-Excerpted from the original work of Guanju.
Hu Yifan
Following the clue of the release and publicity of human nature, from the process of meeting, acquaintance, communication, acquaintance, falling in love, passionate love and even marriage discussion, this paper makes an empirical analysis of the evolution law of physiological, psychological, emotional and behavioral interaction between men and women, and verifies and reveals many problems that have plagued China people for thousands of years in Guanju and the true connotation and implication expressed in the whole poem. It is concluded that the study of the original meaning of Three Hundred Poems must be based on releasing human nature, returning to real life, carefully understanding the surroundings, thoroughly understanding the tension of words and cultivating human nature, so as to understand and accurately grasp the truth, goodness and beauty of human nature, its brilliance and its way. It is preliminarily defined that "300 Poems" is a collection of poems, including a guide to love, a handbook of married life and a report on sexual popularization.
Keywords: humanity; Xing; Methodology; Confucius; Love vision
It has a long history, far-reaching influence and is the most famous. It is recognized as the beginning of the "national wind". The Book of Songs has the highest number of 300 articles, with excellent words, meanings, sounds and feelings. The book Guanju, which is "happy without lewdness and sad without injury", has been presented with different opinions for thousands of years because it has not been solved. Making gifts based on emotion? Love poems, hymns? Poems about sages and satire? An educational poem of aristocratic marriage under the background of robbing marriage? A poem reflecting the noble class's view of love and marriage? Congratulations on your wedding? Or a song that describes a man's unrequited love? ..... This is really a strange thing in the history of China's poetry: although it is unclear, its charm still lasts forever. So in any case, in terms of the typical meaning of the song Guanju, it is impossible to be familiar with 300 seemingly obscure "poems" such as Confucius' thought.
So, what is the starting point of understanding the whole poem? What is the carrier behind beautiful words? Where is the root of its lasting artistic charm? ...... This paper will try to jump out of those complicated viewpoints, stop obsessing over those vast and unreasonable textual research and exegesis, and directly demonstrate to get rid of the appearance, seek the condensed and sublimated life experience hidden in it, and then find an effective way to understand the original meaning and even difficult poems of Guanju.
Guanju consists of five chapters, each with four sentences. For the convenience of narration, the full text is as follows:
Guan Heming's osprey, accompanied by the small continent of the river. Ladies make gentlemen.
Mix shepherd's purse and salvage it from left to right. Lady, ask for more happiness.
If you can't pursue it, the black nightclub misses her during the day. Miss Long, I can't sleep over and over again.
Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right. A lady is a friend of the harp.
Pull shepherd's purse from left to right. My Fair Lady, Bell and Drum Music.
As we all know, most of the poems in Three Hundred Poems have always been inspired by things, which is an almost insurmountable bottleneck that puzzles and hinders the interpretation of later generations, and has made many literati and poets addicted, confused and confused for thousands of years. So what is the symbolic meaning of the pigeon in the first sentence of the above poem, namely the osprey/cormorant? Through in-depth research in modern times, Wen Yiduo creatively explained the argot of courtship between men and women from the perspective of cultural anthropology in Myths and Poetry [1]; Later, Sun Zuoyun put forward the view that "Guan Ju" in the Book of Songs used an osprey to beg for fish to symbolize men's love for women [2]; Furthermore, Zhao Guohua's "On Reproductive Worship Culture" holds that birds and fish symbolize men and women respectively, and pigeons begging for fish in the river continent is a symbol of a gentleman's persistent courtship. [3] [4] ... It seems that the answer to the question has gradually taken shape.
