First, chew poetic language.
Reading repeatedly, developing the reading habit of tasting language word by word and analyzing images, and mastering the ideological content and expression skills of works are the first steps to appreciate poetry. When appreciating poetry, we should focus on the functions of verbs, adjectives and special words (reduplicated words, onomatopoeic words and words expressing colors).
Verbs such as "knock" in Jia Dao's Living in a secluded place with Li Ning, such as "birds inhabit trees by the pool, monks knock at the moon gate", have sounds, which highlights the seclusion of living.
Reduplicated words have two functions: enhancing the sense of rhythm of language or playing an emphasis role. For example, Li Qingzhao's "Sound Slow" uses seven groups of 14 reduplications, or writes about the actions and behaviors of characters, or writes about the surrounding environment, or directly expresses his feelings, which comprehensively and accurately depicts the poet's feelings of loss, desolation, sadness and disability after suffering a series of great pains. At the same time, it reads rhythmically.
Onomatopoeic words Some onomatopoeic words are reduplicated words, so they are listed separately because of their high frequency. Function makes poetry more vivid and makes people feel immersive. For example, the "rustling" in Du Fu's "Ascending the Mountain" wrote that "the leaves are falling like the spray of a waterfall, while I watch the long river roll forward all the time", and wrote the sound of autumn leaves falling with the wind, which reminds people of the poet's endless melancholy.
Words expressing colors generally express feelings, enhance the sense of color and picture in description and render the atmosphere. When appreciating, we should grasp the words that can express color and appreciate the rich artistic meaning and distinctive rhythm of poetry. Example: "Two orioles sing green willows, and a row of egrets go up to the sky". The four colors of yellow, green, white and cyan are interspersed with each other, extending from points and lines to infinite space. The picture is still and moving, and the three-dimensional rhythm is obvious. Or grasp the words in the poem that can show sharp contrast and appreciate the concentrated emotional color: "The fleeting people, cherry red, banana green." Red and green show Jie Jiang's "colored thoughts". Time is in a hurry and spring is fleeting. Grasping the words expressed by a single color, we can also appreciate the poet's deep affection: "Recalling the love in Tsing Yi, I pity the grass everywhere." "Whoever is drunk in the frost forest at dawn always makes people cry!" Pity and hurt feelings are both in "Young" and "Drunken Red".
Due to the requirements of melody or the special needs of rhetoric or both, some word orders of poems are often reversed. When appreciating them, we should pay attention to the reduction of word order (subject postposition, preposition object, subject-object transposition, adverbial postposition, attribute postposition, etc. ), so as to accurately and profoundly understand the content of poetry and appreciate the artistic conception.
Common words in the language style of ancient poetry
Plain, also known as simple, is characterized by choosing exact words to describe directly, using unadorned lines, which are true, profound and approachable. Plain doesn't mean simple and shabby, but a kind of language, which reflects the poet's real kung fu, such as Tao Yuanming's Returning to the Garden and Drinking, Li Yu's Yu Meiren (when is the spring flowers and the autumn moon) and Langtaosha (the rain outside the curtain).
The fresh feature is the use of novel terms, such as "quatrains", "two orioles singing green willows and a row of egrets soaring into the sky." Outside the window is the autumn snow in Xiling, and the Wu Dong Wan Li boat is parked at the door. "
Gorgeous features are rich words, colorful and fantastic feelings. Such as Li Shangyin's poem "Jinse" and "Untitled".
Bright is characterized by directness, clarity, frankness, fierceness, and often being outspoken and hitting the nail on the head.
Implication is characterized by its implication, which is often not directly described, but twists and turns. What is said here is intentional, or cited without sending, or intentional, so that readers can appreciate it. For example, Du Mu's quatrains "Guo Huaqing Palace" and so on, and Li Qingzhao's later poems.
Nature is a plain language without modification, with more spoken words and less refined words. It reads as plain as words, natural and friendly, and has endless charm. For example, the language of Li Bai's poems is known as "clear water produces hibiscus, natural carving"
Commonly used terms to summarize the linguistic features of poetry:
Vivid and humorous, provocative and provocative, combining length with length, free and easy to use words, gorgeous words, simple words, profound and concise words, fluent words, concise voice, harmonious and concise humorous words, warning, words that imply philosophy, exquisite words, natural language, beautiful feelings and sad words have far-reaching implications, and syllables are implicit and loud and easy to understand.
Second, the analysis of poetic images.
The image of classical poetry is a subjective emotional image with the help of objective images (such as mountains, rivers and vegetation). ), we call it "image" for the time being. When appreciating poems, we should not only pay attention to the objective images they depict, but also see the thoughts and feelings injected into them through appearances; Pay attention to the degree of integration of subjective and objective aspects. Only by grasping the image of the work, as well as the theme contained in the image, the emotional appeal embodied by the image, the social significance and appeal of the image, can we truly appreciate the works of ancient poetry.
The significance of common images in classical poetry;
Willow —— Farewell to the full moon —— Missing the fallen leaves —— Disappointed —— Proud of the sea —— Open the flowing water —— Time goes by —— Nostalgia hurts the plum blossom today —— Pride grass —— Ordinary, tenacious or weak, returning to the wild goose —— Missing the homesick southern crown ——— Imprisoning the Song Dynasty ——— Sorrow ——— The displaced people seem to "fly wild".