Although I can't go back to the era of Confucius, I am very yearning for it. I read Kong's books, so I can see him.
When I arrived in Shandong, I saw the halls, cars, clothes, rituals and music, and Confucian scholars exercised etiquette at Confucius' house on time. I couldn't leave. There are many kings and saints in the world, before and after Dou Rong's death.
Confucius is a civilian, and by more than ten generations, people who study have respected him. From the son of heaven to the six classics of Chinese studies, Confucius' teachings are all taken as the criterion, and Confucius can be said to be the noblest moral knowledge of the people! 2, "Qingping tune famous flowers pour into the country to enjoy each other" Tang Dynasty: Li Bai famous flowers pour into the country to enjoy each other, often with a smile.
As beautiful as spring, it can eliminate infinite resentment and live in the north of Chenxiang Pavilion. 3. Song Dynasty: Xin Qiji looked at the sword drunk and dreamed of blowing the horn.
Give the roast beef to the men and the band will play northern songs. This is a military parade on the battlefield in autumn.
Horses run like Ma Delu, bows and arrows fly like thunder. It is a good idea for the emperor to complete the great cause of recovering the lost land of the country and gain a good reputation from generation to generation.
Poor hair has become a white-haired man! 4, "Spring Journey" Tang Dynasty: Li Baigao built a palace into the purple green, embroidered dragon plate. The beauty of the day pops up the window and plays the sign language kite.
The spring breeze blew down the king's ears. This song is a journey to heaven. As Tianchi Lake was flooded, the ship was hit by waves.
Three thousand pairs of moths are singing and laughing, the bell and drum palace is tilted, surnames are gathered together, and they are singing and dancing peacefully. I have nothing to do, and people are complacent.
Thirty-six emperors wanted to meet them, and the gods floated down the clouds. If the emperor doesn't go, he will stay in Haojing.
Anneng is Xuanyuan, walking into the darkness alone. My junior minister worships Nanshan Shou, and your majesty will be honored forever.
5, "Gong Ci" Tang Dynasty: Feng Xue twelve rooms and many women, decorated for a day, looking at the main fairy pavilion. The door of the door is locked and the door of the door is locked inside. The copper dragon funnel is getting slower and slower, and the waiting time is longer.
After combing the bun, you should look in the mirror again and again, change your silk clothes again, and pay attention to adding some spices to smoke. From a distance, the flickering shadow of the main hall opened the curtain; I saw a maid with a short robe and embroidered trousers cleaning the imperial bed.
2. What is the status of women in The Book of Songs? By analyzing the poems narrated in feminine tone in The Book of Songs, we can roughly see three different female consciousness: 1. Women's sense of independence. According to the feminist point of view, the social structure in the past and now is based on patriarchy, and men bear the basic functions of society, while women are in an auxiliary position in society.
Women are the second sex, the "other" in society, and are always in the position of being seen. In literature, female images are the foil of men and the product of novels serving the patriarchal culture.
However, in The Book of Songs, there are many poems that embody women's consciousness of complete independence. In some chapters, women are examiners, while men become "others". For example, Zuo and Zhu in The Book of Songs are described from this angle.
2. Women's attachment In a patriarchal society, it is natural for women who are politically and economically attached to men to feel attached. In the eyes of feminists, this male-centered consciousness is exactly the oppression consciousness they want to subvert and criticize.
As a woman, recognizing and echoing this consciousness is undoubtedly of more profound anatomical value for analyzing and exposing the oppression and slavery of women in a patriarchal society. Poems such as bamboo pole and Bo Xilai in The Book of Songs are extensions of this kind of theme.
3. Women's Rebellious Consciousness There is a sentence in the book Feminist Theory: From the Edge to the Center: What is the fate of women? It is freedom that determines her own destiny and gets rid of the role controlled by others; Free from the oppression of society, she can fully express her ideas freely and put them into action freely. (2) When women in China grew up in patriarchal families, they became aware of women's rights. They observe from the outside and from the inside, thus providing them with a rebellious worldview through India's overall viewpoint and their consciousness.
