1. Basic knowledge Objective: To understand the artistic techniques of poetry, such as artistic conception and rhyme.
2. Ability training goal: Experience the artistic features of imagination and exaggeration through reading and appreciation.
3. Emotional training goal: let students be close to passion, romance, poetry and openness.
Teaching emphases and difficulties
First, the teaching focus:
1, from the study of poetry recitation, understand the emotional rhythm and heroic and elegant momentum of poetry.
2. Explore the emotional theme of this poem with the method of "peeling and cramping".
3. Appreciate the language and artistic techniques of this poem and experience the formation of Li Bai's heroic and elegant romantic poetic style.
Second, the teaching difficulties:
Appreciate Li Bai's passionate and elegant poetic style.
2. Explore the emotional theme of this lesson
teaching method
1, read aloud
2. Pointing method
3. Self-study and group cooperation
4. Multimedia audio and video
Teaching time
1 class hour
teaching process
First, import
How did heaven and earth come into being? (Pangu created the world) But there is a legend in southwest China that the heaven was made by a male god and the earth by a goddess. Because the goddess was too diligent and made the earth too big to be integrated with the sky, she folded it up to form mountains and valleys, so that heaven and earth matched. Perhaps the mountains and rivers in the southwest inspired people to create this myth. Perhaps the mountains and rivers in the southwest have given us great romance.
Speaking of Shu Dao Nan, Fan Yin, a poetry critic in the Tang Dynasty, commented that this poem is "strange and strange, and it is rare to return it from the poet." What's strange about this poem? Today, we will feel the strangeness of this poem by reading and appreciating it.
Second, the strangeness of reading perception style (PPT display)
1 [Activity] Listen to the teacher read aloud first, and pay attention to the poetic style when listening.
[Activity] Students read aloud.
3 [Question] What is the style of this poem through reading and listening?
Clear and bold
4 [Activity] Read the main theme of poetry and experience the unconstrained style again (PPT presentation)
5 [Question] What is the main theme? How many times does it appear in the poem?
[Qing] sigh (xρ), high risk! The difficulty of Shu Dao is difficult to go to the sky!
It's hard to get through the Shu Road, and it's hard to get to the sky. It turns pale when you smell it!
It's hard to get through the Shu Road, but it's hard to get into the sky. I looked sideways at the long consultation (z: and).
6 [Activities] Guide reading and feel poetic and picturesque.
Most Yuefu poems mean chanting. This poem has the danger of saying Shu Dao and the meaning of "style man" The meaning of chanting is particularly strong. When reading, we must grasp this tone, so as to reproduce the artistic conception in the poem and explain it layer by layer:
"Alas ... it's hard to go to heaven"
These two sentences dominate the whole poem, laying the foundation for the tone of the whole poem, and the feelings are unrestrained. It is necessary to read them with great motivation. They all use prose sentences, which shows that the poet can't help but blurt out when he looks up at the Shu Road, and also shows that he sighs wonderfully, is risky and righteous, and the Shu Road is extremely lofty.
(2) "Shu Dao is difficult to pass, Heaven Dao is difficult to climb, and the smell turns pale!"
Shu Dao can make rosy face wither, so to read the fear, the voice should be deeper and deeper.
(3) "The Shu Road is difficult to travel, it is difficult to go to the sky, and I squint at the west for a long time."
This is the third time that the topic sentence of the conclusion of the whole poem appears. Read slowly, pause for a while after a long sigh, and then read the word "long-term consultation" in a slow and powerless tone. If there is a lingering sound, it will make people think.
[Summary] Through reading the main theme, the style of singing and sighing is reflected.
Third, interpret the beauty of the artistic conception of Hanyong.
Ouyang Xiu commented on "Difficult Shu Dao", "Taibai is the essence of heaven and earth, and it is more difficult for Li Bai to sing Shu Dao than to climb the sky, and Li Bai put pen to paper to make clouds" (PPT presentation). How was Li Bai's unique style created through language? He repeatedly lamented the difficulty of the Shu Road. How difficult is Shu Dao? Please grasp the main idea of the article, think about the angle from which these three sentences highlight the difficulty of Shu Dao, choose the most wonderful sentences you think to appreciate, and pay attention to the expressions used in the sentences.
