110 page
Since "people" always exist in the real society, not just abstract concepts, all their actions will inevitably have various relationships with others. Various complicated social relations constitute people's social attributes, such as marriage, production and kinship? Biography should strive to explore how the narrator "became such a person", that is, Hu Shi's "history of personality evolution", which is inseparable from the analysis of his social and historical environment and interpersonal relationships.
Professor Zhu Wenhua of Fudan University, one of the founders of domestic biographical research, brilliantly pointed out the value of interpersonal relationship in biographical writing. "The basic elements of biographical works have several aspects. In addition, the biography also introduces the life activities, ideological style and personality characteristics of the Lord. It also includes the background of the times, specific social activities and the communication between the preacher and other characters.
Wait? ”[2]P46
It can be seen that if autobiographical works want to be written objectively, they should truthfully describe those who have played an important role in their own lives, be grateful to the benefactors, and not be dull in describing the negative characters. Similarly, in his biography, we should try to reflect those people who have played an important role in the life course of the biography and their communication activities with the biography. * * * Sex exists in personality. In addition to some general rules, the investigation of the interpersonal relationship of messengers. According to the types of social and cultural activities, there are different emphases. Used for biographies of political figures. The issue of political parties is more important. When writing about artists, we should pay attention to their teachers and schools, not the words of writers. Mainly from the perspective of literary schools. For example, Lu Xun's interaction and influence with local writers such as Jane, Xu and Ba. When writing Zhao Shuli's biography, we should grasp his contacts with writers of "Egg School" such as, Rong School and so on, and describe the relationship between Ye Shengtao's Biography and colleagues in the Literature Research Association. For example, the Biography of Guo Moruo by Gong and Fang Rennian describes the important influence of many good friends on Guo Moruo's life and creative path. For example, Zong Baihua, Yu Dafu, Tian Han and others. Guo Moruo's entry into New Trends in Literature and Art depends on the support of Zong Baihua, editor-in-chief of Deng Xue. [3]P5 1 Zong Baihua appreciated Guo Moruo's new poetry creation very much, and published several poems he sent in Deng Xue. Guo Moruo was very excited and then wrote dozens of poems.
2/ 10 page
In the month of 1920 and 1, the column "New Poetry" appeared four times in Deng Xue. Most of the published poems were written by Guo Moruo, which shows Zong Baihua's important role in Guo Moruo's new poetry creation. Tian Han and Guo Moruo met under Zong Baihua's introduction. After that, they often exchanged and discussed life, career, marriage and social issues, and integrated and published San Ye Ji. [3]P60 introduces the literary activities of Creative Society in detail, describing the situation that Guo Moruo met a group of like-minded young people and engaged in literary activities together, which is necessary for understanding Guo Moruo's life experience and creative process.
Biography not only emphasizes the portrayal of the main image, but also attaches importance to the writing of the minor characters and the role of other characters in the biography. Show images of people who have close contacts with the master. Moreover, in the eyes of relatives and friends, it also helps to understand the richness of characters. Zhu is a man's scream. Lu Xun Biography pays more attention to expressing Lu Xun in the eyes of others. This book is rich in historical materials, including commemorative words by Zhou Zuoren, Qian, Lou Shiyi, Xu Shoushang, Smedley, shinya yamanaka and others? There is not only an overall understanding of Lu Xun, but also an investigation of some of his experiences. There are also anecdotes about Lu Xun's life, memories of some details, and various master images. It is mentioned in the book. Xu Shoutang recalled. 1926 After warlord Feng went to Beijing to shoot Shao Piaoping, Lu Xun, Xu Shoutang and others were forced to take refuge in German hospitals and French hospitals. At this time, Lu Xun insisted on writing, and the description here can express Lu Xun's personality. "When Zhang is about to enter Beijing, his vanguard troops have arrived in Gao Qiao. With the encouragement of old friend Qi Shoushan. I have more than ten acquaintances such as Lu Xun. He hid in a stacking room in D Hospital and slept on the concrete floor at night. Eat bread and canned food during the day. Lu Xun is still writing in such an environment. " [4]P 180
In addition, the book also wrote a small detail about Lu Xun's meeting with friends in Neishan. Lu Xun, wearing a grey twill gown and a pair of rubber shoes with eighty cents, went to Sassoon Hotel to meet Marais. The elevator driver saw Lu Xun's clothes and drove him out of the elevator. Lu Xun climbed the stairs to the seventh floor and talked for an hour or two. Malai sent Lu Xun to the elevator, which was kind. Shake hands and say goodbye. The elevator driver was so surprised that he drove the elevator downstairs and jumped out first. [4]P3 15 This case shows Lu Xun's informal personality. Another example is with Hu.