Simply put, it is resistance because of oppression, and it is because of seeing oppression that there is a cry and struggle of resistance. Because they want to control their own destiny, they want to end their controlled life freely.
Women's resistance consciousness refers to women's self-consciousness in the face of male oppression and injury, as well as their accusation and resistance to oppressors. Because this resistance is passive, spontaneous rather than conscious, the female consciousness embodied in it is also limited, struggling and contradictory.
As mentioned above, women in "Meng" and "Che" appear in poetry with such consciousness. From the above analysis, we can see that in the era of The Book of Songs, women had a strong sense of autonomy, and the pursuit of individuality and freedom became the mainstream of women's consciousness in the era of The Book of Songs. The consciousness of women's independence even surpassed that of modern times to some extent.
Among more than 80 love poems in The Book of Songs, there are 2 1 which shows women's pursuit of individual freedom, accounting for14 of the total, while there are 13 which describe abandoned wives, but the total number is obviously less than the former. The former, together with four poems revealing rebellious consciousness between the lines, shows an absolute overwhelming advantage.
Of course, we can see the existence of these three States of consciousness of women in every era. No matter from Han and Tang dynasties to modern times or from China, we can clearly feel the diversity of female consciousness from women who are active in the stage of time and space: either pursuing individual freedom, or willingly attaching to the patriarchal system, or spontaneously resisting in attachment ... However, the female consciousness in the Book of Songs era has distinct characteristics different from other historical stages.
It should be said that in the era of the Book of Songs, the female consciousness was in a primitive state, but from the initial embryonic stage, the female consciousness in the era of the Book of Songs showed the world the strong vitality of the sense of freedom. Women's freedom consciousness in The Book of Songs is like a single spark, which started a prairie fire and burned the whole sky in The Book of Songs.
Like a fern growing in the wild, it has not been infected and oppressed, which naturally makes the words filled with a wild propaganda atmosphere, making people hold the Book of Songs in their hands and recite the poems in a low voice, with their hearts pounding with those poems that linger on their lips. It feels like lighting a fire in winter. The fire-like enthusiasm is enough to burn the readers, leaving the women who are bound by ethics in the future unknown and disgraceful. In fact, women's female consciousness should include social understanding of women and women's self-awareness.
Women's self-awareness refers to women's understanding, feeling and evaluation of a series of activities such as the value, morality and aesthetics of their own objects as the cognitive subject of people with feelings and thinking. The course of female consciousness of women in China is a history of ups and downs of female consciousness in male society and individual families.
The process of female consciousness sinking is the process of women being deprived of their rights, losing their freedom and falling into a dependent position. The word "she" in The Book of Songs is far more bold and straightforward than that of men.
Their inner world is revealed without any cover. No matter how much they miss each other, they can call a spade a spade, and even their affair with men has no secrets. Although they were oppressed by the feudal ethical code system, the oppression remained at a simple level, and their love consciousness was still enthusiastically publicized, which was in sharp contrast with the obscure and depressed female love consciousness that fell into the abyss of feudal ethical code later.
Of course, from today's Dunhuang data, women in the Tang Dynasty still enjoyed a high status in society. At that time, girls in Dunhuang could choose their husbands themselves and make demands on them until they were satisfied.
But by the time of Song and Ming Dynasties, although there were folk songs reflecting the voice of freedom, the concept of female chastity in Neo-Confucianism was still hard to see. Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism put forward the way of learning, which further developed women's chastity view. One is the isolation and alienation of "men and women are not close", and the other is the way of ignoring death and emphasizing chastity.
In the Qing Dynasty, the feudal system's control and oppression of women reached its peak. According to some data, women in different dynasties lived in different periods.
3. Have you written any poems about women? He can only see the smile of his new love, but he can't hear the cry of his old love.
The stream is pure at the source of the mountain, but its water turns dark far away from the mountain. Wait for her maid to come back after selling pearls, and then she needs straw to build the roof.
