1. The water in Peach Blossom Pond is a thousand feet deep, not as deep as Wang Lun’s gift to me. Tang Dynasty. Li Bai's "Gift to Wang Lun"
2. Raise your head to look at the bright moon, lower your head to think of your hometown. Tang Dynasty. Li Bai's "Quiet Night Thoughts"
3. The apes on both sides of the strait can't stop crying, and the boat has passed the Ten Thousand Mountains. "Early Departure from Baidi City" by Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty
4. But the host can make the guests drunk, and they don't know where they are in a foreign country. Tang Dynasty. Li Bai's "A Visit"
5. All the birds are flying high, and the lonely cloud is alone. "Sitting Alone on Jingting Mountain" by Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty
6. The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city has deep spring vegetation. "Spring Hope" by Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty
7. The stone in the river will not turn, and the regret will be swallowed by Wu. Tang Dynasty. Du Fu's "Eight Formations"
8. I pity the children from afar, but recall Chang'an without understanding. "Moonlight Night" by Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty
9. It is the beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, and we meet you again when the flowers are falling. Tang Dynasty. Du Fu's "The Year of Li Gui in the South of the Yangtze River"
10. The endless falling trees are rustling, and the endless Yangtze River is rolling in. Tang Dynasty. Du Fu's "Ascend the High"
(1) Presented to Wang Lun
Tang Dynasty. Li Bai
Li Bai was about to set off in a boat when he suddenly heard singing on the shore.
The water in Peach Blossom Pond is a thousand feet deep, not as deep as Wang Lun’s gift to me.
. This poem embodies the poetic characteristics of the romantic poet Li Bai who wants to fall into the sky.
(2) Quiet Night Thoughts
Tang Li Bai
The moonlight shines brightly in front of the bed, which is suspected to be frost on the ground.
Look up at the bright moon and lower your head to think about your hometown.
Notes
Also: Looking at the moonlight in front of the bed, I suspected it was frost on the ground. Looking up at the mountains and the moon, looking down at my hometown.
Rhyme translation:
The bright moonlight shines in front of the bed, and it seems to be a piece of autumn frost in the blur. Look up at the bright moon, look down at the bright moon, and think about homesickness.
Commentary:
This is a poem about the homesickness of a distant visitor. The poem uses clear language to carve out the artistic conception of a bright, quiet and intoxicating autumn night. It does not pursue the novelty and peculiarity of imagination, nor does it abandon the exquisiteness and elegance of rhetoric; it expresses rich and profound content with fresh and simple brushwork. The scene is the scene, the emotion is the emotion, so lifelike, so moving, one will never tire of reading it a hundred times, and it is intriguing to interpret. No wonder some people praise it as "wonderful both ancient and modern".
(3) Early departure from Baidi City
Tang Dynasty. Li Bai
The white emperor's speech was among the colorful clouds, thousands of miles away from Jiangling in one day.
The ape cries on both sides of the strait are endless, and the boat has passed the Ten Thousand Mountains.
Notes:
1. Baidi: present-day Fengjie, Sichuan Province
2. Jiangling: present-day Jiangning County, Hubei Province. county.
3. One-day return: You can arrive in one day.
Rhyme translation:
In the early morning, I bid farewell to Baidi City, which is high in the sky. Jiangling is thousands of miles away, and the boat trip only takes one day. The sound of apes on both sides of the bank was still ringing in my ears, and before I knew it, the boat had passed through thousands of green mountains.
Commentary:
This poem is about scenery. In the second year of Qianyuan (759) of Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty, the poet was exiled to Yelang. When he was pardoned by Emperor Bai, he wrote this poem when he returned to Jiangling by boat. The poem is about describing the section of the Yangtze River from Baidi to Jiangling, where the water flows rapidly and the boat moves like flying. The first sentence describes the height of Baidi City; the second sentence describes the distance to Jiangling and the speed of the boat; the third sentence uses the shadow of the mountain to highlight the speed of the boat; the fourth sentence writes that the boat is as light as nothing, indicating that the water is flowing like water. The whole poem is sharp and straight, flowing straight down, the speed of the boat is so fast that it makes people feel far away. No wonder Yang Shen, a man of the Ming Dynasty, praised: "The ghosts and gods weep in the storm!"
(4) Traveling as a guest
Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty
Lanling fine wine and tulips, The jade bowl holds amber light.
