The reform movement that followed promoted women's education to the height of enriching the country and strengthening the species, which led to the rise of women's education movement in the late Qing Dynasty.
In this period of great historical change, Qiu Jin, the heroine who started feminist women's studies and later joined the democratic revolutionary movement, is famous for her brilliant career.
Xu Manxian, a strange girl, is also known as one of the "three outstanding women in Zhejiang" with Qiu Jin. She and Qiu Jin are not only close friends for many years, but also like-minded. Together, they walked hand in hand in the tide of the times and actively advocated women's rights, leaving a strong impression on Shanghai in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China.
The name of the poem is earlier than that of Xu Manxian when he was a teenager. Her name is Lan. She was born in Deqing County, Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province in the first year of Tongzhi. After she became a famous official, her father, Xu Benxuan, was then an acquaintance of the Taiping government in Anhui.
Xu Manxian, a talented woman, was extremely clever since she was a child. When I was four or five years old, someone gave me a copy of Shi Mao, and I could recite it. /kloc-at the age of 0/0, he wrote a poem "Peony belongs to a group of fragrant crowns, but it is not as noble as Dongli", which was more appreciated by people at that time. And the dragon, there is even an amazing saying, "The sunset is half red, and the bells shake the clear sky."
She also carved Anyatang's poems for her father and wrote Selected Poems of Good Flowers and Stones. At that time, people praised her poems as "in and out of the Tang and Song Dynasties, without the soft habits of the boudoir".
Xu Manxian, born of a scholarly family and a gifted scholar since childhood, is exactly like Ye Xiaoluan, the prototype of Lin Daiyu in A Dream of Red Mansions.
(Ye Xiaoluan) is four years old and can recite Li Sao. Just count it a few times.
When I went home at the age of ten, it was already cold. At night, I sat with the lights on, the wind was blowing outside the sill, and the moon was as bright as day in front of the curtain. The lingering sound said: "Gui Han is clear and wet." Children should say, "Maple is cold and red."
However, unlike Lin Daiyu, who is dependent on others and helpless, Xu Manxian, a well-off family, has a stable and happy life in her girlhood.
When spring came, she happily wrote a poem: "The partridge sings like a dream, the small window is red and the peach blossom is green", "I occasionally pick up the fallen flowers to sort out the birthday characters, and play with cigarettes to make a chain".
In summer, during the rainy season, she "folded two volumes, falling flowers like rain, living in a closed house", and in the midsummer afternoon, "I don't know it is dusk when I wake up, but I know the sunset is low".
In autumn, I enjoyed a trip to Dojo Mountain. As soon as she came up, she said, "Now I'm in Baiyun, and the ruins are chasing Wei Suyu Bureau (Su Shi used to work in Chengdu Jade Bureau)."
At the end of the year, it was snowing, and she enjoyed the plum, the moon and the snow;
Plum blossom is a thin shadow of spring, and there is no dust in the snowy moonlight.
As a girl, Xu Manxian is very much like Jia Baoyu. She just entered the Grand View Garden and everything went smoothly. Listen to the rain in spring and enjoy the cool in summer, enjoy the moon in autumn and listen to the snow in winter. Throughout her life, there were poems everywhere.
However, Xu Manxian, who is in the cloud of happiness at this time, would never have thought that she would one day spend the rest of her life in a widowed life after a short and happy marriage like Xue Baochai in the book.
The immortal couple Tian also envied 1888. Xu Manxian, the oldest leftover woman in A Dream of Red Mansions, married Zhao Shichang in the same county.
This Zhao family is also the home of officials. Zhao Shichang's grandfather, Zhao Jingxian, was once the governor of Hunan.
Zhao Shichang, whose name is Hou Li, is also a handsome son and has written a book "A Guide to Rhyme".
After marriage, the husband and wife lived in the brick alley of clothing street and lived a happy life of playing the piano, playing the piano and singing.
During their six-year marriage, they also left a 16-character seal engraved with "article confidant, Chai Mi couple, Zhao Shichang, Xu Wei, Lan", which can prove that the two have the same interests and deep feelings.
However, Heaven envies talents and Heaven envies loving couples, so as the saying goes, loving couples never end.
1894, on the way to Beijing to catch the exam, Zhao Shichang suddenly felt cold all over, and then turned into white measles. After more than ten days, he became ill and died soon.
Xu Manxian, who experienced bereavement, fell into deep depression with tears in every word:
inductance
With a flick of a finger, quick double pills have been dreamed of for 20 years.
Autumn clouds should be three points thin and horizontal.
Don't worry about magic and depression, remember the past with tears.
Poverty is bound to be difficult, and there is no need to lose money.
No matter what kind of life difficulties and deep blows you encounter, life will always move on.
In the predicament of life, Xu Manxian, a talented woman, learned a painful lesson and resolutely shouldered the burden of serving her in-laws and raising young children with her weak shoulders.
For ordinary people, life is not just about getting along, but also about poetry and distance; This is especially true for talented woman Xu Manxian.
Therefore, in the widowed life of raising children, she began to study A Dream of Red Mansions tirelessly in her spare time.