Next, try to break enough paper gently:
First of all, the osprey was an ordinary and universal waterfowl in ancient China, especially in the areas of Weishui, Huanghuai and Jianghan Basin, and even today. Even if there was a fishing net in that era 3000 years ago, its material and firmness were almost not as good as today's fishing net, so fishing with domesticated osprey became a very realistic and efficient choice. As a folk song, the ancient ancestors were so romantic that they went further and further, and it was very unlikely to find some nihilistic love birds. If love birds is really recognized, Yuanyang and Fenghuang should really be the first choice;
Secondly, in the ancient sexual concept, the appearance of fish is a symbol of vulva worship, and the offspring of fish is a symbol of reproductive worship. Up to now, in some literary works, such as Xiao Fuxing's Eight Hutong Chapters, there is a saying that vulva is called "fish mouth" in folklore or traditional Chinese medicine. In addition, many unearthed cultural relics or paintings of birds holding fish or pecking fish [5] on the one hand verify that birds are symbols of male worship; On the other hand, it is also confirmed that the bird fish represents sexual intercourse between men and women. If the understanding stops here, then the real intention of fishing with osprey is still to see the flowers in the fog and have no way out. The key here, that is, the most fundamental reason for the prosperity of this thing, is the instinctive demand for survival, survival, species reproduction and inheritance, or a natural phenomenon with almost no answer like asking why cats are born to catch mice. The osprey fishing is almost unquestionable and justified. In contrast, there is no essential difference between humans and animals except for their unique thinking, so it is natural for men and women to "erotic". Based on this consideration, it is obviously easier for the public to understand and accept the osprey, a common and somewhat gloomy fishing method, to express that special meaning;
Third, carefully observe the movement of the osprey before fishing. Before the launch, the osprey usually makes a "off" call. Of course, after catching a fish, the fish in your mouth can't sing any more. Of course, it is also good for some men to understand or play the desire of women by giving the voice of "Guan Guan". However, there must be a premise that the osprey must stay by the river or on the beach. If you keep the osprey in the backyard of fishermen's homes and put it in the Woods or even in the desert, it will be futile for the osprey to shut down crazily and hysterically, and it will be severely tossed into a neuropathy. Therefore, on the premise of "on the river continent", there is a place for use, and at the same time, the beautiful artistic conception of the whole poem is rendered early. The river is clear, and birds are singing on the river continent, which is colorful and full of imagination. As for the interpretation of "river" as "Yellow River", it gives a simple folk song too much or too lofty connotation.
At this point, the content of "Pigeons in Guanguan, in Hezhou" is very clear: it uses the most common osprey fishing to describe that the initial motivation and even the inducement of male-female communication are based on nature-a natural human instinct that cannot be contained or even suppressed, which can be gradually developed under suitable environmental factors.
Then, the phrase "My Fair Lady, Gentleman, Good Gentleman" changed from a simple description of things to a description of people. Otherwise, the osprey is an osprey, a fish or a fish; A gentleman is a gentleman and a lady is a lady. Osprey fishing or gentlemen pursuing ladies still happen every day, and painting it is only a faithful record. After the processing and communication of human thinking, the images at this time are endowed with rich humanistic feelings, that is, beyond the simple animal instinct of men and women under mutual admiration and communication, and sublimated into a comprehensive emotional blend of physical and mental enjoyment. This kind of blending is in a wonderful natural artistic conception, and the aesthetic taste of the characters is born from it.
At this time, people can give full play to their rich imagination: did a man meet a beautiful woman by the river? Or is it the temptation of women's desire for love intentionally or unintentionally? Or is it? ..... In short, driven by instinct, a good girl with good looks, unsmooth amorous feelings or good moral character obviously proves that she has a natural irresistible magnetic attraction to the boys in Seeds of Love. That magic suddenly activated the intuitive aesthetic feelings stored in the subconscious-electric shock, trembling, love at first sight, short meeting-instantly. Therefore, the desire to be a happy partner with him has become a natural "wild dream" for the young man. This yearning or primitive impulse is like "the old monk told the young monk that the woman at the foot of the mountain is a tiger, and she will avoid it when she sees it, but what is the result?" The little story that the young monk said just now that he likes tigers embodies the natural law that opposites attract, and it can't be stopped. Besides, blocking is often the stupidest way. As for the interpretation of "gentleman" as "aristocratic man", it is obvious that class ideology is forcibly introduced into simple folk songs, so it is even more beside the point to cover up the universality of human instinct in human nature intentionally or unintentionally.
