The Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest refers to the seven sages of the Three Kingdoms period (240-249) during the Zhengshi period of Cao Wei (240-249), including Ji Kang, Ruan Ji, Shan Tao, Xiang Xiu, Liu Ling, Wang Rong and Ruan Xian. called.
Ji Kang (224-263, 223-262), also known as Shuye. Han nationality, native of Zhi County, Qiaojun (now Linhuan Town, Suixi County, Anhui Province). A famous thinker, musician and writer during the Cao and Wei Dynasties of the Three Kingdoms. In the last years of his life, he worked with Ruan Ji and other famous people in the bamboo forest to advocate the new trend of metaphysics, advocating "transcending the teachings of famous names and accepting nature" and "evaluating the noble and the humble while understanding the emotions of things". He became the spiritual leader of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest". Ji Kang was well versed in music and especially loved playing the piano. He wrote the music theory works "Qin Fu" and "Soundless Music Theory". Ji Kang is good at calligraphy and specializes in cursive script. Ji Kang was good at painting, good at poetry and prose, and created a new trend in metaphysics
Ruan Ji (210-263 AD) was a Wei poet during the Three Kingdoms period. The name is Si Zong. A native of the Wei family in Chenliu (now part of Henan). One of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest, he is the son of Ruan Yu, one of the Seven Sons of Jian'an. He once served as an infantry captain and was known as Ruan Infantry in the world. Adhering to the teachings of Lao and Zhuang, he adopts a cautious attitude to avoid disaster in politics.
Ruan Ji is the representative of "Zhengshi Zhiyin". He is the author of "Yong Huai", "The Biography of Master", etc. His works are included in "Ruan Ji Collection".
Ruan Ji was the first person since Jian'an to devote all his efforts to composing five-character poems. His "Poetry of Ode to Love" connected eighty-two five-character poems together into a huge poem, and shaped the character of a sad and angry poet. The artistic image itself is a very meaningful initiative and a significant achievement. It laid the foundation in the history of the development of five-character poetry, created a new realm, made a huge contribution, and had a significant impact on later writers.
Shan Tao (205-March 3, 283), courtesy name Juyuan. A native of Huai County, Hanoi County (now west of Wuzhi, Henan Province). He was a celebrity and politician during the Cao, Wei and Western Jin Dynasties of the Three Kingdoms, and was one of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove". Main works, ten volumes of collected works, main achievements: selecting talents and advising on current affairs.
Xiang Xiu (about 227-272), named Ziqi, was born in Huai, Hanoi. One of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. As an official, he served as a servant at Huangmen and as a regular servant at Sanqi. Xiang Xiuya loved studying, got along well with Ji Kang, Lu An and others, but lived in seclusion and was not an official. Although Xiang Xiu has no complete collection of works handed down to the world, he was a famous thinker, writer, philosopher and writer at that time. His main works include "Annotations to Zhuangzi", which people at the time called "wonderful analysis and wonderful interpretations, and a great source of profound knowledge" (Shishuoxinyu·Literature).
Xiang Xiu was listed among the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove". Xiang Xiu's new meaning of freedom and the compatible views of Confucianism and Taoism expounded in Zhuangzi's Commentary cannot be erased even after thousands of years have passed. The unique brilliance of the go-to show.
Xiang Xiu not only pursues individual freedom but also maintains the social system, which is the dual cultural character of the gentry. However, the psychological coercion caused by the contradiction between the two made the spiritual world of Wei and Jin gentry full of anxiety, confusion and loss. . Xiang Xiu's new meaning of "freedom" gave a generation of scholars an unprecedented sense of liberation, and "everyone who reads it is detached." "Zhuangzi" then came to the world from the mountains and forests, and was listed as the "Three Mysteries" and "Da Chang Xuan Feng" of the Wei and Jin Dynasties along with "The Book of Changes" and "Laozi".
Liu Ling (about 221-300), courtesy name Bolun, was a native of Peiguo (now Suixi County, Huaibei City, Anhui Province). He was a writer and poet in the Wei and Jin Dynasties and one of the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest". . His works include the parallel prose "Ode to the Virtue of Wine" and the five-character rhymed poem "Beimang Guesthouse". Liu Ling, an eternal intoxicant who has gained fame through drinking.
Wang Rong (234-305), whose courtesy name was Junchong, was from Linyi (now Shandong) in Langxie. Minister of the Western Jin Dynasty, one of the Seven Sages of the Bamboo Grove. Young Yingwu, full of energy. He was good at talking, and he went on a trip to the bamboo forest with Ruan Ji, Ji Kang and others. After Rong tasted it, he said, "Vulgar things have come back to ruin people's will." He was the most vulgar among the seven sages. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, he successively served as Huang Menlang of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Changshi of Sanqi, Governor of Hedong, Governor of Jingzhou, and Marquis of Anfeng County. Later he moved to the posts of Guang Luxun, Minister of the Ministry of Personnel and so on. During the reign of Emperor Hui, he was promoted to Situ. Rong flatters and seeks favors, is keen on fame and fortune, and has nothing to offer advice in the establishment of the dynasty. He is extremely greedy and stingy by nature, and his fields are spread all over the states, gathering endless amounts of money. Every time he holds a chip in his teeth, he makes calculations day and night, but he always seems to be short of money. The Rong family had good plums and often sold them, but they were afraid that others would gain access to the seeds, so they often drilled the cores and sold them, for which they were ridiculed by the world.
Ruan Xian, named Zhongrong, was born in the Chenliuwei clan (now Weishi County, Kaifeng, Henan) during the Western Jin Dynasty. Together with Ji Kang, Ruan Ji, Shan Tao, Xiang Xiu, Liu Ling and Wang Rong, they are also known as the "Seven Sages of the Bamboo Forest". He is the one who receives the least attention among the seven. There are very few surviving stories about Ruan Xian's life, which are scattered in Shishuoxinyu, Jinshu and some similar books. He was a minister of Sanqi in Liguan and served as the governor of Shiping. He was bohemian in his life. Ruan Xian was also a famous musician and was proficient in music. There was an ancient pipa named "Ruan Xian". He composed the song "Three Gorges Flowing Spring".