Wu Jun
See smoke in the mountains and sunset in the bamboo.
Birds fly on the roof and clouds float from the window.
To annotate ...
1 mountain: the place where the mountain meets the sky.
② kuì: Look through the gap.
③ eaves (yán): eaves.
Translation:
Mist floated from the hillside, and the sunset was seen through the cracks in the bamboo forest.
Birds fly to the eaves, and the clouds in the distance seem to flow through the window.
Solve the problem:
This article is one of the three poems in the mountain. It is about the quiet living environment in the mountains, showing a leisurely mood. Shen Deqian said that this is "four sentences about scenery, which is unique".
Miscellaneous poems in the mountains
What you see-Shan Lan in the twilight, sandwiched between bamboo seams-is a slow picture.
Birds fly leisurely under the eaves of others, and a faint cloud slowly floats out of the window.
Enjoy 1:
These four landscape poems have their own styles. Before each sentence, if you read the words "look at it" in one breath, a wonderful picture will appear before our eyes and play beautiful music. Du Fu's quatrains: "Two orioles sing green willows, and a row of egrets go up to the sky. The window contains autumn snow in Xiling, and the Wu Dong Wan Li boat stops at the door. " Looking around, I feel deeply, combining different scenery to form a special environment, giving people a fresh feeling. That's the style.
Appreciation 2:
The poem describes the poet's interesting life in the mountains: surrounded by mountains, bamboo trees are flourishing, birds are flying on other people's eaves, and clouds are floating outside the window. This kind of seclusion exhausted the dust of the world and expressed the poet's comfortable and leisurely mood casually and vividly.
The whole poem is only four short sentences, one sentence and one scene, but each sentence is inseparable from the theme of "in the mountains", which is a common phenomenon in quiet mountains. When the sun sets, you can only see the oblique glow of its veins in the cracks of the bamboo forest, which shows that the bamboo forest is dense and lush, and the first two sentences of the fun in the mountains have already been heard. Birds come and go on the eaves, and white clouds pass through the window, all of which show that the poet lives on a high and steep terrain, while in the Maolin bamboo cultivation, birds always live in front of and behind his eaves, which reflects the tranquility and detachment of the mountain residence, away from the hubbub.
Shen Deqian once said this poem: "Four sentences about scenery are unique." It means that this little poem concentrates all the pen and ink on the scenery, which is different from the general structure from scenery to characters or from scenery to lyric, and opens up a new format. In fact, although each of these four sentences is a scene, people are always in it. For example, "seeing" and "peeking" in the first two sentences all indicate that there is someone behind the scenes, and the scene written is only seen by people, not purely objective description. As for "on the roof" and "in the window" in three or four sentences, people's existence is more clearly revealed. Moreover, the poet's joy in living in the mountains has been hinted at in his landscape writing, and his calm and detached state of mind can also be seen here.
Wu Jun is an expert in writing landscapes. The reason why these four short poems can outline the characteristics of Shan Jutu lies in the author's proper choice of observation angle. Smoke is seen by mountains, sunset is seen by bamboo, birds are on the eaves, and clouds are outside the window. In this way, Shan Lan, Sunset, Birds and Clouds were written in an unusual way, which brought the subjective color that the poet saw in Shan Jutu and had typical significance. It's like photography, which takes the same image, but everyone has his own opinion. And a frame of successful works can always capture the characteristics and interests of the scenery from a novel and ingenious angle, just like Wu Jun's imitation of the landscape.
The author introduces:
Wu Yun was born in Xing Wu (now Anji, Zhejiang). Born in the fifth year of Taishi Emperor in the Song and Ming Dynasties (469), he died in the first year of Liang Wudi (520). The family background is poor, and everyone is eager to learn and talented. Shen Yue once read his article and expressed his appreciation. Tian Jianchu and Liu Yun were appointed as the magistrate of Xing Wu, called him as the main book, and often wrote poems with him. Later, he was the secretary of King Xiao Wei of Jian 'an and was promoted to assistant minister of the country. Please enter the court. He once asked to write Qi Chunqiu, and the manuscript was handed over to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty actually recorded that he was burned "because his book was untrue". Later, he wrote the General History by imperial edict, but he died before. See Liang Shu's Southern History, Volume 49, Volume 72, Biography of Wu Jun, and Zhu Dongrun's Poet Wu Jun has a chronicle of Wu Jun (see China Literature Collection published by Zhonghua Book Company 1983) for reference.