1. Enjoy the first part
(1) [Question] What is the first difficulty in writing Shu Dao?
[Clear] The "difficult" and "difficult to go to the sky" ranked first mainly refers to the high mountains.
(2) [Question] Which sentences can reflect this feature? Choose the sentences you think are the most wonderful to enjoy.
[Reference] ① High, for example, on a high banner, six dragons drive the sun, while the river below lashes its winding course-the fairy tale of "Six Dragons Return to Japan" is used, and the author also uses the up-and-down way to explain that the Shu Road is difficult to walk. He wrote that the mountains are very high and extend to the depths of the mountains. He hopes to write the dangers and heights of the Shu Road in a thrilling way.
[Summary] The myth is mainly used to highlight the sublimity of Shu Dao, and even the sun god has to detour when he sees it. The image can be described as vast and magnificent.
(2) "When an earthquake breaks, the brave are lost, and then the stairs and stones are stacked"-skillfully using the myth and legend story of "Five Mountains", writing out the difficulty of digging the Shu Road, writing out the ancient people's strong desire to struggle with nature and transform nature, and the difficulty of transforming nature. This sentence is very imposing, writing out the tragic performance of the ancient working people in the process of splitting mountains and building roads, and this sentence also uses a romantic legend.
(3) "The mountain of green mud is made of many circles, and every hundred steps, it has to turn nine times between its hills"-rhymes and reads catchily. The second sentence says that the mountains of Shu Road are circuitous and the terrain is extremely complicated. It is a confusing mountain road, and it is like a maze when you walk in, which highlights the twists and turns of Shu Road.
(4) "At such a height, even the yellow crane is difficult to climb, and the ape has to climb"-it is reasonable to say that the yellow crane flies so high that even the yellow crane can't fly. It can be seen that the high-ranking ape-man in Shudao Mountain has better climbing skills, and this mountain can't even climb. Through the yellow crane and the ape, we can see that the steep mountain can't fly or climb, which sets off the comfort.
⑤ "Panting, we brushed Orion, passed the well star, and then, holding our chest with both hands, we collapsed to the ground with a groan." This is the situation after the peak. By copying facial expressions and action contours: touching the stars, breathing nervously, sighing by touching the chest, walking difficultly, watching the danger, just like a series of shaking shots, the latter is interesting: the poet walks through the stars and sometimes touches them curiously to see what it looks like. What a strange imagination!
Explain the reading guide according to the sentences chosen by the students.
[Summary] It can be seen that the first section has bold exaggeration and rich imagination, and also quotes myths and legends. The combination of reality and fiction makes the image very magnificent, magnificent and unrestrained, and it really has a thrilling effect to read, which fully embodies the characteristics of Li Bai's romantic poems.
(5) [Activity] Students read the whole first section together again, and pay attention to Li Bai's romantic passion when reading.
2. Enjoy the second part
(1) [Activity] ① This is the first section. Let's enjoy the next two sections together. There are two descriptions in the second section. Please draw them separately.
(2) [Question] What are the characteristics of these two descriptions about Shu Dao?
[Clear] describes the risks of Shu Dao.
(3) [Question] How do these two words realize the preciseness of Shu Road?
[Clear] "Nothing can be heard except the cries of birds surrounded by ancient forests, only the melancholy voice of cuckoo comes to us, and the male bird rotates smoothly, following the female bird, jathyapple, and the sad empty mountain." This is the poet's idea, and the scenery that tourists see along the way is sad: birds sing, making the mountain forest look quieter, and no one is as desolate as the virgin forest. Compared with the above picture, the color has changed, which also shows the diversity of the scenery of Shu Road, but the atmosphere is eye-catching and makes people feel terrible loneliness and lyricism: the ancient trees are desolate and the birds are sad (sad birds,
"The sky is high, the cliff is low, the withered and drooping, the head is low, the waterfall from the cliff surface, the noise, and the mountains and valleys send the stone thunder" is an extremely thrilling picture, which is different from the height of the above-mentioned Shu Road. Even the peaks and cliffs turn into stones, which will endanger the lives of tourists and make people feel scared and scared. Therefore, the following clouds "All dangers are above danger" are exaggerated: "The highest cliff is only a foot below heaven" and "Dry pine hanging, head down, from the surface of the cliff"-exaggeration.
