Youshan west village
Land Tourism in Southern Song Dynasty
Don't laugh at the farmhouse music brewed in the muddled month. In the harvest month, the dishes for guests are very rich.
There is no way to go because of the winding water flow in the mountains, and a mountain village suddenly appears in the willow-green flower bay.
The day of playing flute and drums is approaching, and the villagers are still dressed simply.
In the future, if you can go out in the moonlight, I will knock on your door at any time with my cane.
Precautions:
(1) preserved wine: the wine brewed in the twelfth lunar month.
② tún: It means to prepare a sumptuous dish. Dolphin, pig and poem refer to pork.
(3) There is no way to doubt the mountains and rivers.
4 dark willow flowers: green willows are lush and shady, and the flowers are delicate and charming.
⑤ Flute drum: Flute drum.
⑥ Spring Festival: In ancient times, the fifth day after beginning of spring was regarded as Spring Festival Day, to offer sacrifices to the public (land gods) and pray for a bumper harvest.
⑦ Ancient customs: Simple ancient customs are preserved.
Xu Ruo: If so.
9 leisure under the moon: come under the moon when you are free.
Attending at any time: at any time. Knock: Knock.
Translation:
Don't laugh at the muddy wine brewed by farmers in the twelfth lunar month.
There are many delicious dishes to entertain guests in the harvest year.
When there are mountains and rivers, there is no way out for doubt.
Suddenly, I saw a bright green willow tree, and another village appeared in front of me.
You play the flute, I play the drums and celebrate together. The Spring Festival is approaching.
Clothes made of cloth, the most common hat, and simple ancient style still exist.
From today, if I can wander in the moonlight, I, a white-haired old man, will also enjoy this night.
Knocking on farmer friend Chai Men with a cane.
Make an appreciative comment
The first couplet shows the quiet and joyful atmosphere in the countryside in the harvest year. Waxed wine refers to the wine brewed in the twelfth lunar month. The dolphin is a pig. Full of chickens and dolphins means full of chickens and pigs. These two sentences mean that although the taste of farm wine is thin, it has a deep way of hospitality. A word "foot" expresses all the hospitality of farmers. The word "don't laugh" expresses the poet's appreciation of the simple folk customs in rural areas.
The second couplet is about the scenery along the mountains and rivers, which contains philosophy and has been widely quoted for thousands of years. "There is no doubt about mountains and rivers, and there is another village." After reading such a fluent, beautiful, cheerful and lively poem, it seems that you can see the poet strolling among the green mountains, the clear mountain springs gurgling in the winding streams, the vegetation becoming more and more lush, and the winding mountain roads becoming more and more difficult to identify. When I was at a loss, I suddenly saw the flowers flickering in front of me, and several peasant cottages were looming among the flower trees, and the poet suddenly felt suddenly enlightened. The degree of excitement can be imagined. Of course, this realm has been described by predecessors, but these two sentences are particularly euphemistic and chic, so Qian Zhongshu said that "Lu You made it' there is nothing left'" ("Selected Notes on Song Poetry"). When people discuss knowledge and study problems, it often happens that the mountains turn to water, which is confusing. Where is the way out? So I suddenly felt a sense of emptiness. However, if you persevere and move on, suddenly a ray of dawn appears in front of you. Go on, and you will be suddenly enlightened and discover a new world that you have never seen before. This is the inspiration of this connection and the unique interest of Song poetry. After reading it, people will feel that in a certain situation in life, there is an amazing fit with what is written in the poem, so they feel more cordial. What is described here is that the poet walks on the shady road, confidently, wondering if there is no road, and suddenly becomes cheerful, which not only embodies the poet's hope for the future, but also tells the philosophy of ups and downs of the world. Therefore, these two poems transcend the description of natural scenery and have strong artistic vitality.
This couplet shows the beautiful scenery in spring; The second part describes the rural customs from nature to personnel in the early Southern Song Dynasty. It is not difficult for readers to understand the poet's deep affection for traditional culture. "Society" is the land god. Spring Festival club, the fifth day after beginning of spring. On this day, the agricultural sacrifice society prayed for the New Year, full of excitement, blows and blows, and full of expectations for a bumper harvest. The origin of this festival is very old, and it has been recorded in Zhou Li. Su Shi's "Die Hua Lian Zhou Mi Shang Yuan" also said: "Drumming and playing the flute is to enter the agricultural mulberry society." It was still very popular in the Song Dynasty. Lu You praised this ancient local custom and showed his love for our country and people with his simple clothes and ancient customs.
