Perspective before class
This is a children's poem. The whole poem combines natural science knowledge and vivid language, and introduces many subtle natural phenomena in nature that can help people identify their directions. Poetry is easy to read and understand, with a strong sense of rhythm and neat rhyme, which is suitable for reading aloud. Stimulate students' interest in nature and observe nature through learning, and explore the good wishes of discovery.
The content of the text is interesting, and students may have been exposed to it in extracurricular reading. In teaching, there is no need to overemphasize whether you understand the meaning of the text, and the focus should be on "stimulating students' interest in natural science, exploring nature and expanding extracurricular knowledge".
Therefore, in teaching, students should be given the opportunity to understand the content of the text, so that they can read the text in doubt, find answers, understand natural phenomena in reading and feel the fun brought by natural science in discovery. Give them full opportunities for exploration and discovery, realize interdisciplinary integration, and leave enough space for children to display and exchange their extracurricular knowledge.
Teaching objectives
1, can recognize 4 new words and write 9 words.
2. Read and recite the text correctly, fluently and emotionally.
3, master some ways to identify the direction. Inspire students and children to observe and study nature, discover more natural compasses, and cultivate students' love for nature and interest in observing nature.
Teaching focus
Know several ways to tell the direction and read the text with emotion.
Information material
1, new words and phrases cards, illustrations and compasses and other related appliances.
2. Guide students to collect information to identify the direction.
Teaching time
Two classes.
first kind
[Cut in and give me an example]
1, creating an exciting environment:
Students, what would you do if you got lost in a city? What should you do if you get lost in the wild? In this lesson, let's learn a little poem and find some good methods. (blackboard writing topic)
2, story introduction: the teacher tells stories:
A group of children went to the suburbs for a picnic. They had a good time, but as they walked, the Woods became denser and denser, and gradually they couldn't find a place to meet-they got lost and everyone was anxious. Have you figured out a way to help them? (Organize classmates to communicate and write on the blackboard with the camera)
Combine the content of the text with students' cognitive experience, actively create situations that arouse students' thinking and stimulate students' interest in learning.
[dialogue platform]
First reading
1, free to read poems, learn new words, exchange literacy and mnemonic methods.
2. Use word cards to organize students to memorize new words in various forms and correct them.
Choose your favorite paragraph and read it to everyone. Teachers and students will comment on them and try to read the text fluently.
There are relatively few words to be recognized in this course, so we should let go in teaching and focus on reading the text smoothly. Therefore, reading activities should be organized in various ways, such as reading at the same table, reading in sections, and reading in competitions. To stimulate students' interest in reading and improve the efficiency of reading activities.
Second, selected reading
1, exchange the first reading experience. What do you know after reading it? Please communicate what you know with your deskmate.
Choose what you are most familiar with or like, and read carefully what you want to read while reading.
3. After reading it, tell your classmates what you understand and read your favorite chapters to teachers and classmates according to your own experience.
Respect students' dominant position, exchange reading experience easily, perceive poetry content as a whole, and cultivate students' reading and expression ability.
Third, write
1, displaying the content of "I can write". Guide students to observe the font and structure of Chinese characters;
Upper and lower structure: loyalty, guidance and light
Left and right structures: stacking, thickness, thinness, needling, touching and panic.
2. Ask the students to draw and write in red, and feel the writing of words by themselves.
3. The teacher demonstrates how to write words that students think are difficult to write. Let the students observe the experience and understand the writing rules.
4. Students' writing assignments, teachers' and students' comments, and excellent assignments.
Guide students to discover the rules of new words, boldly try to write, and teachers give targeted guidance to ensure the effectiveness of the writing teaching process. It is observed that writing comments also give full play to students' dominant position in writing teaching. Improve students' writing ability.
Second lesson
[dialogue platform]
First, import
1, with a word card, refers to reading words. Read a word all your life and others will write it.
2. Read the text in sections and ask the students to tell what they learned in the last class.
Through review, I consolidated my memory of the words in this lesson, and at the same time, I also reproduced my experience and understanding of the text content. Create conditions for entering new learning activities.
Second, study.
