Petofi Sandor was born in a family of butchers on January 1, 1823, in a small Hungarian town on the Avod Plain on the Danube River under the rule of the Austrian Empire - Sabo de Salas. He was a poor Slavic butcher, and his mother was a serf of the Magyar tribe. According to the laws of the time, his family was at the bottom of society. On July 31, 1849, Petofi died in battle. Petofi's poems are widely circulated in Hungary and have been translated into dozens of foreign languages, making them familiar to foreign readers. In his article "For the Memory of Forgetting", Mr. Lu Xun once quoted a poem by Petofi: "Life is precious, and love is more valuable; if it is for freedom, both can be thrown away!"
< p> Petofi lived a wandering life as a boy, worked as an actor, and served as a soldier. In 1842, he began to publish his poem "The Drunkard" and began his writing career. He wrote poems in the style of folk songs, developed them in form, refined his language, and created many excellent poems. He believes that "only the people's poetry is real poetry." Among his early works are more than 50 poems such as "The Millet is Ripe", "I Walked into the Kitchen" and "Evening", which were composed and sung by composers such as Liszt and have become Hungarian folk songs. In 1844, he came to the capital Budapest from his hometown and served as assistant editor of the "Pest Fashion News". With the support of the poet Fresmalti, he published the first "Collection of Poems", "Cypress Leaves on Edelka's Grave" and "Love of Love". "Pearl" and the prose work "Travel Notes" established his status in Hungarian literature and were highly praised by the German poet Heine. He became famous in the poetry world for publishing the satirical poem "The Sledgehammer in the Countryside" and the revolutionary poems "Song of the Patriots" and "Against the King". He later participated in and led the radical youth organization "Young Hungary" in Pest and engaged in revolutionary activities. Traveling long distances, he used revolutionary poems to call on the Hungarian people to oppose Austrian national oppression. At the end of 1846, he compiled the manuscripts of poems and prepared to publish the complete collection of poems, and wrote the famous motto "Freedom and Love" in his preface. His "Freedom and Love": "Life is precious, love is more expensive; if it is for freedom, Both can be thrown away!" became the poet's symbol of moving towards revolution and his vow to move towards revolution. Since 1847, poetry writing has involved the political affairs of the time, such as "To the Poets of the Nineteenth Century" and "In the Name of the People", which express the voice of the times. On March 15, 1848, Petofi led the proletariat and petty bourgeoisie with the participation of students to resist the Austrian citizen uprising. He recited the political poem "Song of the Nation" to the insurrectionists and wrote the poems "The Sea is Boiling" and "The Sea Is Boiling". The King Hangs on the Gallows" inspired the people to fight for national freedom and independence, and was known as "the first roar of Hungarian freedom." In September, he joined the revolutionary army and participated in the Hungarian National War of Independence. In the national liberation war led by Kossuth from 1848 to 1849, Petofi joined General Bem's troops in January 1849. As General Bem's major adjutant, he fought bravely with the Russian and Austrian allied forces. In July 1849, In July, he composed his last poem "The Moment of Terror". He disappeared during the Battle of Fort Shursh on July 31 of the same year. Most scholars believe that he was sacrificed in the bloody Battle of Fort Shursh and his body was buried in the tomb of 1,050 heroes. middle. Petofi's contribution was mainly in poetry creation, especially in lyric poetry. In addition to creating a large number of revolutionary poems, he also wrote political commentaries, dramas, novels and essays. He wrote about 1,000 lyric poems in his life. and 8 narrative poems, the most famous of which are "Janos the Warrior" (first translation of "Brave John") and "The Apostle", which had a significant impact on the development of Hungarian literature. His political articles exposed the enemy and inspired He has won the hearts of the people and played a positive role. Lu Xun spoke highly of his life and works. Lu Xun highly praised Petofi and said, "What Zheng is good at is naturally lyrical poetry." Some European literary and art critics praised Petofi as "the lyrical poet of Magyar". The King of Poetry". “Life is truly precious, but love is even more valuable. If it’s for freedom, you can throw away both."When mentioning this poem that has been widely recited all over the world for more than a century, people will think of its author, the Hungarian poet Petofi. If we look back objectively at history, we can know that the great Hungarian poet is a profound poet. A heroic fighter in the European Revolution of 1848 who was concerned and praised by Marx and Engels, his poems also left an extremely precious literary legacy for oppressed nations around the world