day of mourning
Author: Du Mu
A drizzling rain falls like tears on the Mourning Day; The mourner's heart is going to break on his way.
Ask local people where to buy wine? The shepherd boy just laughed and didn't answer Xingshan Village.
Translation:
When I was in Tomb-Sweeping Day, the poet couldn't go home to visit the grave, but it was no longer a taste to travel alone on a foreign road. Besides, the weather is not good, a sullen face, the drizzle of cattle hair will fall one after another, the eyes are foggy, and the spring clothes are wet. Poet, it's heartbreaking! Find a hotel to shelter from the rain, warm up and eliminate the sadness in your heart, but where is the hotel? The poet thought about it and asked the shepherd boy by the roadside. The little shepherd boy riding on the back of the cow pointed to the distance with his hand-oh, in the village full of apricot flowers, the cover of a hotel was raised high, attracting pedestrians!
Precautions:
1, Qingming: the name of the solar term, April 4th or 5th in the solar calendar every year. This poem, Fan Chuan's collection of poems "Bieji Quantang Poetry" has not been collected. It was first seen in Xie Fangde's Poems of a Thousand Families.
",Xie Zhen thought it was written by Du Mu in Ming Dynasty.
2. Pedestrians: This refers to people who travel outside.
3, desire: almost, simple.
4. Soul-breaking: It is a metaphor for sadness and sorrow, as if the soul should be separated from the body.
5. Sorry: Sorry.
6. Restaurant: Hotel.
7. Xinghua Village: A village in the depths of apricot flowers, which was named after a place famous for its wine making.
Appreciation of works:
This day is Tomb-Sweeping Day. The poet Xiao Du happened to get caught in the rain during his trip. Qingming, although it is a season of blooming green flowers and bright spring, is also a period when the climate is prone to change, and sometimes even "windy and rainy". However, the rain in Mao Mao on this day is the kind of rain that "sounds like the crisp rain in the sky"-this is also the characteristic of spring rain. This song "After the Rain" conveys the sad and beautiful realm of "bleak and deceives flowers, and the dark flowers bloom in another village"
This song "one after another" naturally describes the artistic conception of spring rain; But it's more than that. It also has a special function, that is, it actually describes the mood of travelers in the rain.
Look at the following sentence: "pedestrians on the road want to break their souls." A pedestrian is a person who travels away from home. So what is "broken soul"? In poetry, "soul" mainly refers to spiritual and emotional things. "Soul-breaking" is an attempt to describe the hidden feelings in the heart, which are very strong, but not clearly expressed outside. In ancient customs, Tomb-Sweeping Day is a big festival with rich colors and emotional appeal. It was supposed to be a family gathering, or a play, or a grave. Nowadays, pedestrians walk alone, feeling sad and complicated. It happened that I caught up with the rain in Mao Mao again, and my spring shirt was all wet, adding a layer of sadness. So the poet used the word "broken soul"; Otherwise, if it rains a little, it will be worth "breaking the soul". Isn't that reasonable? In this way, we can return to the word "one after another". People who used to travel on holidays already have a lot on their minds. In addition, they are scattered in the wind and rain, walking in the rain, making their mood more miserable. So they describe the spring rain in succession, but they can also describe emotions, and even describe the spring rain, that is, describe emotions. This is a unique skill in China's classical poetry, and it is also a kind of scenery, in which emotion is in the scene, and the scene is emotion.
The first two sentences explain the scene, and then write an idea that pedestrians think at this moment: where to find a small hotel. The matter is clear: find a small hotel, take a break from the rain, and then drink three cups to relieve the cold of people who are chilly in spring, warm their clothes wet by the rain, and most importantly, relax their worries. So, ask someone for directions.
