of the Yellow River Basin and learned from it on behalf of the people of China.
This article is selected from the Yellow River chorus "The Second Ode to the Yellow River". 1938, the anti-Japanese bonfire burned all over China, and the poet marched along the bank of the Yellow River with the army. Facing the magnificent mountains and rivers, he felt the fighting spirit and unyielding will of the Chinese nation. So after the poet arrived in Yan 'an in 1939, he created a large group of poems, The Yellow River Cantata.
Problem research
1. "! Yellow River! " What kind of role did it play?
"ah! Yellow River! " Repeatedly, the main part of the lyrics consists of "Ah! Yellow River! /You are the cradle of the Chinese nation "to" You will nurture/develop "is divided into three levels, namely: the Yellow River nurtured the Chinese nation, the Yellow River defended the Chinese nation, and the Yellow River will also inspire the Chinese nation.
2. How to understand that the Yellow River is a "cradle" and a "barrier"?
It is easy to understand that the Yellow River is the cradle of the Chinese nation. The birth, development and expansion of Chinese culture in the Yellow River Basin have nurtured and nourished generations of Chinese descendants. Comparing the Yellow River to a "national barrier", we focus on the defensive function of the Yellow River to the Chinese nation. The natural barrier of the Yellow River can be used as a military barrier geographically, and its great and powerful spirit is enough to become national defense and the resistance of the Chinese nation.
3. How to understand that the Yellow River "stretches out a thousand iron arms to the north and south banks"?
For the sentence "The Yellow River stretches out thousands of iron arms to the north and south banks", we must first make clear what the "arm" in the sentence means. Judging from the whole sentence, this is a figurative sentence, comparing the Yellow River to a giant. The mainstream of the Yellow River is the trunk of the giant, and the countless tributaries of the Yellow River basin are thousands of "iron arms" on the giant. Secondly, we should understand such a giant in combination with the above.
4. How to grasp the language features of Ode to the Yellow River?
This lyric is lively and vigorous, with distinct rhythm and loud syllables. It is mainly composed of short sentences and long sentences. Combination of long and short, free and unrestrained, patchwork. In rhyme, every two or three sentences rhyme, forming a natural and harmonious rhythm. At the same time, it pays great attention to depicting the image of the Yellow River and creating the beauty of the lyrics: "The Yellow River is rolling" and "the waves are turbulent,/setting off huge waves; /Turbulent flow turns around,/forms a nine-song chain "and other sentences, which unfold a grand picture in front of readers!
Practice note
Recite this lyric with emotion.
This lyric wins with momentum. Be sure to stimulate students' inner feelings when reading. If it can arouse students' tragic feelings, the Chinese nation can have passionate feelings and read with emotion when it is in danger. It is not advisable to train and guide students' reading skills too early.
In what ways did the poet praise the heroic spirit of the Yellow River? What feelings did he express by praising the Yellow River?
This topic aims to guide students to grasp the lyrics from a macro perspective. Teachers should pay attention to two different levels contained in the topic. The first problem comes from the surface. First, grasp the key word "yellow river bravery" to guide students to repeatedly perceive the text and feel the indomitable courage of the yellow river. Secondly, we should pay attention to the key point of "from what aspects" and guide students to think from the following aspects: the natural characteristics of the Yellow River.
The second question is actually to guide students to think about the purpose of the poet's creation. By praising the Yellow River and our nation, the poet evokes the national pride and self-confidence of the vast number of Chinese sons and daughters, inspires them to be "great and strong" like the Yellow River, and defends the Yellow River and China with heroism and strong determination.
Among the poems we have studied, some poems are straightforward and lyrical, with heroic style, while others are euphemistic and implicit. What kind of poem do you think it belongs to? Why? Can you give one or two more examples from the poems you have learned?
This topic aims to guide students to understand and appreciate two aesthetic styles of poetry-sublime and beautiful. However, in teaching practice, it is not necessary to entangle too much in terms, but to grasp the characteristics of these two kinds of poems through the perception of specific works.
This poem belongs to the category of straightforward lyricism and heroic style, because it shapes the surging and magnificent image of the Yellow River with clear language. The sentence pattern of "Ah, Yellow River ……" directly expresses the feelings of loving the Yellow River and is full of heroic beauty. Wang Zhihuan's "In the Lodge of the Heron" and Su Shi's "Niannujiao Chibi Nostalgia" all belong to this category. He Qifang's Autumn and Guo Moruo's Thoughts on a Quiet Night, which were learned last semester, are both euphemistic and implicit poems.
Edit this teaching suggestion.
First, arousing students' emotions is the first condition for a good class, and guiding students to grasp the main parts of the lyrics as a whole is the key to a deeper understanding of the text.
Most students have a certain understanding of the background of this lyric, and they also have simple patriotic feelings. Teachers should try their best to stimulate and strengthen this feeling. With the help of the power of music, they can impress students' hearts by directly appealing to auditory music. Under the background of music, they can repeatedly experience the surging national feelings in the lyrics by reading the music score, and then analyze the thinking of the second verse.
The teaching of this course should focus on reading, not too much explanation.
Second, the teaching design
1. Play the first and second parts of the Yellow River Chorus. Infect students with powerful momentum and arouse their hearts.
2. Read aloud. Read correctly, fluently and emotionally in Mandarin.
(1) Teachers demonstrate reading.
② Students can practice reading aloud freely.
③ All the students read together.
3. Content discussion
① Solve the problem. The title of this lesson is Ode to the Yellow River. Which word is the key? (Grasp the word "ode". )
② One or three paragraphs of this lyric obviously echo from beginning to end, but are the emphases of these two paragraphs exactly the same? The first section focuses on "Yellow River" and the third section focuses on "Chinese sons and daughters".
(3) The second section is the main part, mainly Ode to the Yellow River, but it doesn't begin to praise immediately. There is a gaining stage before Ode. If you find a word to quote in the text, which word should it be? (that is, the word "king". )
④ The link of Ode to the Yellow River also has obvious external signs, that is, the recurring "Ah! Yellow River! " This sentence divides the content into several levels. What are the main contents of each level?