Don't put them on the temples when picking flowers, let pine needles fall from her fingers. She forgot the thin silk sleeves and the cold, and leaned against a tall bamboo.
2. "there are beautiful women in the north, and they are independent. They care about the city, then the country. I'd rather not know the whole city and country, and it's hard to get another beauty. "
From Li Yannian's poems, a well-known word describing beauty is derived-"Love the country". 3. "Adding one point is too long and subtracting one point is too short" is just right and cannot be changed slightly, otherwise it will not be perfect. From Song Yu's Ode to the Disciple: "If the master has a son, adding one point is too long, subtracting one point is too short, painting is too white, and painting is too red." Smile and expect.
(The Book of Songs. Feng Wei said that beauty is drunk, but Zhu Yan is more attractive. (Song Yu evokes the soul >) Beauty hides today, but lotus flowers are ashamed.
There are beautiful women in the north, and they are peerless and independent. Take care of the city first, then the country.
(A song by Li Yannian) If you are surprised, if you are Youlong. (Cao Zhiluo's "Divine Endowment") Who would have noticed that Yue girl with a white jade face, humble and poor, was alone, washing silk by the river? .
(Wang Wei's Song of Luoyang Girls >) Hibiscus is not as beautiful as beauty makeup, and the water temple smells fragrant. (Wang Changling's Autumn Hatred in the West Palace) is receptive, aloof, sweet and sincere, with soft and delicate skin and well-proportioned bones.
(Du Fu's Two Ways >) As handsome as Zhi Tao in the third spring, as flat as chrysanthemum in the ninth autumn. (The sixty-eighth chapter of A Dream of Red Mansions) In the Book of Songs of the Zhou Dynasty, it was written: "Peach blossoms wither and burn their flowers, and their sons return home." Peach blossom has always been regarded as a symbol of women; There is a saying in Li Bai's Sauvignon Blanc in the Tang Dynasty that "flowers are as simple as flowers and clouds are the heart", which should be the first to compare flowers with beauty directly.
Beautiful people who see the bright clouds, think of their clothes and see flowers come to see them. If they hadn't seen Yushan for the first time, they would have gone to Yaotai to enjoy the moon. -Li Bai (Yang Guifei) Who is like the Han Palace? The poor swallow leans against her new makeup.
Like famous flowers, they live in peace and are often laughed at by the king. Explain that it is infinitely hateful, and Shen Xiangting is north.
-same as above, beautiful rolling bead curtain, how quiet she leans, how troublesome her brow is! You can see the bright tears on her face now, but not the man she loves so much-modesty shines like a flower. Action is like the wind blowing willow trees. The Book of Songs is the oldest poem in China. Poems describing beautiful women are: soft hands, soft hands, frozen skin, collars like dragonflies and teeth like rhinoceroses. Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow: However, the grace from heaven cannot be concealed. As long as she smiles back, there will be a hundred spells, and the makeup of the sixth palace will vanish, which will warm and smooth her skin, the clouds of her hair, the petals of her cheeks, and the golden ripples in her crown when she walks. In the spring night, it is covered by the warm lotus curtain, but one petal is like her face, one willow leaf is like her eyebrow, and one flower is like it. Make love for a long time and then separate, Cai Feng flies alone and Cai Feng lives alone. When is the lovesickness after parting? It's hard to know in the future? Will it be difficult in the future? Why do you have this feeling of lovesickness? A love story, a love poem.
Rain hits pear blossoms and closes the door, leaving youth alone! Pleasure * * * Who said that? Flowers are charming, and the moon is charming. Worried about gathering eyebrows to the end of the day, crying thousands, crying thousands; Xiao saw the sky and clouds at dusk and thought of you! Sitting quietly, thinking of you.
Tang Yin jealous flower song Last night, it began to rain, and several flowers were light and delicate; Beautiful women leave the blue room at dawn, fold in half in front of the mirror, and wear a red skirt. Ask Lang: "Is it good to spend a lot of money?" Lang said. "It is better to spend a lot of money."