Who did you ask for directions? The poet didn't tell us in the third sentence, but the wonderful thing is in the fourth sentence: "The shepherd boy points to Xinghua Village". Grammatically speaking, "shepherd boy" is the subject of this sentence, but it is also the object of the previous sentence "I'm sorry"-it complements both sides of the previous question and answer. Did the shepherd boy answer? We don't know, but taking "action" as an answer is more vivid and powerful than an answer. We watched the play Little Cowherd. When someone asked the shepherd boy for directions, he pointed with his hand and said, "Please follow my hand!" " It is to connect answers with actions-that is, to connect "music" with "pictures", both of which allow viewers to enjoy beauty at the same time; Nowadays, the poet's technique is simpler and more superb: he only gives the reader a "picture" and omits "music"-no, it contains "music". While appreciating the beautiful "picture" of the way, readers also hear the "music" of the answer.
"Yao" literally means far. However, this meaning cannot be observed here. This finger has made us feel as if we saw the end of the red apricot, and clearly picked out a wine curtain-"wine hope." If it is really far away, it is difficult to have an artistic connection. If it is really in front of you, it will lose its implicit and endless interest: beauty is not far away. In the Grand View Garden in A Dream of Red Mansions, there is a place named "Apricot Curtain in Sight" by Jingzi. The expression of "In Sight" comes from this experience, which is just a footnote for Du Lang's sentence. "Xinghua Village" is not necessarily the real village name, nor does it necessarily refer to restaurants. It is enough to point to this beautiful village in the depths of apricot blossoms. It goes without saying that there is a small hotel waiting to receive guests walking in the rain.
The poem only wrote "pointing to Xinghua Village" and then came to an abrupt end, and there was no more word. The rest, how happy pedestrians are when they hear the news, how to take a step forward, how to find a hotel with excitement, how to get shelter from the rain and the satisfaction of sadness ..., these, the poet can "ignore". He left all this to the reader's imagination, which opened up a much broader imagination space for the reader than the Chinese words in the poem showed. This is the inexhaustible nature of art.
This little poem, without any difficult words and allusions, is written in very popular language and has no trace of management. The syllables are very harmonious and complete, the scene is very fresh and vivid, and the realm is beautiful and interesting. Poetry is also natural in style and written in order. The first sentence explains the scene, environment and atmosphere, which is "on"; The second sentence is "Cheng", which describes the characters and shows their sad and confused mentality. The third sentence is "turn", but it also puts forward how to get rid of this mentality; This directly forced out the fourth sentence and became the highlight of the whole article-"he". In art, this is a technique from low to high, gradually rising, and the climax is at the end. The so-called climax is not an unobstructed view, but an intriguing aftertaste. These are the highlights of the poet and are worth learning and inheriting!
A summary of Qingming ancient poems
Qingming Festival (Song) Wang Yuqiao
I have lived in Tomb-Sweeping Day without flowers and wine. Like a monk in a temple, everything is depressing and lonely for me.
Yesterday, I discussed new kindling from my neighbor's house, and early in Tomb-Sweeping Day, I lit in front of the window and sat down to study.
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I live in Tomb-Sweeping Day with no flowers to see and no wine to drink. Like a monk in a barren mountain temple, everything seems indifferent to me. Yesterday, I got a new fire from my neighbor. Early in the morning in Tomb-Sweeping Day, I lit a lamp at the window and sat down to study.
Doing things in the suburbs (Song) Cheng Hao
Grass and green fields, spring around the mountains; Zhu Xing Luan Hong wears Liuxiang, but sits in the imperial city because of flowing water;
Don't bid farewell to wine, lest the wind turn red;
Besides, it's Tomb-Sweeping Day today, and it's met with fine weather. It's very suitable for sightseeing, but you can't leave.
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Enjoy yourself in the lush and flowery gardens, and witness that spring has reached the distant mountains and full of green is all around. Chasing the red petals flying in the wind with great interest, through the wicker swaying alley; When you are sleepy, face the running water by the stream and sit on a mossy stone to rest. Don't refuse this glass of wine, and live up to your sincere advice. I'm just afraid that the wind will blow the flowers away and the fragments will fly away. In addition, today is Tomb-Sweeping Day, sunny and sunny, which is very suitable for amusement, but we can't forget it.