[Summary] It goes without saying that there are so many hidden pictures, and its realm is huge. No matter how high the mountain is, no matter how urgent the water is, no matter how the rivers and mountains change, no matter how lonely the trees are, no matter how dangerous the peaks are, they are all threats. Its spectacular weather is really beyond the reach of others. Generally speaking, its changing speed is more and more strange, often unexpected and dizzying. Shen Deqian Cloud's "Finger Thunder" is by no means empty talk!
(4)[ Activity] Students read together
3. Appreciate the third quarter
[Question] From what angle did the third paragraph write Shu Dao?
[Qing] One person defends it, but ten thousand people can't. It can be seen that Shu Road is easy to defend but difficult to attack, and the terrain is dangerous.
If he is disloyal, ... it is dangerous to kill like hemp.
[Activity] Read these sentences, feel the danger in Sichuan, and read the tense tone.
[Summary] The Shu Road is so high, so dangerous, and the beast is so fierce.
[Question] How would you feel if you were allowed to enter the Shu Mountain and take the Shu Road? Life may answer with fear.
[Clear] Magnificent and mighty (PPT display) This is the strange artistic conception created by Li Bai's poem.
It's also written about Shu Dao. Let's look at how Sanqin folk songs are written: the martial arts are too white, there are 300 solitary clouds in the sky, the mountains and rivers in the sky are dangerous, and the golden thread meridian snakes and birds are moving in the sky ("Sanqin Folk Songs") (PPT display). Taibai Mountain in Wugong County is very high, only 300 feet away from the sky, with two corners and two mountains, only as close to the sky as a fist; The meridian valley, with high mountains and long waters, has a very important strategic position. There are two mountains, a snake dish and a bird's nest. The mountains are winding and steep, towering into the sky.
[Question] is also about Shu Dao. Please compare the similarities and differences between this folk song and Li Bai's story in expression.
[Ming] Similarity: exaggeration: fictional myths and legends, profile description, white writing, reflection.
[Summary] Li Bai's magnificent imagination, bold exaggeration, magical legend and unrestrained passion constitute a variety of romantic expressions, creating artistic conception and unrestrained passion, magnificent imagination, bold exaggeration and magical legend (PPT display)
Fourthly, intensive reading tries to find out the mystery of meaning.
[Question] So why is it so difficult for Li Bai to write Shu Dao? Please refer to Note ① of the textbook.
This poem is written to a friend to say goodbye. "This is just a farewell, but it's not sad at all. It is difficult to write about Shu Dao, in order to persuade someone not to go. Which sentences reflect his intention?
We wonder if this road to the west will never end? The fear channel (chán) is unattainable.
All these dangers follow. Why do people who live at a safe distance come here? .
Although the Silk City is delicious, I'd rather go home soon (PPT demonstration)
[Question] Which words in these three sentences need to be stressed?
[Clear] When not to be too early?
[Activities] Read aloud in groups
It seems to be persuading friends not to go. Is this the whole purpose of this poem?
(PPT presentation): Writing background
Li Bai went out of Shu alone at the age of 26, and was called to Chang 'an to worship the Hanlin at the age of 42, but he had no real job. Tang Xuanzong indulged in debauchery, appointed Li Bai, a treacherous court official with arrogant temperament, despised the powerful, and soon offended the powerful, who was slandered by slanders and pushed out of Beijing.
In the early days of Tianbao, the local economy expanded the power of the buffer region, and it was not apprentices who coveted it.
Please discuss the background and the third part of this poem. Does the poet have any moral? (PPT demonstration)
[Clear] Interpretation of two meanings
The first one: to integrate into the sense of life experience and lament the hardships of life and career, it is better to abandon the waves and return to the spiritual home.
The second type: warning the rulers at that time, beware of the warlord regime, and show their worries about the current situation (PPT display)
[Summary] Li Bai poured out a cavity of resentment in strange language, and madness could not cover up a pure heart (PPT display)
Conclusion: Read it all and feel the poet's heart.