Yan is the son of Yan Shu, and his achievements in Ci can be compared with his father. However, Mr. Ye believes that Xiaoyan's position in the history of Ci is not important. From Wen Wei Li Feng to Yan Ou, the development trend of Ci is a poetic process, which gradually deepens the artistic conception of Ci. Through their hands, colorful words sung between songs and banquets can be used by literati to express their self-cultivation, feelings and character. However, Xiaoyan's words did not develop into poetic artistic conception. Therefore, Xiaoyan's ci is beautiful, but it is only a small whirlpool in the history of ci. However, personally, I didn't understand it that deeply. Xiaoyan's quip "The bright moon was there at that time, and I used to go home according to the colorful clouds" is not inferior to Naifu's "Helpless flowers fall, deja vu Yan returns", which can be regarded as a swan song. Although Xiao Yan didn't play a key role in the evolution of Ci history, his reputation as a poet was no less than that of any famous poet at that time.
On the contrary, it is a typical Liu Yong.
Liu Yong's reputation in literary history is not good. His name is "greasy willow", which means "complaining changes into willow". This nickname is famous, but Liu Yong played a great role in the development of ci. Liu Yong's most obvious contribution is to carry forward the form of slow words and long tones. Liu Yong filled in a lot of slow words and long tunes, singing in street songs for a while, being ignored by the upper class for a while, or secretly enjoying them, and being looked down upon by the public. Gai Yong's word "evil custom" has its own school, but it is not the top grade. Wang Zhuo commented on Liu Ci: "It is especially good for those who don't know books. If they are tasted, they will be rich. Although it is from the countryside, the sound is disgusting. " This criticism is quite mean, saying that Liu Qi is a petty bourgeoisie at best, dare to mix with the upper class? Although glamorous, he is still just a nouveau riche.
Words, as a form, should be refined and describe various situations between children in various forms. However, the literati's ci works mostly talk about the profundity of artistic conception, the sustenance of happiness, and the emotional charm of Guan Yu and Zhong, that is, "from the heart to the ceremony". However, the style of Liu Yong's ci is relatively shallow, and Liu Yong's ci is mostly long, so it can't be as concise as poetry in form. This is a narrative and its emotions. And because the narrative is relatively long and realistic, there is not much deep meaning of smashing, aftertaste and chatting. But in the early Song Dynasty, why didn't the literati "poetize" the long tune and give it a profound artistic conception, but wrote lyrics? Of course, one reason is that literati are self-concerned and unwilling to write long tunes, which is a popular folk song in cities. Another reason may be that most of the literati in the early Song Dynasty did not have the talent to fill in slow words and long tones. Literati Ci is essentially appealing to both refined and popular tastes. They read through a collection of flowers and a book full of golden partridge, both of which are red tears and jade furnace incense, and their vocabulary usage is the same. In fact, few people express themselves, and many people follow the evolution. I'm afraid such a scribe can't give a slow word a long tune to make it meaningful. In any case, in the early Song Dynasty, Liu was the only one who worked tirelessly to fill in slow words and long tunes.
Compared with predecessors, Liu Yong's ci has obvious changes in narrative angle, which is also the development and perfection of Liu Yong's ci. Mr. Ye commented on this change of Liu Ci, from "a good woman in spring" to "a sensitive person in autumn". Because the lyricists before Liu wrote the lyrics and songs about the love between men and women, most of them were written from the style of thinking about women, and they couldn't love the boudoir garden pavilion. Liu Ci mostly starts from the perspective of vagrancy. Because most of the poems are wanderers, the artistic conception presented by Liu Ci combines lofty scenery and personal ambition to pursue success. Therefore, the image of Liu Ci is lofty and magnificent, which is also a remarkable feature of Liu Ci. It's not a fragrant garden path, it's not a pavilion, but a cold river. It's a long day when the sun sets. Example:
Phoenix comes to the clouds:
In the western suburbs in late autumn and after the rain. At night, the sleeves are cool and soaring. After all, the stars are still alive, and the electricity is still alive, shining a little behind the forest. The crow broke again, the sun was shining, and the mountain road gradually separated.