But the host can make the guests drunk, and they don’t know where they are in a foreign country.
[Note] (1) Lanling: place name. (2) But: as long as.
[Translation] The fine wine produced in Lanling has a mellow tulip fragrance and looks as crystal clear as amber when held in a jade bowl. As long as the master drinks with me and gets drunk, I don't care whether this is her hometown or a foreign land!
(5) Sitting Alone on Jingting Mountain
Li Bai of the Tang Dynasty
All the birds are flying high, and the lonely cloud is alone.
I never get tired of seeing each other, only Jingting Mountain.
[Note] (1) Jingting Mountain: in the north of Xuancheng County, Anhui Province.
[Translation] The birds flew high and disappeared, and a lone cloud floated away leisurely. I stood on the top of the mountain, looking at Jingting Mountain, and Jingting Mountain also looked at me, and we looked at each other for a long time. Never get tired of it.
Jingting Mountain is located in Xuanzhou (the administrative seat is now Xuancheng, Anhui). Xuanzhou has been a famous county in the south of the Yangtze River since the Six Dynasties. Great poets such as Xie Lingyun and Xie Tiao once served as prefects here. Li Bai visited Xuancheng seven times in his life. This five masterpieces was composed when he visited Xuanzhou in the autumn of Tianbao's twelfth year (753). It had been ten years since he was forced to leave Chang'an in Tianbao's third year. The long-term wandering life enabled Li Bai to taste the bitterness of the world and see through the harshness of the world, which deepened his dissatisfaction with reality and added to his sense of loneliness. This poem describes the joy of sitting alone on Jingting Mountain. It is a portrayal of the poet's life of seeking comfort in the embrace of nature with the loneliness and loneliness caused by his unrecognized talent.
(6) Spring Hope
Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty
The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city has deep spring vegetation.
I am moved to tears by the flowers, and the birds are frightened by the hatred.
The war rages on for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold.
The white-headed scratches are shorter, and the lust is overwhelming.
Notes:
1. National destruction: refers to the capital Chang'an being occupied by rebels.
2. Sentimental sentences: Because of sighing about current events, I will shed tears when I see flowers.
3. Hun: Simply.
4. Too many hairpins: Because of the short hair, even the hairpins cannot be inserted.
Rhyme translation:
Chang'an fell and the country was shattered. Only the mountains and rivers remained. When spring came, the city was empty and sparsely populated, and the vegetation was lush and deep. Sentimental state affairs, in the face of the blooming flowers, can't help but burst into tears. The separation of relatives and the chirping of birds are frightening, which in turn increases the hatred of separation. Since the beginning of spring, wars have been raging frequently, and it has spread in March. News about my family in Jizhou is rare, and one letter is worth ten thousand dollars. I scratched my head with sadness and thought. The more I scratched my head, the shorter my white hair became. The hair fell out so short and sparse that it was almost impossible to insert a hairpin.
Commentary:
In July of the fifteenth year of Tianbao's reign (756), Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the Anshi rebels captured Chang'an. Suzong ascended the throne in Lingwu and changed the Yuan Dynasty to De. On his way to Lingwu, Du Fu was captured by the rebels and brought to Chang'an. He wrote this poem the following year (the second year of Germany). The poet witnessed the fall of Chang'an's flutes after the fall, and was deeply homesick after experiencing adversity. He couldn't help but sigh with emotion. The first and second couplets of the poem describe the devastation of the Spring City, full of sighs; the third and fourth couplets describe the situation of missing relatives, full of feelings of separation. The whole poem is calm and subtle, sincere and natural, reflecting the poet's love for the motherland and his feelings for his family. Modern scholars such as Xu Yingpei and Zhou Rongquan commented on this poem: "The meaning is thorough but straight, the scenes are comprehensive but not dissociated, the emotions are strong but not superficial, the content is rich but not complicated, the rhythm is rigorous but not rigid." This comment is quite interesting. For appropriateness. "A letter from home is worth ten thousand dollars" is also a famous saying that has been passed down through the ages.
(7) Eight Formations Diagram
Du Fu of Tang Dynasty
His achievements cover three parts of the country, so he is famous for his Eight Formation Diagrams.
The stone in the river will not turn, and the regret will be swallowed by Wu.