Her seven poems with the last seven sentences of My Book are all written by Lin Daiyu, which shows the poet's obsession and love for Daiyu and his deep regret for Baochai's love tragedy. Let's record some songs to read:
Both love and heaven are fallen immortals, and the two young people have no speculation about their relatives in the town; Remember what happened in the cupboard and play the word pin pin.
Chrysanthemums are flying fast, and the rhyme is divided into powder fields; Who was the first to win the championship? I was the only one who was sick at that time.
Pear blossoms do not make spring, and dreams are not true; It's really unlucky to be covered in jade lang. Who is an empty door?
Bao Dai's childhood friends, two young people's ignorance, Dai Yu's peerless talent, troubles and diseases, Baoyu's infatuation and escape into an empty net. On this day, great love is boundless, the loved one is dead, looking for marriage, and the uninformed one is gone forever. This fantasy world in the Red Mansion makes people intoxicated and unable to extricate themselves.
Xu Manxian even devoted himself to the study of A Dream of Red Mansions, and eventually wrote a book "Drama Spectrum of A Dream of Red Mansions", which became the originator of China's boudoir redology research.
Generally speaking, A Dream of Red Mansions is a folk game invented by Xu Manxian according to A Dream of Red Mansions.
This game relies on the traditional Ye Zi opera.
The so-called leaf play is an ancient card game, because cards are only as big as leaves, so it is called leaf play.
Of course, you can also say that "Falling Leaves in the Red Chamber" is a mahjong instruction manual with the theme of the Red Chamber. The specific gameplay is:
In a Dream of Red Mansions, Jin Chai and Maid chose 42 cards, two for each, making 84 cards.
There are only 300 cards in the whole deck: Baoyu, a vast scholar and a mysterious real person, and the rest are all family decorations, which are divided into eleven categories: tenderness, chastity, friendship, pity, seclusion, pregnancy, mediocrity, wisdom, pride, jealousy and family transfer.
Four people play, one person sits in the villa, twelve dealers and eleven idlers. Just like ordinary mahjong, the sliver belongs to the sliver, the bobbin belongs to the bobbin, and the three cards are a group, each according to its type. Love belongs to love, love belongs to love, and brand names cannot be the same. As long as you add the words "rich and immortal", "dark water and fragrance" and "cold rhyme and elegant fragrance", you can play Hu cards.
This deck of cards is quite complicated to play. You must be familiar with all kinds of figures in the Grand View Garden and memorize formulas.
Therefore, Ye Zi Opera in the Red Chamber has put forward a great test to the player's Dream of Red Mansions, so it has not become popular in the society.
In the book, Xu Manxian combines her years of experience and personal talents in learning A Dream of Red Mansions, and consciously permeates many female consciousness.
Therefore, this game is actually to study a dream of red mansions in the form of mahjong tiles, and Xu Manxian became the first person to study a dream of red mansions for women.
Shanghai 1906 In the last year, Qiu Jin set up a "Tianzu Club" in Shanghai to encourage women to be liberated from the bad habit of foot-binding, and Xu Manxian also actively participated in the advocacy.
Soon, she was hired by Qiu Jin as a Chinese teacher in a girls' school.
Since coming to Shanghai, Xu Manxian has broadened his horizons and become more diversified and open-minded.
1965438+In May 2002, Xu Manxian also participated in the establishment of China Women's Industry Association. At the end of this year, the women's industrial company organized by the association also successfully opened in Shanghai.
The company was the first women's clothing store that appeared at that time, which was reported in detail in Shenbao.
Xu Manxian also personally wrote a couplet cloud:
Beginner in business, willing to be domestic. Failing to participate in politics, talking about hiding in the city.
Shortly after she boldly set foot in the business world, Xu Manxian went one step further and co-founded Xiang Yan Magazine, a women's magazine, in May 19 14.
Since the first issue, Xu Manxian has been the editor of the magazine, making suggestions for the magazine and writing poems.
In addition to poetry creation, in order to attract readers' attention, Xu Manxian also tried to create his own novels, and published detective novels Wandering, erotic novels Curing Prostitutes and chivalrous novels Zhou Lianfen in Xiang Yan magazine, which showed the literary talent of a generation of talented women.
Later, his son, Zhao Gan Kuang, took the baton from his mother and became an important writer of Mandarin Duck and Butterfly School, who was as famous as Zhou Shoujuan, Yan, Zhang Henshui and Zheng. Its editor-in-chief Red Rose magazine lasted for nine years and had a wide influence.
Just like Daiyu, she was famous for her poems since she was a child. Later, like Shi Xiangyun, she was "both talented and beautiful", but her husband died young, just like Wei, the grandson of Wang Sun. Fate arranged for her to live alone, just like Xue Baochai.
I think beauty is unlucky since ancient times, and God has quietly closed the door to happiness for her. But how do I know that she accepted the challenge, serving her in-laws, educating children, teaching girls' schools, getting involved in business and starting a magazine? She set an example for women all over the world and set an example everywhere, much like Jia Tanchun, a reformer in the Grand View Garden.
Like a phoenix reborn from nirvana, she quietly opened another window for her life.
Outside the window, the spring is bright, the wind and the moon are bright, and the sea and the sky are the same.
Xu manxian.
She seems to come slowly from the sea and sky, graceful and like a fairy.