Wu Jun is a historian. He wrote 30 volumes of Qi Chunqiu, 10 Record of the Temple, 16 Records of the Twelve States, 5 volumes of Biography of the Sages in Qiantang and 90 volumes of the Book of the Later Han Dynasty, all of which have died. He is a famous writer. Legend of Liang Shu: "The monarch's body is clear and ancient, and those who are good or learn are called' Wu Jun's body'." His Collection of Twenty Volumes. Four Notes of Sui Shu's Annals of Classics: "Liang Fengchao invited Wu for twenty volumes." Records of Old Tang Shu Jing Ji Zhi and New Tang Shuyi Wen Zhi are all twenty volumes. History of Song Dynasty, Art and Literature: Wu Jun's Poems in three volumes. It can be seen that most of his works were lost in the Song Dynasty. The collections of the Ming Dynasty are as follows:
The appendix to the three volumes of Wu Please Collection shows 72 episodes compiled by Zhang Xie.
"Wu Chao Please Collection" is a volume of 103, a masterpiece of the Han, Wei and Six Dynasties collected by Zhang Bi. In addition, there is a volume of Wu Wenxuan, in which 130 selected works of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties were selected by Wu Rulun in Qing Dynasty. Yan Kejun's Complete 60 volumes, including Associating with Stone, Thinking with Zhu, Gu Zhangshu, etc. 13; Qi's Poems of Liang Shi in Pre-Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties 10, including Poems of Wang Guiyang, Miscellaneous Poems in the Mountains and Answering Poems.
One of Wu Jun's poems and essays was not selected. I wonder if it has something to do with Liang Wudi's criticism that "Wu Jun is unfair and He Xun is puffed up" (see the biography of He Xun in volume 33 of Southern History). Wu Yun's achievements in parallel prose are relatively high, and his books with Zhu and Gu Zhangshu are well-known masterpieces. Wu Jun's poems, like his prose, are full of mountains and rivers, with fresh and straight style and certain artistic achievements. In addition, he also has Continued Harmony, which is an excellent novel of the Six Dynasties.
House of Bamboo
Wang Wei
I leaned alone in the dense bamboo, playing the piano and humming a song.
It's too light for anyone to hear, except my partner, Mingyue.
Translation:
On a moonlit night, I sit alone in a quiet bamboo forest and occasionally play the piano or whistle. The bamboo forest is deep and unknown, but it is accompanied by the bright moon, so I take photos frequently.
Notes on the title or background of a book.
This is a poem describing the hermit's interest in leisure life. Poetry uses words to create language and scenery (secluded, deep forest and bright moon), while writing people (sitting alone, playing the piano and whistling) is extremely unremarkable. However, its beauty lies in its natural and simple style, which depicts the fresh and attractive artistic conception of the secluded forest on a moonlit night, blends the scene into one, contains the special artistic charm of beauty, and has become a masterpiece through the ages. Playing the piano and whistling reflects the silence of the bamboo forest on a moonlit night, and the darkness of the deep forest is reflected by the light and shadow of the bright moon. The surface seems dull and seemingly casual, but in fact it is ingenious.
References:
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Wang Wei (70 1 -76 1) was born in Taiyuan, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, and was nicknamed "Shi Fo".
Wang Wei is well versed in Buddhism. Buddhism has a Vimalakīrti classic, which was told by Vimalakīrti to his disciples. Wang Wei admired it, so he called himself Wei, with the word "Momo".
In the ninth year of Kaiyuan (72 1), Wang Wei was a scholar and a great official. Immediately, he was involved in joining the army for Jeju treasurer because he was forbidden to jump the yellow lion in the department. In the 14th year of Kaiyuan (726), he resigned. Later, he was appointed as the right to collect the remains. In order to supervise the remonstrance, at the age of 40, he moved to the temple to preach remonstrance. At the end of Tianbao, An Lushan captured Chang 'an, and Wang Wei was coerced by An Lushan and became his courtiers. But he didn't want to. He writes poems to express his feelings. After the defeat of An Lushan, Wang Wei was pardoned and was named Prince Zhongyun, and later transferred to Shangshu Youcheng, hence the name "Wang Youcheng".
