Long Songs is a classical poem of China, which belongs to the Han Yuefu Poetry, and it is a famous piece that exhorts the world to cherish the time and forge ahead. Let's share the original text and appreciation of the long songs and ancient poems for everyone. Welcome to comment!
Long Song Line
Han Dynasty: Anonymous
Kwai in Qingqing Garden, exposed to the sun.
in the spring, everything is brilliant.
I'm always afraid that the autumn festival will come, and the yellow flowers will wither.
when will a hundred rivers go east to the sea and return to the west?
if the young don't work hard, the old will be sad!
translation
The sunflower in the garden is lush and green, and it rises in the crystal sunshine.
Spring has spread hope all over the earth, and everything is flourishing.
I'm always afraid that the cold autumn will come, and the leaves will fall yellow and the grass will wither.
A hundred rivers rush eastward to the sea. When can they return to the west?
if young people don't work hard in time, they will only regret for life when they get old.
Note
(1) Long lines: the title of Han Yuefu. This poem is selected from Volume 3 of Yuefu Poems, which belongs to the genus and is a flat tune in the lyrics.
(2) sunflower: as a vegetable name, sunflower refers to one of the important vegetables in ancient China. "Book of Songs, Wind and July": "In July, Hengkui and Qi." Li Shizhen's Compendium of Materia Medica says, "Sunflower is a common food in ancient times, but it is quite fresh today. There are purple stems and white stems, and white stems are the best. Small flowers with big leaves and purplish yellow flowers, and the smallest one is called duck's foot sunflower. In fact, it is as big as the top of the finger, the skin is thin and flat, and the real wife is as light as a pod. " The poem "Kwai in the Green Garden" refers to this.
(3) morning dew: morning dew. Xi: Dawn means sunshine.
(4) "Yangchun" sentence: Yang is gentle. Yangchun is a time when there is plenty of dew and sunshine. Both dew and sunshine are needed by plants and are the blessings of nature, which is called "Deze". B: Give. Deze: Grace.
(5) autumn festival: autumn.
[6] yellow: describes the withered and yellow appearance of vegetation. Hua (huā): the same as "flower". Decline: when you say and read "Cu Ι", because there was no sound of "shuāi" in ancient times; When it comes to reading shuāi, according to "Ancient Chinese" published by Chinese Language Publishing House, except for the standard pronunciation of Mandarin, any other reading method is not advisable.
(7) Hundreds of rivers: big rivers.
being young: being young and vigorous, which refers to adolescence.
⑼ boss: old age, old age. ACTS: For nothing.
Appreciation
This poem starts with "the sunflower in the garden", and then the water flows to the sea and never comes back. For example, it shows that time is like running water, which never comes back. Finally, we should persuade people to cherish their youth, work hard, and don't wait until they are old to regret. This poem uses things to make sense. First of all, it uses sunflower in the garden as a metaphor, and "green" means its lush growth. In fact, under the sunshine and rain in the whole spring, everything is scrambling to grow. Because they are all afraid that autumn will come soon, and they know the truth that autumn wind will wither a hundred herbs. The rhythm of life in nature is like this, and so is life. If a person doesn't work hard while taking advantage of the good times, let his youth be wasted in vain, and it will be too late to regret when he is old. This poem thinks that life is fleeting from the beauty of youth in front of us, encouraging young people to cherish time, making warnings and urging people to rise.
This is a song about life. Singing life starts from the sunflower in the garden, which is called "supporting things to arouse interest" in writing, that is, "saying other things first to cause the words to be sung" In the spring morning, the sunflower in the garden is slim and graceful, with dew rolling on the green leaves and shining in the morning sun, like a teenager full of youthful vitality. The poet extended it from the vigorous growth of sunflower in the garden and wrote about the whole nature. Because of the sunshine and rain in spring, everything is shining with the brilliance of life, and there are full of vitality and prosperity everywhere. These four sentences are literally a tribute to spring. In fact, they are compared with people, and they are the most precious thing in life-a hymn to youth. Life is full of youthful vitality, just like spring in all seasons. In this way, it also has metaphorical meaning in writing, that is, the so-called "Xing and Bi".
