Generally speaking, writers use scenery to express their feelings. You can find scenery in poems to judge musical scenes and sad scenes, and to judge feelings. .
First, the category of image artistic conception
The topic of image and artistic conception mainly examines the understanding of lyric subject image, the analysis of poetic image and the appreciation of poetic artistic conception.
Questioning method
Image: What kind of image does this poem depict? What are the characteristics of the scenery?
Image artistic conception: what artistic atmosphere does poetry create? Or directly point out a picture and ask for a simple appreciation.
background knowledge
1. Image-The image in poetry not only refers to the lyric hero (lyric subject image) in lyric poetry, but also refers to the scenery and things described in poetry. Image is an "image" with "meaning" and an objective image used by poetry to entrust the poet's subjective feelings, including scenery and things.
2. Artistic conception-the artistic realm formed by the organic integration of the poet's thoughts and feelings and the life picture depicted in the poem. Common terms of artistic conception characteristics: prosperity, loneliness, tranquility, beauty, magnificence, bleak desolation and quietness.
Answer mode
Image analysis: feature+image location
Interpretation of image artistic conception: artistic conception description+feature generalization (or effect analysis). That is, first describe the artistic conception of the poem in your own words, and then summarize the characteristics of the scene (such as majestic, broad, deep, quiet and beautiful, bleak and desolate, full of vitality, lonely and deserted, etc.). ), or simply explain the effect of artistic conception.
True question verification
Example 1 (National Volume 1, 2009) Read the following song poem and then answer this question.
Cishi Lake (1) book fan rhyme
Jiang Kui [Song] (2)
At the west corner of the bridge, the duckweed is green and marked on the bank pavilion.
Don't open the door if you live in Shihu, where there are many lotus flowers.
Note ① Shihu: Fan Chengda (1126-1193), a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, left his post in his later years and lived in Shihu (now Suzhou, Jiangsu). ② Jiang Kui (1155—1221? ): Yao Zhang, a Taoist named Baishi, was born in Poyang, Raozhou (now Poyang, Jiangxi). He wandered the Jianghu and never became an official. In the summer of the 14th year of Xichun (1 187), I visited Fan Chengda, and this poem was written at this time.
Q: What kind of picture does this poem depict? What scenery is it made of? Please describe it briefly.
A: The poem depicts a picture of a quiet and tranquil water town in the south of the Yangtze River, and describes the scenery such as small bridges, flowing water, villages, green banks, duckweeds, lotus flowers, people's homes and courtyards.
Analysis: This problem belongs to the category of image analysis. The first question is that the image picture is positioned as "a picture of a water town in the south of the Yangtze River", which is characterized by "tranquility", and the answer can be obtained by simple integration. The second question can be answered according to the requirements of the stem.
Example 2 (Liaoning Volume 2009) Read the following Song poems and then answer this question.
Yueyang late sleeper
Ouyang Xiu [Song]
I smell the bells of Yueyang city, and I am rowing under the trees in Yueyang city.
Look at the bright moon, Jiang Lai is empty, the clouds and water are boundless, and the rivers and roads are lost.
In the middle of the night, Jiang Yue found Hui, and song month, the Water Man, came back.
I can't hear the long whistle, and the canoe flies like a short blow.
Q: There are three places in the poem where "moon" is written. Please give a brief comment on this.
A: The third sentence states that the moon is "coming" hanging in the river, indicating that the author is on a trip with only the bright moon as his companion; The fifth sentence uses anthropomorphic method to present the picture of "when is the bright moon" in the quiet night, and also serves as the guide for the fisherman to return home in the next sentence; The sixth sentence wrote that moonlight led house boat to fly home singing songs, bringing out the author's homesickness.
Analysis: This topic requires direct appreciation of the image of "moon", which belongs to the interpretation of image artistic conception. The answer is to describe and explain three poems involving the image of "moon" before explaining the effect.
Second, the emotional theme class
The theme of emotion mainly examines three aspects: understanding the expressed feelings, revealing the deep meaning of poetry and grasping the theme of poetry.
Questioning method
Emotion-what kind of emotional interest does poetry express (what changes have taken place in thoughts and feelings)? Or ask to analyze what kind of artistic conception this poem contains.
Theme-What kind of social reality does it reflect (what is the theme)? Or ask questions about the main sentence and key words, and ask to analyze the emotional theme.
background knowledge
We should be familiar with five common emotional types in classical poetry:
1. Life aspirations, including the desire to make achievements, the lament over the difficulty in rewarding ambitions, the frustration over the ups and downs of official career or the frustration of official career, the pursuit of a clean life, the love for mountains and rivers, and the ambition to retire to rural areas.
2. Worrying about the country and the people includes exposing the fatuity and decay of the rulers, showing the pain of the decline of mountains and rivers, reflecting the heroism of the frontier fortress, worrying about the people leaving troubled times, worrying about the fate of the nation, and lamenting the ups and downs of the past.
3. Perceptions of life, including mourning for the Spring and Autumn Period, lamenting that life is short and fleeting, feeling sad and changeable, and expressing the joy of comforting life.
4. Homesickness, including travel worries, missing relatives and friends, homesickness at the border and boudoir feelings.
5. Farewell feelings, such as disappointment, deep affection, frank heart and so on.
Answer mode
Emotion: summary of poetry content+emotional characteristics.
Theme: the specific content of poetry+emotional characteristics or the theme of poetry.
True question verification
Example1(National Volume II, 2009) Read the following Tang poems and then answer this question.
Jun cheng Zao Qiu
Tang Dynasty
The bleak autumn wind was involved in the garrison last night; Looking around, I saw the bright moon in the west and Leng Yun rolling.
Repeatedly ordered brave soldiers to chase the enemy and not let a horse escape from the battlefield.
Question: What kind of feelings does the last two sentences of the poem express? Please analyze it briefly.
A: The last two sentences of the poem show the heroic feelings of the author as a general guarding the border, with high morale and firm belief in winning. The third sentence is to deploy, strive to attack and show high morale; The fourth sentence is about the determination to destroy the enemy and show confidence in winning.
Analysis: the appreciation point is "emotion", the answer idea is the total score, and the emphasis is on grasping the content and emotional characteristics of the poem.
Example 2 (National Volume 1, 2008) Read the following Song poems and then answer this question.
Four Songs in the Middle of the River (Part Two)
Pan Dalin [Song]
The West Mountain leads to the Tiger Cave, and the Red Cliff hides the Dragon Palace.
The shape wins three countries, and the waves flow all over the world.
Shaming fists leave herons, and the sea is wide and the sky is flying.
I admire the fisherman most, returning to the boat in the rain.
Question: From the whole poem, what kind of life does the author yearn for? Please analyze it briefly.
A: The author yearns for seclusion. (1) the first two poems, the author from the present situation, into nostalgia.