Wang Wei's poems, paintings and calligraphy are all famous and versatile. Music is also very proficient. He made great contributions to landscape painting and was called "the father of southern painting". Greatly influenced by Zen. He founded the School of Ink and Wash Landscape Painting, and besides, he is good at figures.
Su Shi commented on Wang Wei's poems: "Poems with charm have pictures; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " So far, this evaluation has been affirmed by scholars. Wang Wei is famous for his five-character poems and quatrains. There are two styles in Wang Wei's poems. The poems in the early stage mostly reflect the reality, while those in the later stage mostly depict pastoral landscapes. Wang Wei is also good at pastoral poetry.
Mount Emei Yuege
Lipper
In the autumn of the first half of Mount Emei, the Pingqiang River reflected.
In the evening, Qingxi went to the Three Gorges, but the four gentlemen did not see Yuzhou.
This poem was written by young Li Baichu when he was far away from Sichuan, with clear artistic conception, simple language and smooth rhyme.
The poem begins with "Emei Mountain Moon", pointing out that the season of traveling far away is in autumn. The word "autumn" is upside down at the end of the sentence because of its rhyme. Autumn is crisp and the moonlight is bright ("autumn moon is bright"). The word "autumn" also describes the beauty of moonlight, which is natural and wonderful. The moon is only "half a circle", which reminds people of the beautiful artistic conception of the castle peak spitting the moon. There is Pingqiang River in the northeast of Emei Mountain, now Qingyi River, which originates from Lushan County, Sichuan Province, flows to Leshan County and joins Minjiang River. The second sentence "shadow" refers to the shadow of the moon, and the verbs "enter" and "flow" form a linked predicate, indicating that the shadow of the moon is reflected into the river and goes with it. Life experience tells us that no matter how the river flows, the moon shadow in the water is fixed. "When the moon is gone, I will go." Only when the viewer goes down the river will he see the wonderful scenery of "shadow into the river" Therefore, this sentence not only describes the beautiful scenery of Qingjiang River reflected by the moon, but also describes the darkness of sailing in autumn night. Artistic conception can be described as ethereal and wonderful.
There is someone in the second sentence, and the person in the third sentence has appeared: he is leaving Qingxi Station overnight, entering the Minjiang River and heading for the Three Gorges. Young people who "go to the countryside with swords and shadows and leave their loved ones to travel far away" will be reluctant to leave their hometown. Seeing the moon on the river is like seeing an old friend. However, the bright moon is not an old friend after all. I can only "look up at the bright moon and send my feelings for thousands of miles." The last sentence, "I miss you, but I can't see Yuzhou", can be described as infinite separation.
Emei Mountain-Pingqiang River-Qingxi-Yuzhou-Three Gorges, the picturesque landscape gradually unfolds a picture of the Shu River for readers. Apart from the "Emei Mountain Moon", there is almost no more specific description of the scenery in the poem; Except for the word "four kings", there is no lyric. However, the artistic image of "Emei Mountain Moon" runs through the whole poetic realm and becomes a catalyst for poetic sentiment. It has rich implications: the mountains and the moon accompany Wan Li, which can be seen every night, making the feeling of "missing you" deeper and deeper. The bright moon is approachable and unattainable, which is a symbol of missing friends. Where there is a bright moon singing, where there is a feeling of missing friends in the river, which is intoxicating.
Originally, the expression of time and space changes in short quatrains is quite limited, so the general writing method is not to transcend time and space at the same time. The time and space span expressed in this poem is really free. There are five place names in twenty-eight words, and the word * * * is twelve, which is unique among the ten thousand quatrains in the Tang Dynasty. It means "four words in the place name are five, and the ancient and modern eyes are the last words, and they never tire of repeating them" (in Wang Linzhou's language). The reason is that the poet's experience of swimming in the river and his yearning for his friends are permeated in the poetic realm, and the symbolic artistic images of mountains and moons are everywhere, unifying a vast space and a long time. Secondly, the treatment of place names is also full of changes. "Emei Mountain Moon" and "Pingqiang River" are attached to the scenery by place names and are useless; "Faqingxi", "Xiangsanxia" and "Xiayuzhou" are all practical, but their positions in the sentence are also different. I can't feel the trace when I read it. It's wonderful in chemical engineering.