The time sequence of nature is constantly changing. In a blink of an eye, when we go to Qiu Lai in spring, the sunflower and everything in the garden experience spring growth and summer growth. In autumn, they mature, and the once radiant leaves turn brown and wither, losing their vitality. So does life. They grow up from youth and die of old age. This is an immutable law of nature. The poet used "always afraid of the autumn festival" to express his fleeting treasure of "youth", and one of the words "fear" showed that people were powerless to the laws of nature and the youth was inevitable to wither. Then it is associated with the endless time and infinite space of the universe from the change of time series. Time is like a river that dies in the east and never returns. According to the time scale, people's life can't be revived after old age. In the face of this eternal nature, life is like the morning dew on the leaves, which is dried at the sight of the sun, just like the green sunflower leaves wither in the autumn wind. Poetry changed from exploring the universe to thinking about the value of life, and finally came up with the deafening conclusion that "young people don't work hard, but the old ones are sad", ending the whole poem. This reasoning process is not written literally, but readers can follow the poet's thinking track and make up for it with their own life experiences: everything in nature has a process of blossom and autumn; Life is also a process in which teenagers work hard and achieve something in their old age. Everything in nature can bear fruit in autumn as long as there is sunshine and rain, but people are different; You can't succeed without your own efforts. Everything declines in autumn, but it realizes the value of life, so it is not sad; People, on the other hand, are not successful because they are "young and don't work hard", which is equivalent to walking around the world in vain. Mobilizing readers to think is undoubtedly better than replacing readers to think.
It is precisely because of this that this poem avoids the life sermon that is easy to be boring, and makes the final epigram look powerful, deep and implicit, like Hong Zhong's long-lasting sound, which deeply touches the readers' hearts. The word "ACTS" at the end of the sentence is meaningful: First, it is said that the boss has accomplished nothing, and life is equal to waste; Second, it will not help to wake up when you are old, but you can't help it, which is intended to emphasize the need to work hard in time.
Famous experts commented on
Chen Ruoming's Selected Ancient Poems from Caijitang in Qing Dynasty: "The words of exhortation will last forever."
Wu Qi's Poems Selected in Six Dynasties in Qing Dynasty: "It's all about the shortcomings of time and the length of writing. People have a day, a year and a lifetime. One day in Korea, one year in spring, and one life in youth. At the third time, people think it's long while playing is short, and they think it's short and diligent practice is long. ..... If you are willing to abandon yourself, it means that there will be a future without repairing today, and there will be a coming year without repairing this year. It is day after day, year after year, and Ran Ran is old, just like passing water to the sea. Is there a day to return to the west? It's not sad to abandon the treasure lightly! "
The Interpretation of Ancient Tang Poems by Yao Wang Qu in Qing Dynasty: "Spring and Buze make everything shine; The autumn festival is coming, but the Chinese leaves are fading, and their color is yellow. It's hard to be in the prime of life, but it's not enough! Therefore, it is in vain to compare the death of a hundred rivers in the east and the return to the west, and sigh for the young and the young, to the boss and to the injured. "
Creation background
Yuefu is an ancient music organ, which was established by the imperial court to manage music since the Qin Dynasty. The Yuefu Order was established in the Western Han Dynasty in 112 BC, and it was formally established during the period of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty. It collected and compiled the folk music of Han people from all over the country, arranged, adapted and created music, and sang and performed. It not only sings the poems of the literati, but also undertakes the task of collecting folk songs. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, it was expanded on a large scale, and a large number of poems were collected from the people, with rich contents and a wide range of themes. This poem is one of Han Yuefu's poems. There are three ancient poems * * * in Long Songs, and this poem is the first one, which was first seen in Xiao Tong's Selected Works. Zhang Yugu believes that "this poem of police abandoning learning".