Spring River Flowers and Moonlight Night
The spring river tide reaches the sea level, and the bright moon on the sea rises with the tide.
The twinkling waves follow the waves for thousands of miles, but where is the spring river without the moonlight?
The river flows around Fangdian, and the moonlight shines on the flowers and forests like sleet.
The frost is flying in the sky unknowingly, and the white sand on the pavilion cannot be seen.
The river and the sky are completely dust-free, and there is only a solitary moon in the bright sky.
Who by the river saw the moon for the first time? When did Jiang Yue shine on people?
Life is endless from generation to generation, but the river and the moon are only similar year after year.
I don’t know who Jiang Yue is waiting for, but I see the Yangtze River sending water.
The white clouds are slowly disappearing, and the green maple pond is full of sorrow.
Who is cheating tonight? Where do I miss Mingyue Tower?
The poor moon wanders upstairs, it should be seen away from the makeup mirror.
The jade door curtain cannot be rolled up, and it comes back when it is smashed and brushed on the anvil.
At this time, we look at each other but do not hear each other. I hope that the moonlight will shine on you.
Swan geese fly long and fast, fish and dragons dive and leap into the water.
Last night I dreamed of falling flowers in the pond, and it was a pity that I didn’t return home in the middle of spring.
The spring water in the river is gone, and the moon has fallen in the river pool and is setting in the west again.
The slanting moon hides the sea fog, and the Jieshi Xiaoxiang road is endless.
I wonder how many people will return by the moon? The falling moon shakes the trees all over the river with love.
"Spring River Flowers and Moonlight Night" is an old title of Yuefu's "Qing Shang Qu Ci·Wu Sheng Songs". There are different opinions on who the creator was. It may be said that "the origin is unknown"; it may be said that it was done by Empress Chen; or it may be said that it was done by Emperor Yang of Sui Dynasty. According to Guo Maoqing's "Collection of Yuefu Poems", in addition to Zhang Ruoxu's poem, there are two poems by Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, one by Zhuge Ying, two by Zhang Zirong, and one by Wen Tingyun. They may appear to be narrow in layout, or may appear to be too rich in makeup, far inferior to Zhang Ruoxu's piece. This old title, in the hands of Zhang Ruoxu, suddenly became brilliant and gained immortal artistic life. To this day, people no longer even try to find out who the original creator of the old title is, but attribute the real creative power of the title "Spring River Flower Moonlight Night" to Zhang Ruoxu.
Note:
This is the most perfect work in "Palace Poetry". Hailed by Mr. Wen Yiduo as "a poem within a poem, the peak upon the peak" ("The Self-Redemption of Palace Poetry"), "Moonlight Night on the Spring River" has fascinated countless readers for more than a thousand years. Zhang Ruoxu, who left only two poems in his life, also because of this poem, "he is alone in his work, but it has become a masterpiece for everyone."
The title of the poem is fascinating. Spring, river, flowers, moon and night, these five things embody the most moving beauty of life, forming a wonderful artistic realm that is tempting to explore.
The poet worked hard to solve the problem, and wrote about it at the beginning of the poem, outlining a magnificent picture of the moonlit night on the spring river: the river tide connects to the sea, and the tide of the moon rises. The "sea" here is a virtual reference. The Jiang Chao is vast, as if connected with the sea, and is magnificent. At this time, a bright moon rises with the tide, and the scene is spectacular. The word "生" gives lively life to the bright moon and the tide. The moonlight shines thousands of miles away, and there is no spring river that is not illuminated by the bright moon! The river winds around the spring wilderness full of flowers and plants, and the moonlight shines on the flower trees, as if sprinkled with a layer of white snow. The poet is really a master of painting. With a single stroke, he can paint the strange "flowers" on the moonlit night on the spring river. At the same time, the title of "Spring River Flowers and Moonlight Night" was skillfully fulfilled. The poet's observation of the moonlight is extremely subtle: the moonlight has washed away the colorful colors of all things in the world, and dyed the world into a dreamy silver color. Therefore, "the flowing frost flies unnoticed" and "the white sand cannot be seen", and only the bright and bright moonlight exists. The delicate brushstrokes create a mythical and wonderful realm, making the moonlit night on the Spring River look particularly beautiful and tranquil. These eight sentences, from big to small, from far to near, the pen and ink gradually condense on a lonely moon.