3/ 10 page
Memories of some details and remarks in Lu Xun's life by Feng and Xiao Hong often appear in Lu Xun's biographies. It can well reflect Lu Xun's approachable and caring style of juvenile growth.
Another example is Mo Luoya's biography of Shelley. Pay special attention to revealing Shelley's image in the eyes of past close relatives and friends. For example, Shelley's friend Williams compared him to Byron. "Byron is a slave to his own feelings and a slave to a woman." Shelley was so strong that he wrapped himself in a solid walnut shell, threw himself into the Arno River and stood there, willing to be the mainstay and resist the raging torrent. He insisted on not letting the river wash him away. [5]P503 is very convincing in expressing the personality of the master, because it refers to the evaluation of friends who have had direct contact with the master.
Second, the reflection of interpersonal relationship in biographical style.
On the one hand. On the other hand, comments on preachers' interpersonal relationships often constitute an important part of biographies. Interpersonal communication sometimes stands out in the style and structure of a writer's biographical text. For example, family, biography and friends. This makes Han Shishan's Biography of Xu Zhimo clear in context and rigorous in structure, which shows that the book especially shows the interpersonal communication of this master in style. The part of "making friends" is relatively heavy, accounting for 220 of the 550 pages in the book. * * * There are 40 people who have made friends with Xu Zhimo, and these 40 people who have more contact with the master have written biographies. And focus on their friendship with evangelists and their influence on evangelists. As a result, some elements such as Xu Zhimo's personality characteristics and style are presented to readers. For example, this part of the "Yu Dafu" section. After commenting on the friendship between Yu and Xu, they were compared and said, "They are similar in behavior, but different in texture. Zhimo is deeply influenced by western thoughts and pursues love and freedom. Duff's old essays are more popular, so it can't be said that they don't pursue love and freedom, but they are always a little weak. More fragrant and respectful. So Damien duff will call Wang Yingxia' Ji Wang' in his diary when he is in love, and simply write' the next concubine' when he is angry. Zhimo must never do such a thing. "
[6]P407 and Zhu Zheng's "Lu Xun's Communication". It also focuses on Lu Xun's interpersonal communication. This can reflect many aspects of the master's three-dimensional image. The author outlines Lu Xun's interpersonal relationship from different angles through the article.
4/ 10 page
The general situation of the relationship. Such as Lu Xun and Chen Duxiu, Lu Xun and the Five Martyrs of the Left-wing League, Rightists in Lu Xun's Communication, Lu Xun and His Three American Friends, and Military Figures in Lu Xun's Communication, all show some characteristics of Lu Xun's personality, and his writing style is quite unique. As "The Publisher's Words" said, "Know a person. You can see the friends he makes around him. To understand Lu Xun, you can look at Lu Xun's friends. " [7]
Some biographies are written from the author's interpersonal communication or by comparing similar writers. For example, the feud between Lu Xun and Hu Shi, Lu Xun and Chen Duxiu, Shen Congwen and Ding Ling, Zhou Yang and his mentor, Ding Ling and Zhou Yang, Zhou Yang and Feng Xuefeng are often unique. Some examine the life experience and communication of preachers in the "context" of the changing times, and thus reflect the ups and downs of intellectual groups from point to point. For example, Zhou Yang and Feng Xuefeng described the encounters of two famous writers from acquaintance to contradiction, summed up their life experiences and cultural achievements, and reflected the literary world and the face of that special history through them.
Zhou said in Preface to Zhou Yang: "Literary and artistic activities should be investigated on the historical stage. The foreground on the stage is the magnificent and tortuous historical image of our party, while the close-up is the wave after wave in the history of literary and artistic movement. With the alternation of far and near backgrounds, the images of Zhou Yang and Feng Xuefeng who are active on the stage will come alive. " "Zhou Yang and Feng Xuefeng" focuses on the contradictions and entanglements between Zhou Yang and Feng Xuefeng, two literary giants, and outlines their life development tracks and contributions. At the same time, it also objectively evaluated the important thoughts and activities of Lu Xun, Hu Feng and other important participants in the "left-wing" literary movement.
Ding Ling's Biography in One's World is a handwritten biography of Ding Ling from the perspective of interpersonal relationship. Ding Ling's contacts with Qu Qiubai, Hu Yepin, Feng Xuefeng and others are described. "After all. Literary works are the life experiences of people and Ding Ling. What is inseparable from human factors, why not use the structure of Sugar-Coated Berry to gather the most influential people around Ding Ling. Like chasing light, it shines on Ding Ling, who occupies the center of the stage, showing her different side.