Beautiful women are angry at words and don't believe that dead flowers are better than living people; Before you crush the flowers and throw them at Lang, please ask Lang to sleep with them tonight. (Comment by Yuan Zhonglang) I can actually draw Tang Yin's chrysanthemum. The yellow flower has no owner, and the winding path is cold; Just take money to buy powder, and pay the west wind with color all your life.
There is a line in Tang Yin's and Shen's fallen petal poems that today's spring is more than yesterday's spring, and North Ruan has become South Ruan. I would like to ask the shepherd boy to set up wine and try plums, kind man. Six, such as sending a concubine to Qiantang, eight fights only meet the water god; How many good flowers have fallen, and I haven't met a flower viewer.
Second, the spring is bitter and sick, and the flowers are rainy and windy; The old white on the temple is added with the new white, and the dark red at the bottom of the tree becomes light red. The missing guest has been sealed with incense, and the purse is empty for glass; All along, on the east coast of carpe diem, grass ponds have lived in chaos.
Third, spring comes and goes in a hurry, dazzling and prosperous; The apricot shirt is warm at the beginning, and the pear blossoms in the deep courtyard are windy. Sitting on the lamp all night, thinking about wine is reddish; If Dong Jun asks fish and geese, his mood is in the rain.
The fourth peach blossom is completely empty of apricot blossoms, year after year; Since March is coming, why should people hate even winds? On the eaves, the curtains are broken and the building is like a bully; Pick it up and take it to Baluofangpari, with a pair of mandarin ducks in the middle. Li Qingzhao is like a dream. It rained and blew suddenly last night, so you don't need residual wine for a deep sleep.
Ask the shutter man, Haitang is still there. Do you know that?/You know what? Do you know that?/You know what? It should be green, fat, red and thin.
Li Qingzhao has many things to do, and there is a pile of snow outside the curtain. I always remember that it was the spring season after the flowering of begonia.
The wine column sings jade and honors the sky, and the blue cylinder is dark and bright. I can't bear to dream, I cry () (left "definitely" right half, right "bird").
Li Qingzhao often gets drunk with plum blossoms in the snow every year. She has no heart to do plum blossoms, and tears fill her skirt! I lived in a remote place when the plum blossoms were in bloom this year, and my ears were short and thin. Look at the plum blossom blown by the night wind, and it is probably hard to see its gorgeous.
Li Qingzhao's riverside fairy plum garden is deep, and the cloud window fog pavilion is in the Spring Festival Evening. Who is haggard and damaged? Just dream at night. It should be Nanzhi.
Jade thin sandalwood light infinite hate, south building Qiang tube Hugh blowing. Who knows that the fragrance is blown out and the warm wind comes late, so don't let the apricot flowers get fat.
47. Go to Sasha, spend time with a beautiful woman, bid farewell to loneliness and usher in prosperity. For who? For who? Flowers are full of acacia tears, and flowers are drifting away with me.
Send away the cold night and welcome the dawn. The city is filled with flowers.
All lines are love, and branches and leaves are always related to love. The jade belt hangs in the forest and is buried in the snow. Baoyu still doesn't understand. When he asked, he knew he wouldn't reveal it, but he would leave it and give up. Then when he looked back, he saw a bow with citron hanging on it. Another song says: In the past twenty years, distinguish right from wrong, pomegranate blossoms shine on the palace. In the third spring, the tiger met early spring and dreamed of going home. There was a woman on the boat hiding her face and crying. There are four lines about the cloud: she is smart and ambitious, born in the last days, and her luck tends to fade. During the Qingming period, she was tearful at the edge of Wangjiang, and the east wind dreamed of it. Draw a few wisps of flying clouds behind you, and a bay will disappear with the water. Her words said: What is wealth? Her parents were disobedient when she was a baby. Show her eyes and hang oblique light.