Since there is the idea of "cockiness", that is the physiological and psychological reaction that a normal man should have, that is, "gentleman". Otherwise, seeing My Fair Lady without any thoughts, or abruptly suppressing human innate instinct, is as dangerous as dragging the osprey off the beach, cutting it off from the river, not letting it go to the river, or even letting it see the shadow of the fish until it is psychologically distorted or even abnormal. If the man at this time is called a "villain", it is really not just an abuse of the word "villain". Think about the thousands of years of hypocrisy, immoral feudal ethics of China people's hearts for many generations of harm and poison, and the degree of their sexual repression, the heart is trembling with terror.
Of course, if men's "non-discrimination" is further deepened and even put into action, it will be the content to be expressed in the following chapters, otherwise it will only be a ripple when enjoying the past scenery. Regrettably, although Mr. Wen Yiduo, Mr. Sun Zuoyun and Mr. Zhao Guohua have crossed the threshold of interpreting Guan Ju, their subsequent interpretations are still caught in the rigid understanding of previous generations, which is far-fetched and incomprehensible, because the second chapter's "injustice means food, left and right flow" once again sacrificed the banner of prospering with things, and the sudden emergence of the flat land has become an obstacle to understanding.
Obviously, just "blowing a pool of spring water" is enough. Once that kind of "wild desire" sets off a huge wave, it is difficult to brake. Therefore, the development of the plot will not only stop at the riverside scene on the Qingming Festival, but two porters will drive to the city with five donkeys carrying charcoal. A willow forest, the branches are green ... "In the prologue stage described, the plot will definitely pass through the prologue and continue to deduce and deepen towards the chapter that constantly presents the wonderful and glorious humanity.
The young man is in love, and the telephone voltage increases in vain, so the strong desire to be a happy partner with my fair lady is enough to urge him to start from this starting point and establish a so-called communication channel with a girl who is almost unfamiliar or has never been in contact with. However, ignorant, in love for the first time, he obviously has no experience in how to approach the girl he likes. Even if he looks at it and thinks about it, his heart will beat faster, his palms will sweat, his face will flush, and his passion will ripple ... As for how to take further action, he will be even more at a loss, just like dealing with the short and uneven (that is, "uneven") "shepherd's purse" growing or spreading in the water. Although the business is so unskilled and uneven, boys usually do it. The activities of ordinary "flow", secret "flow" and quiet "flow" are as follows:
Get up the courage to follow the girl casually until her house number is written down, and then mobilize all possible relationships or channels to get to know the details of the girl and wander around her home, work or nearby; If they are alumni or classmates, they will consciously or unconsciously follow the female classmates and keep a proper distance in classrooms, libraries, canteens, paths and various occasions; If you are in the same class, the conditions will be even better, such as deliberately borrowing some learning tools, asking some "difficult questions", having nothing to say about one build and one build, creating some small accidents … creating some opportunities or excuses for starting contact; If the occasion is suitable, some events (study, competition, speech, competition, etc.) are also commonly used. Show some of your talents to attract girls' attention; Even it is reasonable to plan realistic scenes of unexpected encounters or heroes saving the United States ... there are many kinds, and so on. In short, no matter how "left" or "right", these are just peripheral work before entering the essence, and the goal of its "flow" is always to make it really wonderful My Fair Lady.
From the above analysis, we can see that "uneven leeks flow from left to right" is actually a vivid and extremely realistic description of the complex situation and inexperience of young men in the early stage of pursuing their favorite girls. Usually, he will show a simple, contradictory, helpless and timid "zigzag" psychology and a very flexible, jumping and innovative (that is, "left and right") observation and approach. As for the interpretation of "bumpy shepherd's purse flowing from left to right" as a real scene of a girl picking shepherd's purse from left to right by the river, it is really a kind of speculation and play!