Notes:
1. Eight formation diagram: a figure composed of eight formations, used for military training or combat.
2. Three-point Kingdom: refers to the three kingdoms of Wei, Shu and Wu during the Three Kingdoms period.
3. The stone does not turn: It means that when the water rises, the stones in the eight formations remain still.
4. Devouring Wu by mistake means swallowing Wu by mistake.
Rhyme Translation:
During the Three Kingdoms period, Kong Ming’s achievements were the most outstanding, and the Bagua array he created has become famous throughout the ages. Despite the impact of the river current, the stone remained the same. The thousand-year regret was due to Liu Bei's mistake in trying to annex Wu.
Commentary:
This is a poem of praise. The author praises Zhuge Liang's great achievements, especially his military talents. Three or four sentences, expressing regret that Liu Bei swallowed Wu and lost his army, which ruined Zhuge Liang's grand cause of uniting Wu to fight against Cao and unify China. The last sentence echoes the beginning, and the three sentences echo the second sentence; in terms of content, it is both nostalgic and expressive, with emotions in the emotion and meaning behind the words; it is unique among the quatrains.
(8) Moonlight Night
Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty
Tonight in Yanzhou, I can only watch the moon in my boudoir.
I pity my children from afar, but I still remember Chang'an.
The fragrant mist and clouds make the servant girl wet, and the clear jade arms are cold.
Whenever I lean on the virtual guise, my tears will dry up under my eyes.
Notes
Luzhou: Today's Fuxian County, Shaanxi Province.
Brief analysis:
This poem was written in Chang'an in August of the fifteenth year of Tianbao (756). The whole poem is unique. The words are there but the intention is here. The poet's own longing for his wife is more profoundly expressed by imagining the scene where his wife misses him. It also expresses his desire for a happy reunion after the war subsides.
(9) In the Year of Li Gui in the South of the Yangtze River
Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty
It is common in Prince Qi’s house, and I heard it several times in front of Cui Jiutang.
It is the beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River, and we meet you again when the flowers are falling.
Notes:
1. Li Guinian: a famous musician in the Tang Dynasty. He was appreciated by Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty and later lived in the south of the Yangtze River.
2. King Qi: Li Fan, the younger brother of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty, was named King Qi.
3. Cui Jiu: It was Cui Di, who served as the palace supervisor at that time.
Rhyme translation:
Back then, I often saw your performances at King Qi’s residence, and I also appreciated your art many times in front of Cui Jiutang. I never thought that in this beautiful Jiangnan, it is the season of falling flowers, that I would meet you, an old acquaintance.
Commentary:
The poem is sentimental about the harshness of the world. Li Guinian was a famous singer in the early Kaiyuan years. He often sang in aristocratic houses. Du Fu was very talented when he was young. He often visited the court of Li Fan, the king of Yuqi, and Cui Di, the secretary supervisor, and was able to appreciate Li Guinian's singing art. The first two sentences of the poem recall the past contact with Li Guinian, expressing the poet's nostalgia for the prosperity of the early Kaiyuan years; the last two sentences express his emotion about the decline of the country and the displacement of artists. Only four sentences summarized the vicissitudes of the times and the great changes in life throughout the Kaiyuan period. The language is extremely plain, but the connotation is infinitely rich. The retired scholars from Hengtang rated it as: "Of the seven unique features of Shaoling, this is the best."
(10) Climbing high
Du Fu of Tang Dynasty
The wind is strong and the sky is high. The apes howl in mourning, and the white birds fly back from the clear sand in Nagisa.
The endless falling trees rustle down, and the Yangtze River never ends.
Wanli is always a guest in the sad autumn, and he has been sick for hundreds of years and only appears on the stage.
Hard and bitter, I hate the frost on my temples, and my new wine glass becomes muddy.
Notes:
1. Zhu: a small island in the water.
2. Hui: whirlwind.
3. A hundred years: still a lifetime.
4. Down and out: Still talking about poverty and decline.
5. New stop: At this time, Du Fu was quitting drinking due to illness.
Brief analysis:
This poem was written by Du Fu when he was in Kuizhou in the second year of the Dali calendar (767). The bleak autumn was vividly written by the poet, and the emotions it evoked were even more touching. This is not only due to the natural autumn, but also due to the strong emotional color of the poet's depiction of the autumn of life. The jawline couplet has a realistic scene and is a famous line that has been passed down to future generations. The two sentences and fourteen characters in the neck couplet contain multiple meanings, describing the hardships of life and making people feel strong sympathy.