Feng Feng returned to his hometown and traveled around the world looking for his emperor.
I didn't know what to do when I didn't meet Xi. Why don't I go to Sishang today?
There are beautiful women in the boudoir, and the people in the room are poisoning my intestines.
Why do you want to be a mandarin duck, and it is soaring!
Emperor Xi Xi lives with me. He must be a princess forever.
Who knows in the middle of the night?
My wings fly high and my thoughts make me sad.
Annotation of works
Precautions:
Sima Xiangru, born in Chengdu, Shu County, was a famous poet in the Western Han Dynasty. The story of his elopement with Zhuo Wenjun is well known. According to Records of Historical Records and Biography of Sima Xiangru, Liang, a foreigner and official, returned to Shu and was invited by his good friend (now Qionglai, Sichuan) to visit Wang Ji. Zhuo Wenjun, the daughter of Zhuo Wangsun, the richest man in the local area, is both talented and beautiful, proficient in music and widowed. On one occasion, Zhuo Wangsun held a grand banquet for hundreds of people, and both Ji Wang and Xiangru were invited as distinguished guests. During the dinner, Wang Ji introduced Xiang Ru as a master of piano art and asked him to play. Xiang Ru played two piano pieces in public, hoping to anger Wen Jun. "Wen Jun stole the door, and his heart was happy and good, but he was afraid that I might not. After all, Xiang Ru made people pay attention to the waiters in Wen Jun again. The death of Wen Jun, the night is like running, such as running to Chengdu. " These two poems are said to be the lyrics of "Phoenix Begging for the Emperor", which sounds like playing the piano. Because this poem was not included in Historical Records, it was not included until Xu Ling of the Chen Dynasty compiled Yutai New Poetry, and added a preface to explain that Lei Ju of Literature and Art in the Tang Dynasty and Yuefu Poetry in the Song Dynasty were also included, so it is suspected that it was written by a pianist in the Han Dynasty under the guise of Sima Xiangru. There are indeed many fakes in Qin Ge and other works, but it is difficult to find exact evidence to prove them. In this regard, we have to doubt.
The first song expressed infinite admiration and ardent pursuit for Wen Jun.
Comparing Xiang Ru to a phoenix, he is even more an emperor (phoenix) than Wen Jun, which has multiple meanings in the specific background of this poem.
A phoenix is a legendary bird. The male bird is called a phoenix, and the female bird is called a phoenix. The ancients called forest, phoenix, turtle and dragon the "four spirits" of heaven and earth, and phoenix was the king of birds. "The Inscription of Yi Dynasty" says: "There are 360 species of feathered insects, and the phoenix is the longest." Evergreen admired Lin Xiangru's talent since childhood and changed her name to "Xiangru", which was already famous in the literary world at that time; Wen Jun is also very talented and beautiful. She is by no means an idle woman.
Flow. So that place is Phoenix, which means heroic and pretentious. "Traveling around the world" strengthens a layer of implication, which not only closely follows the myth and legend that Phoenix "started in the country of oriental gentlemen, flew across the four seas, crossed Kunlun Mountain, drank the mainstay, weakened its feathers, and stayed in the wind cave at dusk" (Guo Pu's note "Erya" cited the sky as the old cloud), but also metaphors similar official travel experiences: he had previously been sent to the capital and was appointed as a warrior knight by Jingdi.
History, because Jingdi was not good at ci fu, failed to get an exhibition, and resigned due to illness and traveled. Recruiting scribes in Liang Xiaowang is like "living with all the students for several years" under its door. Later, because of the death of Liang Wang, the opposition to "returning home" explained that "good birds choose wood to live."
Secondly, the ancients often used "Feng Huang Yu Fei" and "chorus of husband and wife" to describe the harmony and beauty of husband and wife. For example, "Zuo Zhuan Zhuang Gong Twenty-two Years": "The wife of Chu Yi. His wife said that Ji means Feng Huang Yu Fei, harmonious and sonorous. " Here, like a phoenix courting Wen Jun, "traveling around the world" is a rare couple. Third, Phoenix is related to music. Such as "Shangshu Yiji":
Xiao Shao is 90%, and the phoenix comes to the instrument. "Legend of the Immortal" contains: Qin Mugong woman Nong Yu and her husband Shaw History play the flute, and the Phoenix comes to stop at their home, and Mu Gong is a phoenix platform. Later, Nong Yu and his wife both went to Phoenix. Therefore, Li He tasted the beauty of the music of "The phoenix cries when the jade is broken in Kunshan" ("The Songs of Yu Liping"). Wen Jun's elegant music is like "seeking the emperor" with the sound of the piano, which is a metaphor for finding a bosom friend with the heart of the piano, reminiscent of Yu Boya and Zhong Ziqi.
The music of "high mountains and flowing water" meets the waves, thus giving a sigh of a sea of people and friends. ;
The second song is bolder and more intense, secretly dating Wen Jun in the middle of the night and eloping together. "Breeding tail" refers to the mating of male and female birds and animals. Yao Dian in Shangshu: "When people lose time, birds and beasts breed tails." Biography says, "Emulation is the fruit, and handover is the end." "Princess", spouse. Say: "Princess, a horse." "Friendship and understanding", communication and affection, that is, love are congenial. Midnight, that is, midnight. The first two sentences
Call Wen Jun for a quiet marriage, and three or four sentences imply that they love each other and elope overnight, and no one will know; Five or six sentences show that you are far away, reminding each other not to let me down, and feeling sorry for homesickness in vain. Gai Xiangru had already bought off the secret love of Wen Jun's handmaid in advance, and had known about Wen Jun's widowed psychological state and love ideal. Now he has made a careful choice, so he dares to be so bold.
The reason why these two Qin Ge poems won the admiration of later generations lies in the strong anti-feudal thoughts expressed in Looking for Phoenix.
For example, Wen Jun boldly broke through the snare of feudal ethics and patriarchal clan system, saying, "Without waiting for parents' orders and matchmakers' words, you will fall in love at first sight and climb over the wall with each other, then your parents and people will be mean." ("Mencius on Teng Wengong") What "women have the meaning of three obedience, and there is no special way." ("Book of Rites, Funeral") What "The husband has the intention of remarriage, and the woman has no second choice." (Ban Zhao's Women's Commandment) What?
The sacred rituals of Yao nationality, such as "Men and women ... don't meet each other without money" (Book of Rites Ji Fang) and "caring for each other", were trampled by Wen Jun's bold elopement and became a banner for young men and women in later generations to strive for marriage autonomy and love freedom.
Try to see the influence of the power of example in later literature: In the Romance of the West Chamber, Zhang Geqiang played "Phoenix Begging for Phoenix", saying, "I got this song in the past, although it is not as good as mine. I hope Miss Zhang will understand." In the wall of the horse, Li Qianjin defended her elopement with Wen Jun in front of her father-in-law. Pan Bizheng also incited Chen Miaochang and Qin Xin to combine privately in the Jade Hairpin. Hatano Kokoro
Remember "directly put" The Story of Wen Jun "on the stage ... which shows that" Yellow "has far-reaching anti-feudal influence.
Secondly, artistically, these two Qin Ge songs with the theme of "Looking for Phoenix" not only contain passionate courtship, but also symbolize the extraordinary ideal, lofty purport and tacit understanding between the hero and heroine.
The whole poem has shallow meaning, bright syllables and passionate feelings, which combines the beauty of Chu Ci with the freshness of Han folk songs. Even if it is a fake of later generations, it will not weaken its artistic value.