Usually, the development of the above-mentioned "left-right flow" is extremely secretive, and even the boys themselves don't know when they are trapped in the role. Girls who have been "flowed" may not know that they have been strongly concerned by boys and have implemented so many plans or programs. In fact, with the observation, approach, contact and test ... it is estimated that every move, smile, word and deed of a girl have filled and occupied the whole world of boys, and I suddenly feel (understand) that she is the lover who misses her so much! At this time, I am afraid that the concept of "My Fair Lady" will be given or enlarged to newer content-using "sinking fish and falling geese" to express the sublimity and sacredness of girls in the eyes of boys, not far apart. Otherwise, there would be no song "Love is priceless": Who knows that love is priceless and can pay the price, let love struggle in my heart, walk behind you after many storms, with contradictions in my heart, ... I love you, love you, but it is difficult to speak, so I can only walk behind you secretly!
Next, it is also possible that the girl's casual glance or normal friendly expression or action often inspires the young man to extrapolate, so that no matter day or night, no matter whether he opens his eyes or closes his eyes, he doesn't talk about work or study ... In short, the young man is full of the girl's voice and smile-he can't get rid of it and can't stop, so that he often falls into self-imagination or actively plans how to pursue the girl. Of course, the "begging" here has not been put into action, and it is more manifested as unrequited love or unrequited love.
With the accumulation and fermentation of admiration and so many activities of "flowing from left to right", as a wishful young man, he may feel that the time is ripe. Perhaps at some point, young people themselves don't know where their courage or heroism comes from. When he bravely confesses to the girl with a hopeful and uneasy mood, the result is often that the beautiful and dreamy soap bubbles in his mind are "punctured", that is, "welcome".
What is the reason? Unless it is love at first sight or the heart has hit it off, in general, when a girl who is often in a passive position is courted or confessed by a reckless, incompetent or strange young man, her first instinct is to feel too suddenly afraid. Out of subconscious self-protection or other considerations, shy and reserved girls often choose to be cautious, rational or "refuse to make tea in cold water". It is worth noting that, because when any girl is being chased, she has complex ambivalence, including happiness, fear, want to refuse and welcome, struggle with herself and fear of being hurt. However, ignorant boys are often confused by this kind of "rejection" and "blow", and then fall into the suffering of acacia and love.
……
Suffering, it seems that time and space have stagnated, it seems that thinking has stopped, it seems that the sky is falling, and it seems that the end of the world has come ... The young man's whole body and mind are in a state of "semi-neuropathy" (that is, "leisurely"), and he can't sleep over and over again, speculating repeatedly (that is, "leisurely"). As we all know, after being rejected, my heart jumps like a rabbit. Maybe a series of regrets and regrets rise in my heart! Therefore, it is not only the young man who is tossing and turning leisurely-a great, naive and swaying picture of first love comes to his face.
Even if he is in a state of "leisure" and "semi-mental illness", there are usually mixed, complex and contradictory psychology in the self-ideological struggle of young men, such as full of hope, complete despair, heaven and hell, pain, sweet intoxication, cold and hot. The negative side of this kind of psychology will make young people who face setbacks choose to leave, protect themselves tightly, lick their wounds silently, and when they meet girls again, their eyes are mostly indifferent and they no longer pay attention to girls; However, perhaps all of a sudden, I found all the happiness in my life and the only meaning of life, that is to see her, hear her voice and be with her. In this way, the whole cycle of "leisurely tossing and turning" will be shortened a lot. At this time, the initial girl's "rejection" will trigger the young man's strong desire to conquer, his ambition not to fail, and his last-ditch pride will often prompt him to rethink what kind of action he should take. However, this kind of thinking is still in an intertwined, complex and contradictory psychological state, and the problems faced by this young man are brand-new, brand-new and unfamiliar, so it is reasonable that he can't find a better solution for a while. In other words, he once again entered the thorny situation of "uneven shepherd's purse", but this "uneven shepherd's purse" is different.