Lisao, selected from Songs of the South, is the most important work of Qu Yuan. Li Sao, the ancients generally have two statements. Ban Gu explained it as suffering. He said: "Leaving is still suffering; Sao, excellent, and I am worried. " Wang Yi, on the other hand, thinks this is the sadness of parting. He said: "Leave, don't leave; Sao, hey. " Now most people use Ban Gu's words.
Qu Yuan, Ziping, was a native of Chu at the end of the Warring States Period. Born in about 340 BC, he died in 278 BC. He is a nobleman with the same surname as the king of Chu. Qu Yuan's "extensive knowledge and strong memory, knowing how to control chaos and being good at rhetoric". When he was in Chu Huaiwang, he was a leftist. "When he came in, he discussed state affairs with the king and issued orders; When you go out, meet the guests and deal with the affairs of the princes. Wang is willing to do it. "Later, he also worked as a doctor in San Lv. Qu Yuan has lofty political ideals. In internal affairs, it advocates promoting talents and cultivating statutes; In diplomacy, he advocated uniting Chyi Chin and unifying the six countries. Qu Yuan's thoughts and actions of reforming politics violated the interests of the aristocratic conservatives in Chu and were opposed by them. Due to the provocation and greed of the fatuous Wang Huai, Qu Yuan was finally alienated by them. He was detained in Qin and Chu acceded to the throne, and took his disciple Lan as his wife, making himself a vassal to Qin. Because of their jealousy, Qu Yuan was exiled to Jiangnan for a long time. In 278 BC, Ying City of Chu State was captured by Qin State, and fell into a crisis of collapse. Qu Yuan was angry and depressed, and died in the Miluo River. Legend has it that it is on the fifth day of May.
Qu Yuan has a profound and extensive cultural accomplishment. He absorbed various theories such as Confucianism and Legalism in the north at that time. He also attached importance to his own folk songs and music, and his important work "Nine Songs" was re-created by him according to the ceremony of folk sacrifice and the joy of singing and dancing. On the basis of Chu culture tradition and influenced by northern culture, Qu Yuan created new poems in Sao style and became the first great romantic poet in China literature history. His works are clear about love and hate, full of patriotic passion, showing the pursuit of ideals and noble sentiments of not colluding with the secular. His main works include Li Sao, Nine Songs, Nine Chapters, Tian Wen and Evocation. Liu Xiangzeng compiled The Songs of Chu in the Han Dynasty, which has been passed down to this day.
Now the original record is as follows:
Lisao
Emperor Levin is a descendant of Miao nationality, and I am the emperor Kao Boyong. I went to Meng Xi with my virginity, but Geng Yin and I surrendered. Only Geng Yan and I will surrender. The emperor looked at Yu Chu-and Zhao Xiyu had a good name: Yu Zhengzi and Yu Yueling.
I have both inner beauty and self-cultivation ability. Hu Jiang left with Bi, thinking that she was admirable. If I am not as good as me, I am afraid that my age is not with me. Mulan Xi in the morning and maize in the evening. The sun and the moon suddenly don't flood, and the spring and autumn have successively. But the vegetation is scattered, and I am afraid that the beauty will come late. Do not cherish the strong, abandon filth, why not change this degree? Take the horse galloping, come to my way first!
The purity of the past and the future is where all the fragrance lies. Pepper and mushrooms mixed together, how to be a husband? Shun's Geng Jiexi, both by the way and by the way. What makes you arrogant? Your husband is just a shortcut! Only the husband is happy, and the road is dangerous. I'm afraid of the rest of my body and the failure of the emperor. Suddenly ran to Xi, and the heel of the former king. I don't care how I feel, but I get angry when I believe it. Gu Yu knew it was painful, but he couldn't give up. It means nine days of righteousness, and the husband is only spiritual. At dusk, I took a different road and walked to the middle of the road. At first, I talked to Yu Chengyan, and I regretted having him. I am not reluctant to leave, and how much spirituality I have hurt.
To be continued.
Reading and typing, as a refreshing agent when reviewing, have heavy eyelids and continue tomorrow. ...
