———1April 949
The slanting mountains are windy and rainy, and millions of heroes cross the river.
Tiger leaping dragon wins this evening, turning upside down and generous.
It is better to chase after the poor bandits with victory than to learn from the overlord.
If the sky is sentimental, it will grow old, and the right way in the world is vicissitudes.
To annotate ...
Zhongshan: Purple Mountain outside Zhongshan Gate in Nanjing.
On the Dragon Plate: Zhuge Liang and Sun Quan said Jinling in the History of the Three Kingdoms, "Zhong You is the dragon plate and Shicheng is the tiger."
Generosity: Cao Cao's "Short Songs" is "generous and unforgettable."
Chasing the enemy: In Sun Tzu's Art of War, there is a saying that "there must be a division that encircles the enemy (meaning leniency), and you must not force the enemy."
Overlord: refers to Xiang Yu, the overlord of the western Chu Dynasty. At the hongmen banquet, he listened to Xiang Bo. "Today's people attack its wickedness with great achievements", and he didn't kill Liu Bang. Later, Liu Bang and Xiang Yu fought bloody battles for many years, and finally agreed to divide the world with the gap as the boundary. Long live the peace fighters of both sides. Xiang Yu kept his promise and withdrew, but Liu Bang immediately besieged Xiang Yu in treachery, and his men even dismembered Wang Ba of Chu into five pieces. For the deeds, see Historical Records of Xiang Yu.
If the sky is affectionate, the sky is old: this is a poem by Li He, see the annotation of Picking Mulberry Seeds and Chongyang.
Vicissitudes: short words for vicissitudes. In Ge Hong's Fairy Tale Magu, Magu said to Wang, "Since the reception, I have seen three mulberry fields in the East China Sea."
Notes on the title or background of a book.
1On April 20th, 949, the Kuomintang refused to sign a peace agreement. That night, the People's Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River from Jiangyin, Jiangsu Province in the east and reached Hukou, Jiangxi Province in the west. On the evening of 23rd, the Third Field Army of East Road Chen Yi occupied Nanking. Mao Zedong was very excited when he heard the news. He wrote the famous "China People's Liberation Army occupied Nanjing". This poem is magnificent and powerful in language. It shows the confidence and determination of the People's Liberation Army to completely defeat the Kuomintang reactionaries, and expresses its belief in winning the liberation of China!
1April 2, 9491day, Mao Zedong and Zhu De jointly issued a national March order to the China People's Liberation Army: "We order you to March bravely, resolutely, thoroughly and cleanly, completely annihilate all Kuomintang reactionaries who dare to resist in China, liberate the people of the whole country and defend the independence and integrity of China's territorial sovereignty."
According to Mao Zedong and Zhu De's "Order to March to the Whole Country", the second and third field armies (formerly the Central Plains Liberation Army and the East China Field Army), under the unified command of Deng Xiaoping, secretary of the General Front Committee, braved the wind and waves and crossed the river in three ways on the thousand-mile front from Hukou, Jiangxi Province in the west to Jiangyin in the east. The long-term and painstaking defense of the Yangtze River by the Kuomintang collapsed in an instant.
On April 23, the People's Liberation Army occupied Nanjing, the ruling center of the Kuomintang. The next afternoon, "Chairman Mao got up and came to the pavilion in the yard with the People's Daily extra in his hand. He sat on a cane chair reading a newspaper. Because the newspaper published the news that the People's Liberation Army occupied Nanjing, he was very happy to read the newspaper. After reading the newspaper, he returned to the office without walking in the yard or talking to anyone. I read the newspaper again in the office and drew some bars and circles on it while reading it. "After reading the newspaper, he wrote a congratulatory message to Deng Xiaoping and Liu Bocheng, and also wrote the Seven Laws Collection? The People's Liberation Army occupied Nanjing.
"It is better to chase after and fight hard than to learn from the overlord." These two sentences clearly expressed Mao Zedong's determination to carry out the revolution to the end.
