Author: Li Shangyin
Yang Nan, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, went to Jiangdu regardless of safety, and nine palaces were among them, paying attention to faith.
During the spring outing, the national scissors are made of silk, half of them are mud and half are sails.
Precautions:
1, No.9 Middle School: refers to the residence of the emperor.
2, barrier mud: horse.
3. Sui Palace: refers to Jiangdu Palace built by Yang Di Yang Guang for entertainment, located in the northwest of Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province. In addition, there is Suiyuan.
4. Southern Tour: Emperor Yang Di visited Jiangdu many times to satisfy his desire for debauchery and happiness. No martial law: The ancient emperors had to impose martial law when they went out, and Emperor Yang Di made a southern tour to show that the world was peaceful and did not impose its luxury style.
Nine Heavens: The deep palace where the emperor lived, here refers to Yang Di. Province (Xing sober): Provincial inspection. Letter of protest: sealed letter of protest. In July of the 12th year of Great Cause (6 16), Yang Di made three tours to Jiangdu. At that time, farmers all over the country revolted, and Feng Xinlang, Cui Xiangmin and Wang Airen wrote letters to remonstrate, and they were all killed.
6. The whole country: the whole country. Gong Jin: Brocade woven according to the format stipulated by the imperial court.
7. Mud barrier: stirrups are placed under the saddle and hung on both sides of the horse to block the soil.
Rhyme translation:
Yang Di went south to Jiangdu regardless of his safety.
Who cares about the advice letter of Jiuchong Palace?
Silk brocade cut all over the country during the spring outing,
Make half horse mud and half sail.
Appreciate:
? This quatrain satirizes Yang Di's extravagance and obscenity. Typical themes are selected in this poem, which reveals the ugly nature of Yang-ti's wanton refusal to remonstrate, regardless of national security and people's life and death, and implies the inevitability of the demise of the Sui Dynasty. At the beginning of the two issues, I went out of the south, went my own way, and drew the face of a lonely thief. Three or four sentences are the crime of exhausting people's strength by making brocade sails. The language is concise and concise, and the derogatory meaning is quite deep.
This is a poem about history. The combination of narration and discussion fully shows the extravagance, debauchery, ignorance and cruelty of Emperor Yang Di. It is a masterpiece among many fable poems in history.
poetic sentiment
The Sui Palace sung by Song Zhong refers to the three palaces of Jiangdu, Xianfu and Linjiang built by Yang Di in Jiangdu (now Yangzhou, Jiangsu). According to Zi Tong Zhi Jian, Yang Di was born in the first year of Daye and died in the twelfth year (605-6 16).
Three trips to Jiangdu, the dragon boat he took was four stories high, pointing directly at the sky; The rest of the ships are connected end to end, more than 200 miles long. More than 80,000 soldiers were used to pull the boat alone, and its luxury can be seen.
The first sentence of this quatrain describes Yang Di from dissolute to stupid and reckless. After spending a lot of manpower, material resources and financial resources to dig the Grand Canal, he repeatedly "went south on impulse", and the word "no martial law" in the sentence vividly outlined the happy, desperate and complacent mentality of Emperor Yang Di.
sequence
The second sentence continues to describe the fatuity and brutality of Emperor Yang Di, which is due to luxury and lewdness, and promoted his luxury and lewdness-the two are mutually causal. The "nine heavies" in the sentence refers to the place where the emperor lived; who
Province (xing) means who realizes it. "Who" actually refers to the Emperor Yang Di. At that time, his officials, such as Cui and others, witnessed the poverty and unrest of people everywhere. They went to the dining table to persuade Emperor Yang Di to abstain from extravagance and thrift, and were killed.
This sentence looks like a rhetorical tone, but it is actually a statement; The word "who saves who" is very powerful. Emperor Yang Di ignored the advice of his subordinates. From this particular point of view, this poem almost wrote that Yang Di the Great swept the world, completely ignoring it.
People are backward, bent on their own way, confused and decadent.
In the last two sentences, when Emperor Yang Di made his southern tour, he made every effort to use precious court brocade as stirrups and sails. Gong Jin, according to the norms formulated by the court.
And brocade; Mud, that is, stirrups, are used to cushion saddles and hang on both sides of horses to block mud, so they are called mud. These two poems are both words, exaggerated and ironic, with far-reaching artistic conception; and the spring breeze, like scissors, cuts open the whole country.
Gong Jin was used as a spear and sail for the southern tour, but the people's ointment was so squandered and practiced; It is impossible for people all over the world, from waterways (canal areas) to land, to be harassed by tourists and horses from the south of Emperor Yang Di.
Be tolerant. The potential crisis of national subjugation and the surging waters of the river can be seen in the eyes of readers!
This epic shows the solemn atmosphere at the turn of the century and profoundly reveals the historical origin of the demise of the Sui Dynasty.
Reason; Borrowing the ancient to satirize the present is disturbing the kings of the late Tang Dynasty. The poet also wrote another poem named Sui Palace, which also described the emperor Yang Di's southward journey-the throne of emperor Yang Di was replaced by Li Tang, and his dragon boat was terminated.
You, like this four-line poem, are very clever, subtle and full of irony.