Drive, drive, drive, drive, drive, drive, drive, drive, drive, drive, drive, drive, drive. Throw nymphs, play with dust, and relax. Fortunately, there are many lakes and waves, and a boat is romantic, so we will return to the old fishing firewood. "
Mr. Ye's evaluation of this poem "Feng Gui Yun" embodies the second feature of Liu Ci, that is, the scenery description is very real, the language is unconventional, and the words used feel what they see and feel, so the breath of Liu Ci is very fresh. "After all, the stars are still alive, and the shining light is slightly separated from the forest. It's the sound of broken chickens again. The sun is moving and it is gradually separated from the mountain road. " Very vivid, reading is like being there. The first one is about scenery, and the next one is about Liu Yong's own mind. Liu Yong was ambitious, but his pursuit failed. He struggled at the bottom of society all his life, and his official career was very poor. It turned out that he had a hard time driving, and when he was old, he pursued petty profits, made a success, made a lot of money and failed.
There are many anecdotes about Liu Yong. It is said that Yan Hongliang, the gold owner, read "Watching the Sea" and saw the sentence "Sanqiu devil, ten miles lotus". He couldn't help but work hard. Evil started from the heart, and evil came out from the gallbladder, so he had the plan to slash the Song Dynasty. He also said that Song Shenzong likes to read Liu Yong's words, but Liu Yong doesn't. The lyrics were written by himself, and there was a phrase "keep quiet, drink low and sing shallow", which suddenly made Zongshen unhappy. When Liu Yong took the first place in the exam again, with a stroke of his pen, Shen scratched Liu Yong's hard-won fame. He said, "How can we have a floating name when we go drinking and singing?" So Liu Yong fell out of the list again, and was named "Liu Sanbian who wrote lyrics in sequence" from then on. It is also said that Liu Yong went to visit the Prime Minister Yan Shu, who sneered: Do you also write lyrics? Liu Yong bravely retorted: Isn't Xiang Ye happy to fill it out? Yan Shu said that I filled in Didi, but unlike you, all I filled in was stuff like "sewing clothes and sitting in Iraq". Liu Yong fainted and resigned in a mess. It is also said that Su Dongpo publicly said that Liu Ci was not the top grade, and secretly competed with Liu Yong. Every time he writes lyrics, he will ask the guests, "What do you think of my lyrics and Liu Qibi?" The staff said, "Liu Langzhong's words are seventeen or eighteen girls, with red teeth and singing' Yang Liuan Xiaofeng Canyue'; Su's words must be a big man in Kansai, holding an iron plate and singing' The river does not return, the waves are exhausted ...' "So everyone laughed.
However, although Sue didn't like Liu Ci, her eyes were high and her heart was wide, but she also saw the advantages of Liu Ci at a glance. He said that although Liu Yong's ci was shallow, it was broad and lofty, not inferior to the height of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. Especially in Klang Ganzhou, the words "the river is cold and the setting sun is the building" are behind the words "the west wind still shines, and the Han family is lost" in Li Taibai's Qin Yi, such as:
Klang Ganzhou:
Facing the rain from the sky, a piece of washed autumn scenery on the river is particularly cold. The frost wind is getting colder, the river is cold and closed, and the sun is setting. This is a big sale, and it is a luxury. Only the gushing water of the Yangtze river flows eastward without sound.
Without the heart to climb the distance and overlook the distant home, it is difficult to gather the desire to go home. Sigh for many years, why stay! I think of that beautiful woman, looking up from the gorgeous upstairs, and how many times I mistook the distant boat for the love boat to go home. Try to know me, lean in a dry place and just stare at me! "
The first half is about the sadness of Anthony wong, and I feel sad when I am old. In the second half, I wrote about the lovesickness of the hatchback, which was really touching. I have seen the writing of lovesickness in my poems many times. Li Shangyin's late rain counts as one, his Qing Han counts as one, and Wen's Nothing counts as one, but I write it. It is also an extension of Liu Yong's ci to combine the sadness of hard-to-pay ambition with the lovesickness of wanderers.
Liu Yong's life is a rest and everything is a waste. The name left is also referred to as lewd, vulgar and vulgar, nicknamed "greasy willow". His life is really a failure and not worth it. However, Mr. Ye commented on Liu Yong, and thought that Liu Yong's role in the development of Ci lies not only in the expansion of the tone, narrative angle and meteorology of Ci, but also in the fact that Liu Ci directly inspired Su Ci, which Su Shi and Liu Yong also called greasy willow, heroic swallowing clouds and Su Dongpo, sadness and sorrow. Hehe, if Liu knows what's going on underground, I really want to piss him off alive again.