Huang Chao (? —884), a native of Cao Zhou (now southwest of Heze County, Shandong Province), was born in a family of salt merchants and was rich in property. I was also engaged in selling illicit salt. He is good at riding and shooting, and loves to help the crisis; I also love reading. I took the Jinshi exam and failed. Huang Chao was dissatisfied with the decadent politics of the Tang Dynasty. In 875, he responded to Wang Xianzhi's uprising and led the uprising. After Wang Xianzhi was killed, Huang Chao continued to fight, and became a great general, which won the support of the people. In 88, Chang 'an was captured, that is, the emperor's position, the title of Daqi, and the title of "Jin Tong". After the failed uprising, Huang Chao was killed by a traitor.
[ Give chrysanthemums last ]:
Stay in Qiu Lai on September 8th [1],
After I bloom, all flowers will kill [2].
the fragrant array [3] penetrates Chang 'an, and
the whole city is covered with golden armour [4].
[ Notes]:
[1] September 8th: In ancient times, September 9th was the Double Ninth Festival, and there was a custom of climbing mountains and enjoying chrysanthemums. Say "September 8" to rhyme. [2] Kill: wither. [3] Incense array: bursts of fragrance. [4] Golden armor: golden armor, which refers to the color of chrysanthemum.
[ Explanation]:
Huang Chao is not only proficient in martial arts, but also loves reading, and he can write poetry and prose. He went to Chang 'an, the capital, to take the imperial examination, but he failed. However, the failure of the examination hall gave him another gain: he saw the darkness of the examination room and the corruption of the official system, which made him have a further understanding of the essence of the Li and Tang dynasties. After failing the exam, I was filled with pride, and I sang chrysanthemums to express my arms.
"Stay in Qiu Lai until September 8th", pointing out that the blooming season of chrysanthemums is in autumn. Especially on the ninth day of the ninth lunar month, which is the traditional Double Ninth Festival in ancient China, it is the day when relatives and friends get together, climb the mountain to drink and enjoy chrysanthemums, which is the day when chrysanthemums show their charm and attract people's admiration. This custom was particularly popular in the Tang Dynasty. Didn't Meng Haoran, who was more than 14 years earlier than Huang Chao, make an agreement with his friends "wait till the Mountain Holiday, I am coming again in chrysanthemum time"? Huang Chao particularly emphasized "September 8th" here. The word "stay" is used to express firm confidence that September 8 will definitely come. People are also looking forward to the Double Ninth Festival, and the word "stay" has also played a role in urging people to welcome the arrival of this festival, showing people a bright future.
The second sentence of the poem describes the power of chrysanthemums: "When I bloom, all flowers will kill me". The withering of flowers is not necessarily related to the blooming of chrysanthemums, but it is written in the poem that chrysanthemums wither as soon as they bloom, which becomes a causal relationship, which just emphasizes the power of chrysanthemums. In the Tang Dynasty, peony was advocated and regarded as the national flower. According to Li Zhao's Supplement to National History in the Tang Dynasty, "You have been visiting the capital for more than 3 years. Every spring, if the horses and chariots are crazy, they are ashamed of not playing. " Contrary to the traditional concept, Huang Chao praised chrysanthemums. You see, "I bloom" and "flowers kill" are in sharp contrast, which shows that chrysanthemums are full of energy and great power. Double Ninth Festival is a chrysanthemum festival.
The three or four sentences in the poem describe the sight of the Double Ninth Festival.
in the third sentence, it says, "The fragrance in the sky permeates Chang 'an". This fragrance is not subtle or fragrant, but "the fragrance in the sky". Heaven is sacred and inviolable in feudal society. It is the supreme authority and the master of all things in heaven and earth. Even the feudal emperor, as the supreme ruler of the world, can only be called "the son of heaven". His father, heaven and earth, are commanded by heaven to govern all peoples. But the fragrance of chrysanthemum can be "soaring"; Not only is it "soaring", but it can also fill the capital Chang' an. A "rush" and a "transparency" show chrysanthemums, which also reflects the poet's majestic spirit of contempt for heaven and earth.
color the fourth sentence. If the third sentence is about the "god" of chrysanthemum, then the fourth sentence is about the "shape" of chrysanthemum. "The city is full of golden flowers" and "the city" means that chrysanthemums are everywhere, all over Kyoto; "Bring it all" means that all the chrysanthemums in Chang 'an are covered with golden flowers without exception. Wearing gold armor, standing in the rustling west wind, resisting frost and half cold, proudly blooming, what a heroic image! How handsome! Moreover, the "full" city is "full", like clouds, reflecting the sky; Like a fire, it burned all over Chang 'an! What is sung and shaped here is not a single chrysanthemum, but a "group of heroes" of chrysanthemums.
This poem uses chrysanthemums as a metaphor to express feelings. By depicting the image of chrysanthemums and praising their mighty spirit, it shows the heroic spirit of the author waiting for the opportunity to change the world. When the "Double Ninth Festival" of the peasant uprising came, didn't completely discredited, the feudal ruling class, wither like those "hundred flowers"? When the mighty rebel army moved into Chang 'an, the rebel soldiers in uniform were not as dazzling and majestic as the chrysanthemums in the city. This chrysanthemum poem is an ode to the hero of peasant uprising in feudal society.
Although the poem is only four short sentences, it not only describes the spirit of chrysanthemum, but also describes the shape of chrysanthemum, which has both form and spirit; It not only writes that the fragrance of chrysanthemum is soaring, but also writes that the golden armor of chrysanthemum is full of color and taste, and the image is very distinct. The language is simple, magnificent and full of inspiring power.
The title of the film is "Golden Flower in the City", which comes from Huang Chao's poem "The Last Chrysanthemum" at the end of the Tang Dynasty: "Until September 8th in Qiu Lai, I will kill all the flowers after they bloom. The fragrance of the sky penetrates Chang' an, and the city is full of golden flowers. " The story is also set in that era. Zhang Weiping said that the name that first appeared in Time magazine in the United States was Memories of Autumn, and later Zhang Yimou also proposed to use Chongyang or Chrysanthemum Killing, but he felt that none of them could reflect the momentum of the film. After all, it was a big production of 36 million yuan, and from the name, people should be so domineering as The Lord of the Rings. So the title of the film uses Huang Chao's poem. But it is not a story about anti-Tang dynasty, but a grand war scene with swords and shadows and a vast territory.
Golden Flower movie information is everywhere in the city.