The river in my home originated in the early days, and the official tour went straight to the sea.
It is said that the tide is ten feet high and the weather is cold with sand marks.
Shipantou on the south bank of Zhong Ling has had stormy waves since ancient times.
Try to climb to the top of the country. 6. There are many green hills in the north and south of the Yangtze River.
Afraid of finding the way home at night, the monk stayed to watch the sunset.
The breeze is all over the sky, the boots are thin, and the fishtail is red in the air.
Jiang Yue was born at that time, and it was dark in the second watch.
There seems to be a torch in the middle of the river, and the flying flame shines on the mountain, which is shocking (1 1).
What is a ghost or a non-human (12)?
Jiangshan is so reluctant to go back to the mountain (13), Jiang Shen naturally wants me (14).
Thanks to Jiang Shen for winning himself (15), a game never comes back like water (16)!
To annotate ...
① Jinshan Temple: Located on the Jinshan Mountain in the southeast of Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province, it was originally named Zexin Temple, also known as Longyou Temple and Jiangtian Temple, commonly known as Jinshan Temple. Jinshan used to be an island in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, but it is connected with the south bank of the Yangtze River due to sediment deposition.
② Home: This refers to hometown. Su Shi's hometown Meishan, Sichuan, is near the Minjiang River. The ancients thought Minshan was the birthplace of the Yangtze River, so Su Shi said so.
3 official travel: travel away from home because of being an official.
(4) Sand mark: the mark left by the river tide on the sand bank after the water level drops in cold weather.
⑤ Mausoleum: The famous spring is in the northwest of Jinshan. Pantuo: The boulder is uneven.
⑥ Extreme peak: the highest point of the mountain. Country: hometown.
⑦ Trouble: The trouble of living in a foreign country. G: It refers to the ship returning to Zhenjiang. Ba: Paddle, which means boat here.
⑧ Fine boot pattern: It describes that there are as many ripples on the river as on the leather boots.
Pet-name ruby red: describe the sunset glow on the horizon as red as carp tail.
⑩ Primitive creatures: After the third day of each month in the old calendar, the covered part of the moon gradually becomes brighter, which is called "becoming a spirit". Book of Rites: "On the third day of the month, I became a soul". Su Shi visited Jinshan Temple on the third day of November in the lunar calendar, and what he saw happened to be the "first living creature" month.
(1 1) Qi (Qi) Wu: A crow left in the nest.
(12) Under this sentence, the author notes: "I saw it at night."
(13) Returning to the mountain means retiring.
(14) warn me of stubbornness: give me a warning about my stubborn love custom and express my condemnation. The police came to a shock.
(15) Xie: Apologize and plead guilty to show repentance.
(16) Like a river: "Like a river" is an oath to the river. The ancients often swore by the sun, water, etc. , indicating that they show their hearts in front of these things. For example, Biography of Zu Ti in the Book of Jin: "(Zu Ti) Who swears:' Zu Ti doesn't know the Central Plains and helps others, like a big river. " "
Comment and analysis
Like the Sangha Pagoda in Sizhou, this poem was written on the way to Hangzhou in Xining for four years. Author/kloc-after leaving sizhou in October/October, he crossed Hongze Lake, turned southeast along the Grand Canal, passed through Chuzhou, Yin Shan and Yangzhou, and1/kloc-0 arrived in Jinshan, Zhenjiang, visited Baojue and Tong Yuan, stayed at Jinshan Temple for the night, and wrote this poem.
