Ability does not happen overnight, it needs long-term edification and learning. It involves not only personal preferences and aesthetic orientation, but also cultural literacy, social common sense, history and other levels of knowledge. I'll give you a small example here: whenever I see a cultural relic expert admiring an antique with a skillful eye, I admire it very much, because I know that their evaluation is not just based on intuition, but how many cultural skills and knowledge are included in that sharp eye!
Song appreciation
Music appreciation is also cultivated. At first, when we can't help liking a good song or beautiful music, we will be interested in music. It's natural to have interest, because there are many songs and music around us. Music with distinct rhythm and beautiful melody can be seen everywhere, filling our lives. However, the cultivation of interest requires painstaking efforts and cannot be achieved overnight. For those abstruse and complicated music, appreciation requires corresponding knowledge and cultivation, such as Song of the Wind by Cai Wenji in Han Dynasty, Eighteen Beats of Hu Jia, Three Stories of Yangguan by Wang Wei in Tang Dynasty and Nostalgia for Red Cliff by Su Shi in Song Dynasty. Appreciation of these songs is not so common, but vocal music and instrumental music adapted from these tunes will be heard at some concerts of vocal music and instrumental music. If you don't know why they were born, you can't appreciate them well. These pieces of music have a rich historical background, and the lyrics and composers are also unusual. Appreciating these songs, in a sense, is to look back on history and recall the past. Without an understanding of the social environment and humanistic thought of that era, it is difficult to empathize with it, thus reducing the taste of listening to and appreciating it. Music is the imprint of social life and the image of life, and its melody is full of images of the times and people's inner voices. Every song may be a complete story, a touching story, or tragic, or sad, or euphemistic ... Even China's modern art songs are no exception, such as Teach me how to think of him (Liu Bannong's Ci, Qu), I live at the head of the Yangtze River (Li Zhiyi's Ci, Qing Zhu Qu in Song Dynasty) and Three Wishes Rose (Qilong Ci, Qu). The song remains unchanged, time flies, and the eventful years will always be remembered.
There are also many reserved tracks of foreign art songs, especially 18 and 19 century classical art songs, such as Mozart's longing for spring; Schubert's lullaby Trout and the Devil; Mendelssohn's On Singing Wings; Rachmaninov's Spring Tide, etc. , are well-known and enduring masterpieces. Not only the melody is beautiful and moving, but also the piano accompaniment is exquisite, and the harmony and texture are very elegant, which has become an important part of appreciating the works of these masters. Let me give an example of Schubert here. Schubert likes to compose music for Goethe's poems. A talented musician and a great poet blended together to create the song devil. In this song, Schubert positioned four roles in different tones: the seductive devil, the frightened child, the strong father and the calm narrator. This song has created an artistic miracle, peculiar imagination, rich stories, patchwork singing and wonderful accompaniment, which is intoxicating and beautiful.
Song appreciation is usually a category that interests us. Although there are many kinds, it is easy to understand because of the short space, simple melody structure and the assistance of lyrics, while other works, such as chamber music, are difficult to appreciate.
Appreciation of chamber music
When we appreciate chamber music, we must first understand its production. Chamber music existed long before the Renaissance in Europe. The earliest chamber music refers to the music played and sung by princes and nobles in the grand living room of the palace or nobles, which is mainly different from the formal and grand religious music played in churches, theaters and squares. Early chamber music was mainly played with lute (a plucked instrument), harpsichord (plucked clavichord) and some orchestral instruments. The repertoire is some religious and secular vocal and instrumental music, but it is relatively simple and gradually enriched during the Baroque period. Generally, violin, flute and oboe are used to play high notes, cello and bassoon are used to play low notes, and lute and harpsichord are used to play alto harmony and flowing accompaniment texture, which is much more delicate and rich than in the early days.
In the late Baroque period, the Austrian composer Haydn (1732- 1809), known as "the father of symphony" and "the father of string quartet", endowed chamber music with new vitality and enriched and developed this form. He established the typical performance form of string quartet and made it the most common performance form of chamber music. Before that, the establishment of court bands was not fixed. One is to choose musical instruments according to the likes and dislikes of dignitaries, and the other is to create according to the existing conditions. As a leader in classical music creation, Haydn is a master of baroque music, and has written more than 80 string quartets, second only to his symphonies (/kloc-more than 0/00). In Haydn's early string quartet (1755-1760), the trend of five movements is obvious, which is mainly influenced by Bach, the master of Baroque period. In his English Suite and French Suite, Bach takes all kinds of dance music as the main components of these suites: for example, Allemand originated from German folk dance and is fluent; Courante originated from French dance; The minuet originated from the beautiful and elegant court dance in France. Salabande is a slow and implicit dance in Spain, which originated in the East. "Gavit" is often accompanied by "Musette" that imitates bagpipes. Therefore, in Bach's primary piano music collection (commonly known as "Little Bach"), there are often different names for 13 dance music in different periods. Sometimes it's called bagpipe dance, sometimes it's called Gavit dance, and sometimes it's called Muset dance. In addition, there is the dance music "Polonaise" from the famous Polish folk dance; The cheerful dance music Bourree and the passionate dance music Gigue usually end the suite. The dance music of these European countries mentioned above is different in mood, speed and style, so it often appears as the common material of suites in the performance of chamber music. Of course, with the continuous development, overtures, marches and so on. It was added later, which made the theme of chamber music more extensive.