"I take a long breath to hide my tears and lament the hardships of people's lives", which shows the poet's extremely depressed and difficult mood and sets the tone for the following emotional expression. "Although I am good at repairing my love, ... I also apply", writing about my unfair treatment, the reason is that I pay too much attention to self-cultivation! From this, we can see the sharp conflict between Qu Yuan and the surrounding clique, as well as the fatuity, disregard for morality, ignorance, loyalty and treachery of the monarch. In this regard, the author firmly said: "My heart is also good. Although I died nine times, I still have no regrets."
"Many women are jealous of the beauty of others ... competing for profits with others", which is about the framed by small people and the corruption of the surrounding atmosphere. The words "many women" and "popular customs" show that the social environment at that time was chaotic, and people's behavior had no norms and standards, but they were opportunistic and eager to please. Faced with such a dirty and hopeless environment, the author broke into a painful and helpless sigh: "I am only pitiful at this time." "One" and "Yu Yi" both mean sadness and boredom. The combination of the two shows the author's deep sadness. In the Qing Dynasty, Zhu Ji said in Li Sao Bian: "This sentence is endless. In the words "Du" and "Ye", Dr. Guy imagines that he is full of love and blood.
Then, "Birds of prey don't live in groups, ... and husbands live in peace with each other in different ways", further pointing out that the contradiction between themselves and small groups is irreconcilable, and the so-called "different ways do not seek common ground". After clarifying the reasons why they were not allowed to live in the imperial court, they "bowed their hearts and suppressed their ambitions, and endured their anger and abuse." Although depressed, the mood tends to be stable. This shows that the author is an example of previous people, and also reveals an important source of the author's spiritual strength. In Historical Records Biography of Qu Yuan and Jia Sheng, Qu Yuan said that he was "knowledgeable, strong-willed, and good at dealing with chaos", while Li Sao also quoted a lot of poetic history or legendary materials, which shows that the author is very familiar with history, and the wise monarch and minister in his previous life are living examples of guiding him to pursue progressive political ideals.
After learning from a painful experience, the author has doubts about his previous behavior. He regrets that he didn't understand the situation clearly and chose the right path. It's not too late to get out now! Of course, going from advance to retreat is an inner struggle and struggle. The words "delay", "step" and "stop" let us see the image of a hesitant, hesitant and puzzling poet. The meanings of "Gao Lan" and "Jiaoshan" are just like what Lu Yanji said in the Tang Dynasty: "Stop Yilan pepper and don't forget to clean yourself." Finally, the poet had a clear idea. "Repairing" and "taking clothes for the first time", no matter what the reason you are accused of, are just that you are too "easy to repair", which is stubborn regardless of utilitarian gains and losses. The following "Make clothes for the lotus, make clothes for the lotus, ... Fang Feifei's Seal describes the nobility of his clothes from all aspects. The author describes all kinds of clothes in a complicated way, which is intended to show his strictness in cultivation. Reading, these poems give people infinite solemn. "Looking at the four wastes in the future" corresponds to the previous "homecoming". Finally, the author once again reiterated that he was "used to practicing independently". The word "independence" shows the author's conscious attitude that his principles are correct, and he is willing to pay the price for it with a little pride. "Although the body has not changed, there is still room for punishment", and I believe in myself until I die.
For this part, we should grasp the following points:
(1) The contradiction between Qu Yuan and Chu Huaiwang. Chu Huaiwang, whether smart or stupid, has no definite view and is easy to listen to the provocations of small groups around him. Related verse: "I resent the mighty spirit of practicing, but I have never seen the hearts of my husband and the people."
(2) The contradiction between Qu Yuan and his ministers (mainly referring to the old nobles of Chu). The ministers were jealous of talents and wantonly vilified Qu Yuan. They are opportunistic and unprincipled. Related poem: "Many women are jealous of moths and eyebrows, and ... compete with Zhou Rong."
(3) The root of the contradiction between Qu Yuan and the King of Chu and his ministers. Qu Yuan's ideal of "beautiful politics" is to "cultivate talents and empower them, not follow the line and ink", which is the fundamental reason why he hit a wall in reality. "Cultivating talents and empowering people" means appointing people on their merits, opposing the nobles in the world and limiting the monopoly of power; "Doing nothing according to law" means perfecting statutes and limiting the privileges of old nobles. This greatly violated the interests of the old nobles in Chu. Qu Yuan realized the dangerous situation of Chu State, and knew that only by reforming politics could Chu State become rich and strong and compete with Qiang Qin. He is preoccupied with the future of the country, while his ministers only care about their own immediate interests, which forms a sharp contradiction. Chu Huaiwang is fatuous and shallow, and can't stand being provoked by villains. He can't accept his point of view, nor can he alienate himself.
④ Qu Yuan's character and spirit. Qu Yuan lived a clean and honest life, never colluded with people around him, and vowed to uphold the truth and defend his ideals. Related verse: "Everyone has his own happiness, … how can I be punished?" "I'd rather die in exile, but I can't bear it!" "I am also kind in my heart, and ... I am thicker than the former saint."
Second, the problem exploration
1. In this excerpt, in the first section, I said, "I am kind-hearted, although I died nine times, I still have no regrets", "I am innocent when I died, and I was a saint before", and in the second section, I went on to say, "I regret not obeying the truth, being slow to respond, and I got back to the car and started again, fascinated by it". Is it inconsistent?
In the first section, it is written that the poet was framed by a villain because he took the right path and did not go with the flow. As a result, the monarch did not distinguish between right and wrong and alienated him. Although he was hit hard from all directions, his will became stronger and he lost the idea of flexibility and retreat. "He is also kind at heart, although he died nine times without regret." "He was naive and straightforward when he died, and heavy when he was holy in his previous life" is the confession of this kind of mind. No longer be aggressive in political activities and seek change. "If you regret not following each other's way, you will oppose me. If you go back to my car, you will go back to the road. You won't go far. " As far as the advance and retreat in political activities are concerned, it does not mean that the poet has given up his ethics. Therefore, there is no contradiction between before and after.
2. What means does this poem use to enhance the sense of rhythm and musicality?
1 rhymes. According to the ancient phonology, Lisao rhymes every other sentence. For example, "although I am good at repairing my love, I am eager to replace it in the evening." I not only replace it with my love, but also apply for it. "Substitution" and "love" rhyme; "It is smart to stick to the rules, but correct mistakes according to the rules; Pursuing music with ink on the back, striving for the beauty of the week, "wrong" and "degree" have the same rhyme.
The word "Xi" is widely used in sentences. The word "Xi" is an auxiliary word and has no practical significance. In this poem, two sentences are usually combined to express a complete meaning, and "Xi" is used between the upper and lower sentences, which increases the pause and enhances the sense of rhythm of the poem.
Use many opposing sentences. See the antithesis in the third question "Discussion and Practice".
④ Use disyllabic words and disyllabic words. For example, Jimmy, Yu Yi and Luli are disyllabic words, while instability and Feifei are disyllabic words.