I am not only a nine-acre orchid, but also a hundred-acre tree. Stay abroad, expose the car, Du Heng and local chronicles are mixed. The branches and leaves of the wings are very thick. I hope I can mow them when I am ready. Although it is withered, it is harmless and mourns the filth of the public.
Everyone is greedy and eager to seek. In Qiang, I forgive myself for judging others, and I envy each other. That's not what I'm worried about. Old Ran Ran came, and he was afraid that his name would not be established. Drink Mulan dew in the morning, but eat autumn chrysanthemum in the evening. With more love and trust, you can practice what you want to do, and it hurts when you grow up. Take the root of wood to knot, penetrate the falling core of Ficus pumila, cultivate laurel with thread, and seek the perfection of Hu Sheng. I'm not asking the secular to obey my Buddhism. Although I am not good at this, I am willing to follow Peng Xian's legacy. Take a long breath to hide your tears and mourn the hardships of people's lives. Although I am good at mending clothes, I am embarrassed by them and I am eager to change them at night. This is both a pity for Yu and a petition for it. For the ideal cherished in my heart, I will not regret it a thousand times. The resentment of practice is mighty and will never be seen by the people. Many women are jealous of Yu's beauty. They say Yu is good at prostitution. It is wise to stick to the rules, but correct your mistakes according to the rules. Chasing after Song with ink rope, and competing with each other. I am so depressed and poor at this time! I'd rather die in exile, but I can't bear it! Raptors are not crowded because of their previous lives. He Fangyuan can be Zhou Xi, but her husband is not as peaceful! Curse your heart, suppress your ambitions, but be particularly tolerant and angry. Be innocent, die straight, and be thicker than the former sanctuary.
Regret not keeping the way, and it will be reversed after a delay. I can't get back to the road until I get back to my car, and the journey is not far away. After a long walk, the horse arrived in Xi, Gao Lan, and Pepper Mountain didn't stop. I'll leave you if I can't get in. If you retreat, you will resume your first service. Making lotus is making clothes, and picking hibiscus is making clothes. I don't know. It's embarrassing. I feel like I believe it. High risk is at stake, and Pei is far away. Fang and Ze were mixed, but they didn't lose. If you suddenly swim back, you will see four shortcomings. Pei is colorful, not a badge. People's livelihood has its own joy, and I am used to it. Although my body has not changed, how can I punish my heart!
As China's first patriotic poem, Li Sao has been passed down through the ages with its profound ideological connotation and colorful language. I haven't had the courage to finish reading this poem. The reason is that uncommon ancient prose is daunting. Besides, it's so long. The words I am recording now are only the first part, and there are two major parts. But since it has already started, let's finish it well.
To be continued.
My daughter's wife was very happy, so I applied for her gift. As the saying goes, "I'm dying, but I'm dying in the wild." Why are you in such a hurry to fix it? Is this a unique festival? I have always been arrogant and dissatisfied with separation. When people can't talk, how can they judge the situation? The world is a good friend at the same time, so why not?
According to the old sage, be happy during the festival and be careful in your heart. Ji Yuan from the south of Zheng Xiang made a statement to Zhong Hua. Open nine debates and nine songs, and Xia Kang entertains himself; No matter how difficult it is to draw a picture, Wuzi lost his hometown. It's good to shoot and seal foxes. Solid turbulence will eventually lead to freshness, and you will have greed for your husband's family. The feeling of being soaked and naked is very strong. Indulgence; Forget yourself when you are entertaining, and be in a daze with your husband. Xia Jie constantly invaded Xi, but how to meet the disaster next. After Xin, it was very embarrassing, and Yin Zong used it for a long time. Tang Yu is just respectful, and Zhou is not bad. Cultivate talents and empower them, but follow the rope and be quiet. God is selfless, but I don't know how to help people's morality. Sages are in cahoots with Mao, so this corporal is necessary. Look forward and backward, and look at the people's plans. Who can be righteous and who can't be convinced? He died in danger, but he didn't regret it at the beginning of the visit. Don't measure the chisel, but it should be correct and fixed before. I am sad when I am sad. Hug like wisdom and hide tears, touch the waves of Yujin.
