Sima Qian (before 145 or before 135 ~ can't be verified) was born in Longmen (xia yang in the Western Han Dynasty, now Hancheng in Shaanxi Province, now Hejin in Shanxi Province), a historian, writer and thinker in the Western Han Dynasty. Sima Tan's son was appointed Taishiling, and was called Shi Qian, Taishiliong and the father of history by later Buddhas.
Sima Qian studied under Kong Anguo and Dong Zhongshu in his early years, roaming around, learning about customs and collecting rumors. As a first-time doctor, he served in the southwest. At the age of 28, he served as Taishiling, inherited his father's business and wrote history. Later, he was imprisoned for defending Li Ling's defeat and surrender, transferred to the secretariat, and worked hard to complete his own historical records.
He created China's first biographical history book (formerly known as Taishi Gongshu) with the historical knowledge of "studying the relationship between man and nature, learning from the changes of ancient and modern times, and becoming a unified view", which is recognized as a model of China's history books.
This book records the history of more than 3,000 years from the legendary Huangdi period to the fourth year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. It is the first of the "twenty-four histories" and is praised by Lu Xun as "a historian's swan song, and Li Sao has no rhyme."
Lisao is a poem written by Qu Yuan, a poet in China during the Warring States Period, and it is also the longest lyric poem in ancient China. This poem centers on the poet's life experience, experience and mental journey.
The first half repeatedly confided the poet's concern about the fate of Chu and people's life, expressing his desire to reform politics and his will to stick to his ideals and never compromise with evil forces even in times of disaster. The second half reflects the poet's thoughts and feelings of patriotism and love for the people through the statement of dreaming, pursuing ideals and dying after failure.
The whole poem uses the metaphor of beauty and vanilla, a lot of myths and legends and rich imagination, forming a gorgeous literary talent and magnificent structure, showing a positive romantic spirit, and creating a "Sao style" poetry form in the history of China literature, which has a far-reaching impact on later generations.
Its main annotations are Wang Yi's Chapters and Sentences of Chu Ci in the Eastern Han Dynasty, Zhu's Notes on Chu Ci in the Southern Song Dynasty and Dai Zhen's Notes on Qu Yuan in the Qing Dynasty.