This poem begins with a deep nostalgia for the Yangtze River. Su Shi was born in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River by the Minjiang River, and he has special feelings for the Yangtze River. He left his hometown at the age of 2/kloc-0 and went to Beijing to take the exam. Although I returned to Sichuan twice because of my mother's death and my father's death, I have been on the official career for fifteen years. In fifteen years, he was dominated by fate, from the upper reaches of Shu River to Wan Li, and came to the Yangtze River, which was about to enter the sea. When he reunited with the waters of the Yangtze River after a long separation, his homesickness surged like waves on the river. "The river in my home originated in the early days, and official tours go straight to the sea ..." In my hometown, the Yangtze River originated at the foot of Minshan Mountain; But in order to pursue fame and fortune, I left my hometown and traveled to Wan Li, but I sent this long Yangtze River water straight to the East China Sea ... In this poem, I was overwhelmed by the uncontrollable * * *. The word "my home" looks ordinary, but it is the author's heartfelt call for his hometown, which has a shocking power to read; Compared with Li Bai's "Seeing Friends Off at Jingmen Ferry", this sentence "Official Tour Directly Delivers Rivers and Seas" not only shows more attachment to the Yangtze River, but also entrusts the official tour with a deeper style. Wang Shihan in the Qing Dynasty said that these two poems "describe half of Wan Li's life in one stroke" (Volume I of Comments on Selected Poems of Su Shi) were indeed true.
Next, the author describes the scenery of the Yangtze River. The sentence "smell the road" is false, because when the author arrived at Jinshan, it was already in the middle of winter, and he could no longer see the surging and lapping scene of the Yangtze River, so the author only said "smell the road"; All you can see in front of you is the "sand mark" left by the tide on the river bank. These two sentences are from virtual to real, dynamic to static, which roughly summarizes the landscape of the Yangtze River in different seasons. In the following two sentences, write about the abrupt and uneven Pantuo boulder in the river on the south bank of Zhonglengquan, and imagine that these boulders have been washed away by the river since ancient times, and the writing style has changed from reality to emptiness. Through the imagination across time and space and the description of the change of reality and reality, the author's surging emotions and wandering thoughts at this moment are expressed; His yearning for his hometown after such a long separation and his feeling for the ups and downs of his career are all revealed from this turbulent picture of Jiang Tao and the looming river stone.
With this deep homesickness and the fatigue of official travel, the author climbed to the top of Jinshan and looked far away. I saw Jiangnan and Jiangbei, and there were green hills everywhere, which blocked his homesickness. Of course, the author knows that from Meishan, the source of the river, to the banks of the Yangtze River flowing into the sea, even if there is no barrier, it is absolutely invisible. The author obstinately looked at the castle peak blocking the line of sight, but it just showed his infatuation. Both poems are emotional. When the author first saw the Yangtze River, the huge emotional storm in his chest subsided a little, and the whole poem entered a state of confusion and fantasy.
"I am afraid to find my home at night, and the mountain monks are bitter to watch the sunset." Due to the myriad thoughts and mixed feelings in my heart, the author has no intention to love the scenery in front of me for a long time, looking at the night and preparing to go down the mountain. However, Bao Jue and Tong Yuan repeatedly asked him to watch the sunset on the river. These two sentences play an important transitional role in structure: "worry" is obviously a kind of inheritance; The word "fear of being late" subtly implies the passage of time; "Peace in the Mountain Still Waiting for Sorrow" paved the way for later temples: "The Moon sets at the Second Watch" and "Ghost Nest". The word "sunset" directly leads to the following. This kind of writing style, which is closely connected between male writing styles and swaying in the longitudinal direction of circulation, can well reflect the artistic characteristics of Su Shi's seven ancient times.
The following two sentences describe standing on the Jinshan Mountain and watching the sunset at dusk and the sunset on the river. Because it is winter evening, the river is calm, and the river is wrinkled with fine ripples and sparkling, which reminds people of the fineness of boot lines; There is a fiery sunset in the western sky, and a few rays of sunset are scattered among the clouds, which reminds people of the red tail of carp. These two poems describe Jiang Tian and the magnificent scenery of the sunset in the Yangtze River. The metaphor of boots and fishtail is particularly vivid and peculiar, and it is a famous sentence in Su Shi's landscape poems.
The sunset disappears and night falls. The following six sentences turn to the description of the night scene on the river. Because it was the beginning of the month, a crescent moon briefly appeared on the western horizon and sank before the second watch. The river was dark and shrouded in a mysterious and solemn atmosphere. At this time, a fire suddenly burst out in the middle of the river, which seemed to light a torch. It is so bright and dazzling, the beating flame illuminates the whole Jinshan, and even the crows left in the nest are alarmed. Faced with this strange sight, the author's heart is full of doubts: this is not a common "ghost fire", nor will it be a fishing fire. What is that?