Kneeling, Geng Wu has this meaning. I want to get dressed, and I want to gain the upper hand. The dynasty began in Cangwu Xi and ended in Huxian Garden in the evening. If you want to stay less energetic, it will be dusk. I ordered him to be cautious, look forward to it, but don't press it. There is a long way to go in Xiu Yuan, and I will go up and down. After drinking too much, the horses in the salty pond always rest on hibiscus flowers. When the wood breaks, blow the sun and chat with the sheep. Wang Shu was the pioneer before, and Fei Lian was the subordinate after. Emperor Luan warned Yu first, but told Yu not to eat it. I let the phoenix fly, followed by day and night. Gone with the wind, they separated from each other, and the teacher came to Yuyun. They are always on and off, separated from each other. I ordered the emperor to turn it on and off, leaning against it and looking forward to it. It stops when it's warm, and it slows down. The world is chaotic without division, so beauty is jealous.
There is still a natural paragraph left in the second part. ...
The first part of Li Sao mainly shows facts and narrates Qu Yuan's political views and outlook on life. At that time, Qu Yuan still had illusions about the king, moved by emotion and reasoned with reason, and urged the king to refuse suspicion and avoid greed, while showing his nobility, arrogance and injustice. In the second part of Li Sao, the author points out the reason why he has no talent, saying, "Don't measure the chisel, but correct it and fix it before." I used to be depressed and sad, and I was sad when I was wrong. "mean, kings are wise and foolish, and I don't have time! At this point, the style of writing changed from sad and depressed to clear and romantic, and my spirit was satisfied in the imagination of visiting the gods everywhere. I don't know if Li Bai was inspired by Li Sao when he later wrote "Walking in the Dream on Mount Tianmu", but how similar it is!
I surf the Internet very late. Although I only recorded a little, it's getting late. I will continue next time. ...
Chao Wu will help whitewater and climb the wind to win the horse. Suddenly, I turned around and shed tears, mourning the childless mountain. I swam to this erotic palace, and I broke Qiongzhi and followed her. And before the glory falls, the next woman can be fooled. I asked the Red Dragon to use the clouds to find the location of Fu Fei. Thank you for your words, and I will make you feel reasonable. There is always a total clutch, and it is suddenly difficult to move. The evening is second only to the poor stone, and the morning is full of enthusiasm. I am proud to protect my beauty. I travel for sexual entertainment. Although it is impolite to believe in beauty, it will change if you refuse it. Look at the four poles, and the flow around the sky. Looking at Yao Tai's retreat, I saw a lost daughter. I use thrush as a medium, but thrush is not good at talking about other things. The voice of the male pigeon is gone, but I still hate its cleverness. Hesitant, skeptical, trying to adapt myself. Emperor Phoenix, because he was cheated, was afraid of Gao Xin in front of me. Want to get together far away and never stop, talk about floating around. While Shao Kang is not at home, Yao is in danger. The reason is weak, the media is clumsy, and I am afraid that the introduction is not solid. The world is turbid and envious of the virtuous, and the beauty is evil. The boudoir is far away, and the philosopher king is not jealous. How can I endure death without feeling sad?
In the last natural paragraph of this second part, I wrote about the pain of being hard to find a bosom friend and not being understood, and the tone of my writing turned to depression again. "In the boudoir, I am far away, and the king of philosophy is not jealous. I don't care, but I can bear it and die! " In the previous sentence, beauty is hard to find, your side is difficult to get through, and emperor resistance is difficult to return to your door. The last sentence is straightforward: I have no place to express my feelings, how can I endure the pain of living in this environment all my life? It is not difficult to find that these two sentences actually show Qu Yuan's final choice-lead an honest and clean life and never go with the flow.
Suo Qiongmao takes a lot of things, and the spiritual atmosphere is the rest. Yue: The two beauties must be in harmony. Who believes in practice, who advocates practice? Thinking about the vastness of Kyushu, is it just that it has a daughter? Yue: I am far away, no doubt. Who wants beautiful women, let women go? Why is there no grass, and why do you care about the past? Things are obscure and confusing, so how can we judge good and evil? People like and hate their differences, but this party is unique. Taking care of Ai Yiyi welcomes Xi, which means you can't appreciate orchids. It's not enough to see a grass and a tree, is it beautiful? Su dung fills the curtain, saying that Shen pepper is not fragrant.