The first three books are about the outside world, with their own emotions. But it seems that the poet's intention is not enough, so he changed his pen: "From now on, if you ride on the moon leisurely, you will knock on the door all night with a cane." Anytime, anytime. The poet has been swimming all day. At this time, the bright moon is hanging high, and the whole earth is shrouded in a faint radiance, which also gives the village after the Spring Festival a quiet color and has a special taste. So these two words naturally flowed out of my chest: I hope to ride the moon with crutches from time to time, knock on Chai Fei and have a cordial conversation with the old farmer. What an honor! A poet who loves his hometown and is close to farmers is vividly on the paper.
The poet was impeached by the capitulators and went home. Of course, he was angry. Compared with the treacherous officialdom, the simple life in my hometown will naturally bring infinite comfort. In addition, although the poet seems to be leisurely, he failed to forget the state affairs. People who grasp the country are short-sighted and have no long-term plans. However, the poet did not lose heart and was sure that one day he would not be extremely successful. This state of mind coincides with the place where you want to go, so the two sides negotiated and produced a connection between "the weight of the mountain" and "the bright future".
Lu you's seven laws are the best. This seven-law has a rigorous structure and a prominent main line. There is no "you" in the eight sentences of the whole poem, but the word "you" is cut everywhere, which is full of fun and endless. And hierarchical. In particular, the two couplets in the middle are neat and good at writing difficult scenes, such as pearls falling on jade plates, which are fluent and reach a high artistic level.
Writing background:
This poem was written on Song Xiaozong Avenue for three years (1 167). Prior to this, Lu You served as the judge of Longxing House. Because he strongly sponsored Zhang Jun's Northern Expedition, he was disintegrated by the capitulators and dismissed from office, and lived in Yinshan Jinghu Lake (now Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province). Of course, the poet is indignant at heart. Compared with the murky officialdom, simple living in my hometown will naturally bring infinite comfort. "Shanxi Village" in the poem refers to the village to the west of Sanshan Town. This poem describes the local customs, which is very interesting.
This unique poem was written in the early spring of the third year of Song Xiaozong Avenue (1 167). At that time, Lu You was retiring and living at home. A year ago, Lu You actively supported the Northern Expedition of Zhang Jun, the general who resisted gold in the second year of Longxing (1 164). After Liv's defeat, he was also expelled from the court by landlords and capitulationists. He was dismissed from Longxing House (now Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province) on charges of "encouraging Zhang Jun to fight". When Lu You returned to his hometown, his mood was quite complicated, with anguish and resentment intertwined, but he was not disheartened. The patriotic feelings of "generosity is still strong" (Yu Wen) made him feel hope and light in rural life, and poured this feeling into his poetry creation.
The trip to Shanxi Village vividly depicts the beautiful rural scenery and is full of rich flavor of life. Among them, "there is no way for mountains and rivers to be suspicious, and there is another village in the dark" contains philosophy and has been passed down to this day.
Central idea:
This poem was written when I lived in the countryside of Yin Shan's hometown. Vividly depicts a beautiful rural scenery, full of joy and love for simple rural life customs.
The poet was intoxicated by the beauty of human feelings, the essence of customs and the beauty of folk customs in Shanxi village, and felt such a scene of folk customs and peace, reflecting the thoughts and feelings of living in a different place.
The poet was intoxicated by the scenery in Shan Ye and the human feelings in the countryside, showing his love and nostalgia for rural life.
About the author:
Luyou (1125165438+1October13-10 65438+1October 26) Han nationality, word concept, Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) Yinshan people. He was able to write poetry at the age of 65,438+02. He wrote many works in his life. There are dozens of existing poetry collections, such as Jiannan Poetry Draft, Weinan Poetry Selection, Weng Fangci, Southern Tang Book, Notes of Lao Xuean, etc. This poem is selected from Selected Poems of Jian Nan. Lu You has many literary talents, especially his achievements in poetry. His artistic creation of poetry inherits the fine traditions of Qu Yuan, Tao Yuanming, Du Fu and Su Shi, and he is an outstanding poet with far-reaching influence in the history of Chinese culture.