The origin of China's poems, recorded in writing, should start from the Western Zhou Dynasty. China's earliest collection of poems, The Book of Songs, is a collection of folk songs from the Western Zhou Dynasty to the mid-Spring and Autumn Period and works by upper-class noble literati. 305 books are the seeds of China's poems and China's literature. "Confucius said 300 poems, in a word, the thought is innocent!" It means the Book of Songs.
The Book of Songs is divided into three categories: wind, elegance and ode, among which elegance is divided into elegance and elegance. There are couplets: Four Books, Ode to Ya and Three Kingdoms, Wei Shuwu, in which elegance and vulgarity are divided into different sizes. The most striking feature of poetry is that it is full of imagination and emotion; Secondly, it reflects social life. To put it bluntly, poetry comes from the people, from life, but it is higher than life.
In the Warring States period, it was probably the 4th century BC. A group of Chu literati represented by Qu Yuan and Song Yu, relying on the unique foundation of Chu culture, merged with the northern culture and created a new poetic style-Chu Ci.
The representative work is Li Sao written by Qu Yuan, a patriotic poet. On the basis of three or four sentences in The Book of Songs, it developed a five-character and seven-character sentence pattern, absorbed the romantic spirit from the content, and set a precedent for the romantic style of China literature. It's like "The road is long, Xiu Yuan, Xiu Yuan, and I will go up and down." Full of patriotic feelings.
Following the Book of Songs and Songs of the South, poetry developed into a new form in the Han Dynasty, that is, Yuefu folk songs, whose representative work was Yuefu Poetry (later edited by Guo Maoqian in the Northern Song Dynasty). Most of the works of this collection of poems are five-character poems, which shined brilliantly in Wei and Jin Dynasties. We are familiar with the works of this period, such as Sang, Mulan Poem, Peacock Flying Southeast, Poem of Resentment, Yan Ge, and Ode to Luoshen.
Fu is a form between poetry and style. In Wen Xin Diao Long, Liu Xie said: "Taking talents as the text and things as the text" refers to the characteristics of Fu. Han Shu's "Records of Literature and Art" says: "Recite without singing." Although there are many controversies about whether Fu belongs to poetic style in later generations, as far as its form is concerned, it is born out of The Book of Songs and Songs of the South, and there is no need to argue.
During the Wei and Jin Dynasties, the shadow of Tang poetry has been formed. Cao Zhi's seven-step poem "Boil beans and burn bean baskets, and beans cry in the kettle." This is the same root, why bother to fry each other? " Five-character quatrains are well reflected. First-class poetry developed into the Tang Dynasty, and with the prosperity of the Tang Dynasty, it ushered in the peak of prosperity, which was the heyday of China's poetry.
A large number of outstanding poets, such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Bai Juyi and Wang Zhihuan, have sprung up like mushrooms after rain, and their stars have been shining for hundreds of years, leaving more than 40,000 Tang poems, which have become a magnificent page in China's literary treasure house. His poems are mainly composed of five words and seven words, with quatrains and metrical poems as the body and pastoral and frontier schools as the school, reaching the highest peak of the poetic realm that has never been seen before and has never been seen since.
The peak of Tang poetry is insurmountable, and the Song Dynasty created a new poetic style. A new style of poetry-Song Ci stands out. This is another milestone in the history of China literature. Poetry can express, but words can convey meaning. Words can be divided into poems, middle tones (preface) and long tones according to the number of words.
Within 58 words, it is called Xiao Ling, such as Bu Operator and Ru Meng Ling; 58 to 90 words are alto, such as "Li Zimei" and "Xiao Zhongshan"; Those with more than 90 words are called long tunes, such as Jade Butterfly and Man Fang Ting. The appearance of this style of ci poetry has made China literature climb to a new height, comparable to the literary status of Tang poetry. As far as the style of Song Ci is concerned, it can be divided into graceful school and bold school, which basically refers to two stages: the Northern Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty. During the Northern Song Dynasty, people lived a stable life and there were many beautiful poets.
After the Southern Song Dynasty, due to the invasion of Jin, people were displaced and their home life was destroyed, which inspired a large number of passionate poets, such as Yue Fei, Xin Qiji and Su Shi, to turn to the agitation. During this period, even the first poet Li Qingzhao became heavy.
Today, people still miss Xiang Yu because he refused to live and returned to the East. "Full of strong patriotic feelings. Xin Qiji: "See the sword when you are drunk and dream of blowing the horn? "It is more pioneering and shows its strength.