I want to take advantage of the auspicious atmosphere and feel hesitant and suspicious. Witches and salt will fall in the evening. I want to use pepper. Hundreds of gods urged him to prepare for surrender, and nine doubts greeted him. The emperor swished his Yangling Xi and told me to be lucky. Yue: Encourage ups and downs and seek common ground. Soup, harmony, harmony, governance, responsibility and adjustability. If love is easy to repair, why use the husband's media? It is said that Cao Cao was built on the volt, and Wu Ding undoubtedly used it. Lv Wang drum knife xi, by Zhou Wen. Ning Qi's eulogy was Xi, and Qi Huan smelled it. And I'm not old, but I'm still unfinished. I am afraid that the thrush will sing first, which will make my husband's grass fragrant.
He Qiong's admiration was suppressed, but everyone ignored it. However, if this party member doesn't forgive me, he may be jealous and upset. When it is colorful and changeable, how can it remain unchanged for a long time! It's changed, not, into hair. What grass was it in the past, and now it is Xiao Ai for this purpose? There's no harm in repairing it. Yu Yilan can rely on, but strength is vanity and tolerance. Beauty is to do as the Romans do. What can He Fang do when he does business and then enters Xi? How can we keep the flow of customs unchanged? Looking at Jiaolan, it's like this, and it's also Che and Li Jiang. However, what is valuable is that we admire it. It is beautiful and beautiful. Fang Feifei is hard to lose, but Fen has no bubble yet. And scheduling to entertain themselves, talking about floating for women. And the rest of the ornaments are fragrant, and the weekly flow is almost up and down.
The spiritual atmosphere tells me that I will take advantage of good luck to occupy Xi, and I will do so on a good day. It's a pity to break branches, but it's a pity to break branches. I drove a flying dragon for Yu, but Zayao thought it was a car. What's the difference between centrifugation and Xi? I'll die far away. Touch my doffer Kunlun Xi, and the road flows around Xiu Yuan. Yang Yunni's cover is hazy and Luan's chirping. The dynasty began in Tianjin and reached the west pole in the evening. Phoenix's wings are wings that fly high. Suddenly, I walked in this quicksand and followed Chishui. The dragon was called to make Liang Jinxi, and Sidi was called to make him. How difficult it is to get to Xiu Yuan, and how many cars are waiting for you. If the road is not good, turn left and refer to the West Sea for a while. There are thousands of chariots, and the king of Qi is neck and neck. Driving the Eight Dragons is graceful and elegant, holding the cloud flag like a snake. Gao Chi's charm is to restrain ambition and be cautious. Play nine songs and dances and talk about holiday entertainment. When I was promoted to emperor, I suddenly came to my hometown. The servant is sadder than Mahuai, but he can't help it.
Chaos: It's already embarrassing! Nobody in the whole country knows me, so why go to my old capital! Since being a politician is not enough, I will live in Peng Xian's house.
In the third part of Lisao, Qu Yuan used aura (witchcraft) divination to describe his tortuous mental journey of leaving his hometown. Finally, he said, "I am not satisfied with my politics, so I live in Peng Xian." Show your determination to die for your country.
Throughout the whole article, awe and impassioned, the figure of wandering and sighing along the Miluo River is still hidden. The ambition of "only the grass is scattered, and the beauty is afraid of death"; The firm belief that "the road is long, and I will go up and down"; The sublimity of "I will die far away, and I will be self-sparse" ... The noble integrity shown in this poem has gradually internalized into the national spirit and culture in the constant chanting of future generations.
In addition, in terms of artistic techniques, the poem is based on poetry and makes analogies, such as good birds and strange grass, to match loyalty and righteousness; Rotten birds and smelly things are better than gluttony; Spiritual beauty, in order to compare with jun; Fu Fei's wife is a good example; Yi Long is monogamous to be a gentleman; Floating clouds are neon, thinking of villains. This technique of "vanilla beauty" has become a tradition in later poetry creation and has been inherited.
China's first patriotic poem, China's first positive romantic work, such a reputation as Li Sao cannot be overemphasized.