The clear and clear heaven, earth and universe seem to make people enter a pure world, which naturally arouses the poet's reverie and meditation: "Who first saw the moon by the river? When did the moon on the river shine on people for the first time?" "The poet's mind leaps forward, but it is closely connected with life, exploring the philosophy of life and the mysteries of the universe. This kind of exploration has also been explored by the ancients, such as Cao Zhi's "Song Yingshi": "There is no end in heaven and earth, human life is like morning frost", Ruan Ji's "Yong Huai": "Life is like dust and dew, the path of heaven is long and long" and so on, but the poetry The theme is mostly about the eternity of the universe and the brevity of life. Zhang Ruoxu came up with something unique here. His thoughts did not fall into the stereotypes of his predecessors, but came up with new ideas: "Life is endless from generation to generation, but the moon and the river are only similar every year." Personal life is short and fleeting, and human life is fleeting. Existence is long-lasting, so the life of "infinite generations" and the bright moon "only similar every year" can survive. This is the relief that the poet feels from the beauty of nature. Although the poet is sentimental about the short life, it is not due to decadence and despair, but due to the pursuit and love of life. The tone of the whole poem is "sad but not sad", allowing us to hear the echo of the sound of the early Tang Dynasty.
"I don't know who the river moon is waiting for, but I see the Yangtze River sending flowing water." This is closely followed from the previous sentence "only similar". Life goes on from generation to generation, and the moon and the river are like this year after year. An arc moon hovers in the sky, as if waiting for someone, but it can never do so. Under the moonlight, there is only the rapids of the river, rushing away. As the river flows, the poem creates waves, taking the poem to a deeper realm. There is hatred in the river and the moon, while the flowing water is ruthless. The poet naturally shifts his writing style from the natural scenery in the first half to the images of life, which leads to the separation and sorrow of the lovesickness of men and women in the second half.
The four lines of "White Clouds" are written in the spring river on a moonlit night, reflecting the longing of a woman and a wanderer in two places. "Dianbai" and "Qingfengpu" express their feelings to each other. The white clouds are erratic, symbolizing the uncertainty of "Bian Zhouzi". "Qingfengpu" is a place name, but "Maple" and "Pu" are often used in poems to express farewell to scenery and places. The two sentences "whose home" and "where" are intertwined. It is precisely because more than one family and one place has the sorrow of separation, the poet raised such a question, a kind of lovesickness, which brings out the sorrow of separation in two places, back and forth. The poetry is full of twists and turns.
The following eight sentences of "poor" follow the sentence of "where", describing the missing woman's longing for the deceased. However, the poet does not directly talk about the sadness and tears of the missing woman, but uses the "moon" to highlight the clarity of her nostalgia, and the tears of sadness come out spontaneously. The poem personifies the "moon", and the two "wandering" universes are extremely expressive. First, the floating clouds move, so the light and shadow are uncertain; second, the moonlight lingers upstairs with pity for the missing woman, unable to bear to leave. "I want to be with the woman I miss and relieve her worries, so I sprinkle the soft light on the dressing mirror table, the jade curtain, and the clothes-making anvil. Unexpectedly, the thought of a woman makes her fall in love with her, and she misses her even more. She wanted to get rid of the annoying moonlight, but the moonlight "couldn't be rolled away" and "returned", sincerely attached to her. The two infatuated movements of "rolling" and "whisking" here vividly express the sorrow and confusion in the heart of the missing woman. The emotions caused by the moonlight are deeply disturbing her. At this moment, doesn't the moonlight also shine on her lover in the distance? She looks at the moonlight but cannot know each other, so she has to rely on the bright moon to express her lovesickness. Look at the sky: swan geese are flying far away, unable to fly beyond the light and shadow of the moon, so flying is futile; look at the river surface, fish are jumping in the deep water, but they only stir up waves of ripples, and jumping is useless. "The ruler's rope is in the intestines of the fish, and the heart is in the feet of the goose." To Yuyan, who is responsible for conveying messages, now he can't deliver the news - which should add more sorrow!