"Send Chen Xiucai back to the Tomb of Shashang Province" (Ming) Gao Qi
All the clothes are covered with blood, tears and dust. Although the war is over now, I will feel sad when I return home.
In the storm, pear flower falls died, and the Cold Food Festival passed. In Tomb-Sweeping Day, several families will visit graves and be worshipped by future generations.
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My clothes are covered with blood, tears and dust. Although the war is over now, I will still feel sad when I return to my hometown. In the storm, all the pears have fallen, and the Cold Food Festival has passed. When sweeping graves on Qingming Festival, there will be descendants who will come to worship the graves of several families. (Because their descendants died in the war)
Qingjiang attracts Qingming Day Tour (Ming) Wang Pan
Where is the non-smoking section in the west building? Green fields and sunny roads.
Ma Si hissed through the willows, and people laughed on the swings.
Yinger always teaches Chun to get drunk.
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Since ancient times, Qingming is a day to get close to nature and travel. Now that Tomb-Sweeping Day has arrived, I can't help feeling when I look at the spring scenery outside the window. However, looking at the fence, I don't know which scenery is the best. A friend told me that at the end of the green Yuan Ye under clear skies in Wan Li, it is a wonderful tourist attraction. Passing through the lush willows, tightening the reins, horses neighing, looking up, beautiful women leaning on the swing, smiling back, singing orioles, beautiful flowers and bright spring scenery all seem to fascinate people.
On the way to cold food (Tang Dynasty) Song Wenzhi
It's already on the way to late spring when I meet cold food immediately.
Poor Jiang, I can't see Luo Qiao people.
The Arctic cherishes the sage, and Nanwa is the vassal.
In the old garden, wicker is new day and night.
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I spent the cold food festival in late spring on the road. Unfortunately, when you look at the pier by the river, you can't see the departure from Luoyang Baqiao. Although I was demoted to the south as a minister, I still miss the hometown of the northern sage king, a sad and heartbreaking place. After a few days and nights, new wicker grows again!
cold drink and snack
In late spring, Chang 'an city is full of songs and dances, and countless flowers fall. The east wind of the Cold Food Festival blows on the willow trees in the royal garden.
As night fell, the palace was busy lighting candles, and smoke drifted to the house of the prince and the marquis.
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In Chang 'an in late spring, catkins are flying all over the sky, and the east wind blows the willow branches in the imperial garden at the Cold Food Festival. As night fell, the palace was busy handing out candles, and smoke curled into the homes of princes and nobles.
Things outside the door (Tang)
The tiller loves the boat, and the spring grass is green and the fields are vast;
Try going to the Wumen Gate to see the county Guo, there is new smoke in Qingming.
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The subtle sentence of this poem is "There are new smoke in several places in Qingming Festival". It was cold food before Qingming, and people didn't need fire. After the Qingming Festival, it should be "new smoke everywhere". Now, because of the war, farmers are called to fight, and a large area of land is barren. Only a few people light new smoke and it is desolate.
"Su Causeway Qingming is a thing" (Song) Wu Weixin
Pears bloom in the light, and wanderers go out of the city in spring.
At dusk, the songs are ready, and the willows belong to a warbler.
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The West Lake, with bright spring and breezy breeze, is full of tourists. In the evening, the tourists in the lake have dispersed and the music has stopped, but the West Lake is full of warblers and euphemistic songs, and the spring scenery remains the same. The crystal clear West Lake in the festival is described as a paradise on earth, which is beautiful.
Cold Food on the Tomb (Song) Yang Wanli
Naoko, how can you eat cold food on the road? Can this bridge be out of danger?
The maple leaves in the distant mountains are pale outside, and the broken houses are beside the lonely wheat.
The spring breeze is coming again, and all the new buildings are gone.
Pear blossoms are cold food, and it is only when you enter the festival that you are worried.
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The path is really long and thin! Gao Qiao doesn't need to rely on it? The maple leaves in the distant mountains are dim and pale, and the hut by the wheat field looks very lonely. Weeds grew with the wind overnight, and the path disappeared a year later. Pear blossoms will bloom after Qingming Festival. I miss you very much this season.