In the 1930s, Nekip Fascell's poems (1905~) expressed the loneliness, despair and pain of individuals in society and the universe, which had a wide influence. Nadhim Khikmet is famous for his free poems and songs describing social life. Later, Dynamo (1909~), Refaat Elkatz (191~) and A Kadir (19 17~) and others also wrote many reflections. However, due to the imprisonment and persecution of these progressive poets, Hikmet's works failed to develop smoothly.
In the 1940s, the "grotesque school" represented by the poet Orville (19 14~ 1950) made great innovations in Turkish poetry and further developed free verse. At this time, Dalal Jia (19 14~), a poet who does not belong to any genre and has a unique style, attracted people's attention with his abstract and philosophical works. At this time, in short stories, many works describe the miserable life of working people and reflect the harsh social reality. For example, the local story of Refik Hallett Carlei (1888 ~1965) (1939). In addition, the works of Seth Faeeq Abasianik (1906~ 1954) have also made great artistic achievements, which have attracted wide attention at home and abroad.
After 1956, short story creation appeared schools influenced by existentialism. Their works are abstract in content, peculiar in structure and obscure in language, which is not easy to be accepted by the public. Some of these writers later changed their styles and embarked on the road of realism. In the late 1960s and 1970s, the political situation in Turkey was turbulent, and various ideological struggles were complicated, which were reflected by young writers with keen feelings in the form of short stories, so short stories were more active in this period. Among them, Bechir Yildiz (1935~), Osman Shaheen (1938~) and the female writer Philuzan Seljuk (1935~) are famous.
In terms of novels, the Outsider by the famous writer Yakup Kadri (1932), The Grocery Store with Flies by halliday Idipu (1936) and The Living Birds by Richard Nuri Guntaijin (1922). Writers who appeared in the 1930s and 1950s, such as Sabahaddin Ali, Sadri Otem (1900~ 1943) and Richard Ennis (1909~), mostly paid attention to the urban poor, soldiers, farmers, workers, prisoners and exiles. Ertaim's When the Spinning Wheel Stops (193 1) is the first novel in the history of Turkish literature that reflects the rural class struggle. Richard Ennis's novel The Taste of the Earth (1944) describes the tragic fate of a poor family and reflects the situation of farmers being exploited, which became one of the representative works in the 1940s.
1954 to 1967 is the most popular year for rural novels. Writers such as Jasar Kaimar, Orr Kaimar, Samim Kokagoz (19 16~) and Orr Hansel Riolu (19 16~) describe farmers' life extensively and profoundly. In the 1940s and 1950s, some students who graduated from "Rural College" (a school that trained talents from farmers to serve the countryside) also became famous rural novel writers. For example, Macard Mahamut (1930~), Fakir Bakurt (1929~), Tarip Arpadin (1926~). Mahmoud's Our Village (1950) has aroused great repercussions, and its publication is regarded as one of the major events in the history of Turkish literature.
In the late 1960s, novels were still dominated by social and political themes. With the development of industrialization and urbanization, the theme of Turkish realistic novels gradually shifted from rural life to urban life. On the one hand, the works of this period exposed the darkness of society, on the other hand, they tried to explore ways to realize social change.