This strange phenomenon is probably what the ancients called "yin fire". In The Journey to the West's poem by Tang Dynasty poet Cao Tang, Su Shi may not know that "the rising tide gives birth to yin fire, and the weather is warm and the clouds are open". But he deliberately mystifies here, pushing the poem to * * *-
"Jiangshan is so reluctant to return to the mountain, and Jiang Shen is jealous of me." This is the author's explanation! He is so wonderfully connected with his homesickness that he imagines a "river god" who warns him because of his greed and stubbornness in his official career. This is really a wonderful pen from outer space! Is this the author's condensed thoughts and fantasies born from his heart? Or is he out of thin air and good at "jumping empty"? We have no way of knowing. But one thing is clear, that is, through this fantastic realm, the author's deep and strong homesickness is expressed in a very vivid way.
In the last two sentences, the writer made an oath to Jiang Shen. In fact, he poured out his heart in the face of the river. The word "have you got yourself" contains all kinds of complicated and contradictory feelings, with rich meanings. But in the end, he made up his mind that as long as his family can buy land to make a living, he must retire immediately; Also said that if you break your word, it will be like a river! He expressed his philosophical attitude of getting rid of the shackles of official career and seeking physical and mental liberation. The ending sentence buckles back to the beginning, echoes the first sentence, points out the theme of homesickness, and completely closes the whole poem.
The title of this poem is "You Jinshan Temple", but it does not describe the famous ancient temple, but mainly describes the scenery of climbing Jinshan overlooking the Yangtze River and the infinite homesickness derived from it. The whole poem revolves around the Yangtze River, starting from the hometown of the source of the Yangtze River, writing about the tides and sand marks on the banks of the Yangtze River, writing about the boulders along the Yangtze River lingering in stormy waves, writing about the green hills in the north of the Yangtze River, writing about the calm water surface in winter nights, writing about the colorful clouds all over the sky like the carp tail on the river, the crescent moon on the river on a cold night at the beginning of the month, the different fires in the middle of the river, and the angry "Jiang Shen" as a warning in the author's imagination. It is in this chanting of river, shore, stone, mountain, sky, moon and Jiang Huo that the author is deeply homesick and entrusted.
It goes without saying that this feeling of homesickness and nostalgia contains the author's depression and melancholy after he was excluded politically and his career was bumpy. But on the whole, the author still tries to get rid of this depression and shows an open-minded attitude of not seeking fame. The scenery of this poem is magnificent and colorful, and the heart of the river is different from fire. In particular, the writing is very strange, which not only shows the beauty of nature, but also fully shows the author's * * * and open mind. The author's original depression was quietly diluted in this high mood.
This poem is bold and unrestrained in style, but at the same time it can be rigorous and organized, which is the characteristic of Su Shi's middle-aged poetry creation. For example, in the first two sentences of this poem, the river leads to the yearning for the country, and the last two sentences are connected with the text from a distance, showing the meaning of returning farmland to the river, which has been echoed from beginning to end. In the middle, the phrase "strive to reach the top" was inserted, which was particularly eye-catching and hit the nail on the head. The first line runs through it, showing the author's emotional context very clearly. Wang Shihan said this sentence, "Pretending to look forward to the beginning and end" (Note on Selected Poems of Su Shi, Volume I), and the word "pretending" accurately revealed the author's ingenuity. For another example, after Homesickness, the author went on to write the sunset, the river, the sunset and the river moon, and the different fire in the middle of the river ... This poem seems to be difficult to fold. The last four sentences, together with an imagination of "Jiang Shen", not only make the theme of this poem very distinctive, but also make several layers of characters in front of the scene have a home, and the brushwork is extremely cautious. Ji Yun commented on this poem, "There must be no knot, and the two layers are combined into one." After all, it is clever and convenient. If not, how can the first paragraph be absorbed? "("Ji Su Ping Biography "Volume 7) is to the point. In addition, as the poem says, "I dare not go home in the dead of night, and the sunset remains to be seen in the mountains." I have already said it in my last article, so I won't repeat it here.