1. Organize students to study cooperatively. Choose the most interesting section to study, and the teacher will patrol and guide:
Read by yourself-discuss how this kind of scenery can help us identify the direction-understand with pictures-read aloud with emotion.
2, send representatives, graphic combination, show the effect of group learning, students in the group supplement, other groups of students ask questions. Guide students to simply understand the scientific truth contained in it.
Teachers show compasses and illustrations in time, use cameras to guide students to understand the key words in the text, and conduct language training in time. For example, how to understand the word "panic" in the first section, and can you find words with similar meanings? ; Can you use the related word "because ... so ..." to clarify the content of a section in the text? Wait a minute.
Because the content of the text is easy to understand, suitable for reading and similar in combination, students are allowed to cooperate in learning, and the right and opportunity of reading are fully returned to students to cultivate their cooperative learning ability. Teachers give timely guidance to promote students' understanding and ability.
Third, look at the back
1, practice reading the text with emotion. Inspire students to communicate: how to read more emotionally?
2. Show reading aloud and try to recite.
3. Organize students to read and recite in groups.
Guide reading, deeply understand the content of the text, cultivate students' reading interest and promote students' language accumulation.
Fourth, expand
1. What other directions do you know? Introduce it to everyone in the way you like.
2. Try to continue to write your own natural compass into the poem.
Stimulate students' interest in exploring nature, cultivate students' imitation and writing ability, combine in and out of class, and pay attention to students' ability improvement and personality development.
Tips for accompanying teachers
[Explanation of words]
Thick: many and dense. In this lesson, a tree has many branches and leaves.
Canal: an artificially opened waterway for irrigation or drainage.
Outdoor: A place far away from residential areas.
Panic: I am not calm and anxious.
Natural: naturally existing, naturally occurring, not artificially made.
Loyalty: Loyalty and reliability.
[Related links]
Method of identifying direction in the field
1, use a watch with hands (for the northern hemisphere)
North China Method: Put the match in the middle of the dial and turn the dial so that the projection of the match and the short needle are in a straight line. At this time, the short needle and the dial form a small angle at twelve o'clock, and the direction of the bisector of the small angle extends to the north.
South-facing method: put the match on the dial at the tip of the hour hand, and turn the dial to make the projection of the match in a straight line with the short pointer, then a small angle will be formed between the short pointer and the dial at 12 o'clock, and the direction in which the bisector of the small angle extends is the south.
2. Tree rings: The end with higher density of tree rings is the north, and vice versa. It is also closely related to sunshine, and it grows faster on the sunny side, so the growth of rings in the south is sparse and loose, and the growth of rings in the north is dense and firm.
3. Bamboo: The blue-green side of the bamboo body faces south and the blue-yellow side faces north. In the absence of wind, the top of bamboo usually leans to the south.
4. Moss: When we turn a stone, the side with moss is the north, and vice versa. Because there is little sunshine in the north. But the accuracy of this method is extremely low.
5. Cliff: The bare side of the cliff is the north, and vice versa. Because there is no sunshine, plants are not easy to grow. But the accuracy of this method is extremely low.
6. Immediate effect: On a clear day, use a straight skewer to make it perpendicular to the ground, insert it on the ground, and form a shadow under the sunlight. Put a stone at the vertex of the shadow. After about 15 minutes, when the vertex of the direct shadow moves to another place, put another stone and then connect the two stones into a straight line. The side facing the sun is south, and the opposite direction is north. The higher, thinner and more perpendicular to the ground, the longer the shadow moves, and the more accurate the measured direction is.
7. Southern Cross: In the area south of 23 30' north latitude, the Southern Cross is sometimes seen at night. It is composed of four bright stars in the shape of a cross, and at the lower right, four and a half times (no stars) the connecting length of the two stars from γ to α is due south.
8. From the relationship between the roundness of the moon, the observation time and the position of the moon, we can infer the approximate date of the lunar calendar and judge the approximate direction.
9. Features:
House: Generally, the door faces south, especially in the north of China.
Temples: usually open to the south, especially the main buildings in the temple group.
Remarkable features: Bryophytes, whose base is wet to the north, may grow low.