The last eight sentences describe the wanderer, and the poet uses falling flowers, flowing water, and the waning moon to express his longing for home. feeling. "Bian Zhouzi" even dreams about returning home - the flowers are falling in the deep pool, the spring is getting old, and people are still far away from each other, how embarrassing it is! The river flows with spring, and what flows away is not only the natural spring, but also the youth and happiness of the wanderers. The moonlight falling over the river and pond further accentuates his miserable loneliness. The heavy sea fog obscures the falling moon; Jieshi and Xiaoxiang are far apart in the sky, and the road is so far away. The word "Shen" intensified his loneliness; "Infinite Road" also infinitely deepened his homesickness. He thought: On this beautiful night of spring flowers and moon, I wonder how many people can take advantage of the moon to return to their hometown! His detached love, accompanied by the light of the waning moon, is sprinkled on the woods by the river...
"The falling moon shakes the trees all over the river with love." This concluding sentence "shakes love with the trees." "——The endless feeling of longing interweaves the feelings of the moonlight, the feelings of the wanderer, and the feelings of the poet. It is scattered on the river trees and also on the hearts of the readers. The charm is curling up and spreading. Mesmerizing.
"Spring River Flowers and Moonlight Night" surpasses the previous landscape poems that simply modeled mountains and rivers in terms of thought and art. It is a philosophical poem that "envy the infinity of the universe and waste my life for just a moment" and expresses the farewell feelings of children. Li Xu's love poem. The poet injects new meanings into these common traditional themes, integrating poetry, painting and philosophy. With the description of the moonlit night on the Spring River, he admires the wonderful scenery of nature, sings the pure love of the world, and expresses his love for the wanderer. The sympathy of the missing woman expands and is combined with the pursuit of the philosophy of life and the exploration of the mysteries of the universe, thus forming a beautiful and distant artistic conception in which love, scenery, and reason are in harmony. The poet deliberately hides the profound and beautiful art world in a confusing artistic atmosphere. The whole poem seems to be shrouded in an ethereal and confused moonlight, attracting readers to explore the beauty and sincerity in it.
The whole poem is written closely against the background of spring, river, flowers, moon and night, with the moon as the main subject. "Moon" is a fusion of scenes in the poem. It beats the poet's pulse and is like a life link in the whole poem. It runs up and down and brings life to life when it touches it. The poetry rises and falls with the rise and fall of the moon. The moon went through the process of rising - hanging high - leaning west - setting overnight. Under the light of the moon, rivers, beaches, sky, fields, maple trees, flower forests, flying frost, white clouds, flat dandelions, tall buildings, mirror stands, anvil stones, flying geese, diving fish and dragons, and sleepless longing women and the wandering wanderer, form a complete poetic image, showing a picture full of life philosophy and life interest. The color tone of this scroll is light and dense. Although it is outlined and dyed with ink, the "ink is divided into five colors", which shows the colorful artistic effect from the complementation of black and white, the complementation of virtual and real, just like an elegant Chinese ink painting, which embodies The beautiful artistic conception of the spring river with flowers and moonlit night.
The rhythm of the poem is also distinctive. The emotional melody that the poet poured into the poem is extremely sad and stirring, but the melody is neither a sorrowful song nor a fast and complicated string, but like a serenade or a dreamy song played by a violin, which is meaningful and meaningful. The inner feelings of the poem are so warm and deep, but they appear to be natural and peaceful, as regular and rhythmic as the beating of the pulse, and the rhythm of the poem also suppresses and turns accordingly. There are thirty-six lines in the whole poem, four lines have one rhyme, and one line has nine rhymes. It starts with the Geng rhyme in the flat tone, followed by the tired rhyme in the flat tone, the true rhyme in the flat tone, the paper rhyme in the oblique tone, the you rhyme in the flat tone, the gray rhyme, the wen rhyme, the hemp rhyme, and finally ends with the Yu rhyme in the oblique tone. The poet interacts with Yang Yun rhyme and Yin Yun rhyme, alternating high and low sounds, and the order is sonorous level (geng, chelate, true) - subtle level (paper) - soft level (especially, gray) - loud level (wen, hemp) )——subtle level (encounter).
The whole poem changes with the change of rhyme and rhyme, and the interlaced use of flatness and fatigue. It sings three sighs, calls before and after, and the loops are repeated and endless. The music rhythm is strong and beautiful. This change in pronunciation and charm is in line with the ups and downs of poetry. It can be said that the voice and emotion are closely linked, and they are harmonious and beautiful.