First, the primary perception of poetry by screening images
The so-called image refers to the psychological image that combines subjective feelings with external images, that is, the image in the mind, which melts the poet's thoughts and feelings in poetry and is a profound image formed by the poet's thinking. Poetry often uses images to express its meaning.
Scenery fusion is one of the common expressive techniques used by poets. "All scenery words are love words", and the analysis of love in poetry is naturally inseparable from the described scenery-image. When reading a poem, you can see the image first, and then make clear the lyric direction of the poem. "Cold rainy night into wu, Fu Jian ChuShan solitary. If relatives and friends in Luoyang ask each other, a piece of ice heart is in the jade pot. " (Wang Changling's "Parting with Xin Qiji at Furong Inn") The first two sentences, autumn rain and rivers, guests hiding in the mountains, render the sadness of parting. In the last two sentences, with a change of pen, I comforted my relatives and friends in Luoyang with the metaphor of "soldier Hu Xinyu", and naturally became emotional.
In China's poems, some images themselves have specific meanings, such as three noble friends (pine, bamboo and plum) and four gentlemen (plum, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum), which are metaphors of beautiful peach blossoms, rich and auspicious peony, sadness and parting of vitamins and running water that makes everything wither. By screening and analyzing the images used in poetry and some concrete images in poetry, it will naturally help us to interpret poetry. Xue Ying, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, wrote "Autumn Lake": "You are sad everywhere when you visit the five lakes. The ups and downs of the ages, who will ask the east. " Rolling water, together with images such as "falling * *" and "smoke waves", fully renders the word "worry", and the feeling of nostalgia hurts the present overflows the pen.
Second, from the image of poetry to the artistic conception of poetry.
The so-called artistic conception is the artistic realm formed by the fusion of the objective picture depicted in literary and artistic works and the expressed thoughts and feelings. It has the aesthetic characteristics of virtual reality, harmonious artistic conception and profound distance, which can make readers have imagination and association, be immersed in the scene and be infected in their thoughts and feelings. Artistic conception consists of images, which are contained in artistic conception. Therefore, the analysis of artistic conception is naturally inseparable from images.
"* * Looking at Jiangbei, West Western jackdaw is full of water." (Wei Yan's "Seeing Wei Join the Army in Danyang") Late autumn, dusk, Western jackdaw in the west and the long river all render the artistic conception of loneliness, silence and emptiness, which is endless. "Clouds are foggy, covering Yueyang City." (Meng Haoran's A Letter to Premier Zhang from Dongting Lake) "Steam" and "Wave Shake" give people a magnificent artistic conception from two aspects: the vastness and momentum of the lake. "The desert is lonely and straight, and the long river is around." The desert, solitary smoke, long rivers and falling rocks constitute a strange and magnificent scenery beyond the Great Wall, with an open picture and magnificent artistic conception.
When analyzing the artistic conception of poetry, we can learn from the following terms: static, static, colorful, boundless, far, warm, high, far, ethereal, vast, desolate, beautiful, hazy, simple, prosperous, barren, lonely, slim, dim, cold, sad, generous, lingering, magnificent and empty.
Thirdly, infer the theme of the poem from the image and artistic conception.
Theme is the central idea expressed in literary and artistic works and the core of ideological content of works. Poetry, like other literary works, often reveals the theme through narration, discussion and discussion, which is often easier to understand. If there are few narrative and discussion elements in the poem, we should analyze the theme with the help of images and artistic conception. Dai Shulun's Suxi Pavilion: "The grass grows in Suxi Pavilion, and who will lean on it when the east wind stops?" Swallows don't return to the Spring Festival Evening, and it's a misty rain and apricot blossoms. "What is the theme of this poem? Let's talk about the image first. " "The grass grows and the warbler flies" and "Spring comes late" point out the late spring season, which naturally makes people feel sad about spring and leave their sorrows. "Swallows don't return" is a metaphor for a wanderer who doesn't return. Coupled with images such as "a misty rain" and "apricot blossoms are cold", the artistic conception of endless frustration is rendered, and it is inferred that the main purpose of this poem is to express the lovesickness and parting hate of the people leaning against the bar.
In addition, with the help of images and artistic conception, readers can better understand poetry. "The green grass in spring has dyed the steps red, and the birds are chirping happily under the leaves." (Du Fu's Book of Letters) "Spring grass is green" and "Good Sound oriole" are boundless in spring. However, with the word "self" and "emptiness", a poetic heart naturally transitions to the following text without trace in the desolate artistic conception of "the grass in the courtyard is spring, and the new warbler is empty", "The third call is based on state affairs, and the second generation is sincere. But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats. " Who is the hero? When it comes to people with aspirations, including poets, who are interested in serving the country, the so-called "those who are pregnant are big and those who feel deeply". Liu Zongyuan's Jiang Xue: "There are no birds in hundreds of mountains, and there are no footprints in thousands of roads. A boat, a bamboo cloak, an old man fishing in the cold river-snow. " Qianshan and Wanjing put the fisherman in a broad background, adding the words "absolutely" and "absolutely" to make the quiet picture float and come alive, and adding "Leng Jiang" and "snow" to portray the lofty and arrogant fisherman image in this secluded and boundless artistic conception, so as to entrust their own politics.
Fourth, further push and express from the theme.
In the process of poetry appreciation, it is one of the indispensable appreciation abilities to analyze the expressive techniques and artistic skills used in poetry. Make clear the emotion and theme of poetry, and then further analyze how the poet expresses emotion and theme. That is to say, what to write first, and then further consider how to write. Li Bai's "Sitting alone in Jingting Mountain": "Birds are high, and lonely clouds go to leisure alone. Seeing each other tirelessly, I only respect Tingshan. " The interest of sitting alone in Jingting Mountain is a portrayal of the poet's loneliness caused by lack of talent and seeking comfort in the embrace of nature. The first two sentences seem to be the scene in front of us, but in fact they set off the loneliness and loneliness of the poet's mind, and they are the brushstrokes of blending scenes; The last two sentences use anthropomorphic techniques to describe the poet's love for Jingting Mountain and the blending of things and me.
In addition to rhetoric, common expressions include allusions, evocation, combination of reality and fiction, association, imagination, contrast, combination of static and dynamic, combination of positive and negative, blending of scenes, expressing objects and so on.
Of course, the order of appreciating the four steps of poetry is not fixed, and more factors should be mobilized to help us interpret poetry. It is the reading realm that we pursue to really improve our poetry appreciation ability and better understand poetry.