"It is advisable to win the battle and chase the poor bandits" is the "seven laws? The main purpose of the People's Liberation Army's occupation of Nanjing.
As early as New Year's Day in 1949, Chiang Kai-shek issued a New Year's Proclamation, proposing to retain the so-called preconditions such as "constitution", "legal system" and "national army", demanding peace talks with China, and promoting peace talks with China by "actively stepping down".
It is in this context that some people in China have unrealistic fantasies. Some bourgeois elements of the middle class, the upper class and the lower class are afraid that the further development of the revolution will harm their interests, and hope that the revolution will stop there or take a moderate color. Some bourgeois right-wingers want the producers to "immediately stop the Great Revolutionary War" and oppose "eliminating all evils". There are all kinds of discussions about hunger in the world, and it seems that the revolutionary struggle of the people of China should be stopped.
19481On February 30th, Mao Zedong wrote a New Year message for Xinhua News Agency entitled "Carry the Revolution to the End". Mao Zedong pointedly pointed out in his dedication speech: "There is indeed such a' KMT liberal' or' non-KMT liberal'. They advised the people of China to accept the "peace" of the United States and the Kuomintang, that is, to support imperialism, feudalism and bureaucracy in spirit, so as to avoid the extinction of these treasures in the world. " "Let the Kuomintang seize the opportunity of trauma, and then rush in the morning to stifle the revolution and let the whole country return to the dark world."
Mao Zedong made it clear that "the people of China will never pity a villain like a snake". "Besides, the big snakes, small snakes, black snakes, fangs snakes and women disguised as men who are entrenched on the land of China have already felt the threat of winter, but they have not frozen yet!"
In fact, "when the People's Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River in the south, there were still 2.04 million Kuomintang troops, controlling 58% of the population, 63% of the cities and 73% of the land area of China. Also injured in Qingdao and other places are warships and marine corps from the United States, Britain and other countries. "
Therefore, Mao Zedong called on the people to "resolutely, thoroughly and completely destroy all reactionary forces by revolutionary methods, and unswervingly persist in overthrowing imperialism, feudalism, bureaucratic capitalism and the reactionary rule of the Kuomintang throughout the country".
In a word, it is necessary to "pursue hard."
In order to enhance the revolutionary consciousness of the revolutionary people that "it is right to win the battle against the poor bandits" and "to carry the revolution through to the end", the poet borrowed the words of Li He, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, "If the sky is affectionate, the sky will be old", and further sublimated the revolutionary idea that "it is right to win the battle against the poor bandits" to a philosophical height. It also explains the philosophy that "the right path in the world is vicissitudes of life", which makes it irrefutable to "defeat the poor and bandits".
1964 1 27, Mao Zedong commented that "the sky is old if there is affection" and said, "This is a sentence borrowed from Li He. Compared with the world, the sky is not old. " "Heaven is nature", "Nature and human society have the same process of occurrence and extinction".
Yes, the sky refers to nature as well as human society. Nature, human society, space and everything are always in a state of development and change, which is a ruthless and cruel objective law that is not transferred by human will.
"If it is sentimental, it will grow old", and Mao Zedong here means that it is not sentimental and it is not old. Yes, the sky is ruthless, so it will never age, never stop developing, never stop moving and never stop changing.
"The right path on earth is vicissitudes" is the conclusion.
It is precisely because of the vicissitudes of life that human society is developing, moving and changing endlessly. This is the "correct way of life", which is the eternal law of human society.
Because "the right path on earth is vicissitudes of life", the revolutionary people must "be brave in chasing the poor bandits"; Therefore, the revolutionary people must "carry the revolution to the end".
Mao Zedong is an expert in constant revolution. "The seven laws? The People's Liberation Army's occupation of Nanjing is the historical clarion call of "March to the whole country" once again sounded by Mao Zedong in poetic language.