What I want to explain here is that this is determined by the form of poetry, not by the time of writing. For example, ancient poems written by contemporary people are also ancient poems. Among them, "ancient poetry" mainly includes ancient poetry, Chu ci, Yuefu, Qu, Xing, Qu, ancient style and other forms, with fewer sentence patterns of three, four, five, six and seven, and more words, which is more free than modern poetry. As a mature form of poetry, "Modern Poetry" is a metrical poem formed in the Tang Dynasty, which mainly has four forms: five sentences, five rhythms, seven sentences and seven rhythms. Its number of words, sentences, fluency and rhyme are all regulated, which can be described as "dancing in chains".
The writing of ancient poetry we are talking about today is mainly aimed at modern poetry, because it is the mainstream of Tang poetry and the main form of poetry we see. There are several points to note about how to write:
First, set a good theme. Like composition, before you start writing, you should first think about what to express, that is, the theme and ideas, whether to write about scenery, people, events or feelings. The level of conception determines the height of poetry to a certain extent.
Second, the selected genre. Are we going to write quatrains or metrical poems, five words or seven words? If there is less content, you can choose five sentences and seven sentences, if there is more content, you can choose five sentences and seven sentences, and if it is long, you can choose to arrange music.
Third, think about rhyme. Poetry is beautiful to some extent because of its rhyme, that is, it is beautiful to read, and it can be composed and sung. The last word of the second and fourth quatrains must rhyme (the last word of the first sentence can be pledged or not), and the second, fourth, sixth and eighth sentences that rhyme must rhyme (the last word of the first sentence can be pledged or not). The common rhyme is an/ang/u/ing/i, and the rare rhyme is v/ie/o/ei/ue.
Fourth, follow the level. In ancient poetry, in order to make the tone harmonious, yin and yang ponder and the phonology comfortable, words with different tones are used in sentences to adjust each other, which is called "flat tone". I think the most difficult thing in poetry writing is leveling, because the pronunciation of many words is very different from that in the past. Flat tones are divided into flat tones, rising tones, falling tones and entering tones, including rising tones, falling tones and entering tones. Now it's level tone, up tone, up tone and into tone. Generally speaking, among the four tones of modern Chinese, one and two are Guping tones, and three and four are Guping tones (too complicated.
Fifth, pay attention to confrontation. There are eight rhymes, which are called the first couplet, the parallel couplet, the neck couplet and the tail couplet. Among them, coordinate couplets and neck couplets, that is, the two couplets in the middle, must be right (that is, pairs), color to color, logarithm to number, noun to noun, adverb to adverb. For example, the couplet of Wang Wei's five laws "To the Fortress" says that the desert is lonely and straight, and the long river sets the yen. Du Fu's seven-law "Ascending the Mountain" couplet: leaves fall like the spray of a waterfall, while I watch the long river roll forward all the time.
Sixth, the scene blends. A good poem should be full of emotion in the scenery, lyrical in the scenery and integrated with the scenery, that is, the perfect unity of scenery writing and lyricism, that is, "all scenery words are sentimental", "climbing mountains is full of emotion, watching the sea is full of emotion". For example, when we see "there is such a bright line at the foot of my bed", we may show homesickness; See "Guan Guan's dove, in Hezhou." May think of love between men and women; See "The black magpie flies south and turns around the tree three times." You may think of wanting talents; See "Chunshu in Weibei, Twilight in Jiangdong." May think of friends far away; Seeing the "sunset" may produce a sense of wandering.
Seven, borrow images. Choosing the right things to express feelings in poetry, such as Zigui, ape-crying, peach blossom, flowing water, bright moon and sunset, will all arouse readers' different feelings, such as Mo Mei in Wang Mian's works, "Don't praise lewdness, only leave dry Kun in the air." Lime written by Yu Qian, "I'm not afraid of broken bones, I want to stay innocent in the world." Zheng Xie's bamboo stone is "tempered, and there must be wind in the east, west, north and south." The chrysanthemum in Tao Yuanming's works, "under the hedge of picking chrysanthemums, you can see Nanshan leisurely." Li Bai's moon, "I sang. The moon encourages me and I dance. My shadow is rolling in the back. "It is the author who realizes his emotional sustenance through these images.
Eight, make good use of rhetoric. Rhetoric is a good expression of language proficiency. From "Fu, Bi and Xing", which originated from the Book of Songs, to the common rhetoric such as personification, metaphor, exaggeration, synaesthesia, repetition, symbol and metonymy, it added luster to poetry. For example, personification, "Candles have a heart to say goodbye and cry for others until dawn." For example, "I don't know who cut the thin leaves, and the spring breeze in February is like scissors." For example, this symbol, "Silkworms in spring will weave until they die, and candles will drain the wick every night." For example, exaggeration, "Flying down three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has fallen for nine days." For example, metonymy, "Hum, whisper-and then mix them together, just like pouring large and small pearls into a plate of jade."
Nine, use the code. Ancient celebrities and hermits left many stories and legends, and the use of these allusions can well reflect the author's knowledge and cultivation. For example, "Zhuang Mengdie, Wang Chunxin sings Juan", such as "homesickness sings flute fu, and going to hometown is like rotting people." For example, "Feng Tang is easy to get old, but Li Guang is hard to seal." For example, "Jiang E sings bamboo, worries, and Li Xi Hua." For example, "Dongfeng is not convenient for Zhou Lang, and Tongque locks Er Qiao in spring."
Ten, the realm is high. Wang Guowei mentioned in "Words on Earth" that the great cause of ancient and modern times, the questioner of the university, must pass through three realms (first, the west wind withered the green trees last night, alone on the tall building, looking at the horizon. Second, the belt is getting wider and wider, and there is no regret, which makes people haggard for Iraq. Third, the crowd searched for him for thousands of Baidu, and suddenly looking back, the man was in the dim light. This is the same as writing poetry, and we must pursue lofty and profound artistic conception. From "Have My Realm" (Tears are silent for flowers and redder than swings. Reach the "realm without me" (lying and watching the clouds all over the sky motionless, I don't know if the clouds are in my east. )。
Finally, taking spring, summer, autumn and winter as an example, the five unique skills, five methods, seven unique skills and seven methods are illustrated respectively.
Five unique acacia species
Wang Wei
Red bean shrubs grow in the south and produce many branches in spring.
People who want to miss them collect more, and Mix red beans have attracted people's attention.
Five laws into Joye West
Wang Ji
What's average? Empty water.
The afterglow of the sunset rises from the distant mountains, and the sun shines on the winding water.
The cicadas are singing, and the Woods are particularly quiet; The singing of birds in the mountains is more beautiful than usual.
This place has given me a hermit's heart. I'm tired of my official career but I'm not retired and sad.
Seven Wonders Mid-Autumn Festival
Su Shi
The twilight clouds are cold, and the silver-haired people silently turn to the tracts.
It's not a good night in my life, so I won't see the bright moon next year.
Lu Qishan Xiao Yuan mei
Limbu
Flowers withered, unique plum blossoms swept out against the wind, and the scenery of the small park was beautiful.
"Mottled shadows hang obliquely on the clear shallow water, and their fragrance spreads peacefully in the moonlight dusk."
Cold birds want to fly, first glimpse plum blossoms; Butterflies will be enchanting if they know the beauty of plum blossoms.
Fortunately, there are micro-songs to compare, and there is no need for sandalwood gold statues.