4. Famous sayings about the tragic fate of women-from the typical female images in China's classical literature.
In the long-term survival and reproduction of mankind, women have played a vital role. The history of human civilization began with matriarchal society, but with the development of human civilization and the evolution of society, women gradually became subordinate to men, especially in the long feudal society, women were in an insulted and damaged position. This paper attempts to analyze the tragic fate of ancient women in China by taking the female images in China's ancient literary works as an example.
First, the expression of the tragic fate of ancient women in China
Since China's first poetry collection, The Book of Songs, women have been an important part of all kinds of literary genres and works, and the tragic fate of ancient women in China is also vividly displayed in these literary works. Generally speaking, there are three main manifestations of the tragic fate of ancient women in China:
L, the victim of the social system.
The image of abandoned wife created in China's first collection of poems, The Book of Songs, vividly reflects the heavy blow and unfortunate fate suffered by ancient women under the social system that men are superior to women. The abandoned wife in the poem is a spoony, kind, hardworking and strong woman, but such a virtuous wife is finally abandoned by her husband and laughed at by her family. Poetry profoundly reflects the oppression and harm of the social marriage system to women at that time, and also vividly reflects the passive and low status of women in marriage and family at that time. Du Shiniang in Feng Menglong's Du Shiniang's Wrath Box in Ming Dynasty is a woman with unyielding self-esteem. She is at the bottom of society and has been bullied in her long life as a prostitute. When her painstaking efforts finally turned for the better, what she got was the result of being cheated, bought and sold, and abandoned until she embarked on the road of desperate struggle. Du Shiniang's tragedy may have some contingency from the plot, but in fact, this contingency is the inevitable result of the social environment at that time. In traditional moral concepts, women's dependent status and prostitutes' humble social status are the chief culprits of Du Shiniang's tragic fate.
Hope to adopt, thank you ~
5. About the description of the woman, wearing a pale pink dress, she is long and mopping the floor, and her waist is bound by clouds, which is even more unsatisfactory. There is a Qibao coral hairpin in her hair, which looks like a hibiscus.
Beautiful face, a pair of eyes charming and natural, but awe-inspiring. A head of green hair is combed into a Chinese bun, which is plump and graceful. The pearl of the little finger is as bright as snow, and the stars twinkle in her hair. Lotus walked to the front of the temple, bent down gently and threw Bachen's daughter out to pay tribute to the emperor. Pay tribute to the emperor. The big peony green gauze is blue and red, and the pink daffodils with scattered flowers and green leaves skirt wander around the ground, covered with thin golden gauze.
The drooping sideburns are inlaid with pearls and jasper, and the flowers look like water hibiscus. Salute, jade hand gently pick the silver string, his hands plucked on the guqin, the piano sounds beautiful and rhythmic, just like nature. After a long time, this performance was over. He stood up slowly. His meticulous long black hair was often draped over his shoulders, slightly feminine, and sometimes he counted his long hair loosely, showing a different style. Suddenly, it becomes cute from maturity, which makes freshmen like pity. The fair skin is like just peeling off the shell. Big eyes twinkle as if they can talk, little red lips and white skin are more distinct, and a pair of small dimples are evenly distributed on both sides of the cheeks, smiling slightly. The dimples are looming on the cheeks and cute as a fairy.
Wearing a long dark blue brocade dress embroidered with white plum blossoms, she tied her slender waist with a white brocade belt. Black hair tied into a wishful bun, with only one plum and white Hosta inserted. Although simple, it looks fresh and elegant when you wash and dress in front of the mirror. The makeup is thin, and a pair of light blue silk dresses up the goose. Wearing thin silver beaded tassels, I changed into a pale pink dress with a plain white gauze dress, which is also the standard show girl makeup. Extremely elegant, the wind is slightly thin, but also mixed with a touch of sad green turquoise sweater, a pleated skirt with scattered flowers, water mist and green grass, and a tulle. If the shoulders are cut off and the muscles are coagulated, you will faint. Charming, boneless, brilliant, three points.
The green snail has a long eyebrow, and the pearl tassel is abandoned. Three thousand moss picked up only one finely carved plum hairpin, and the lead was pale. Diane's eyebrows are charming, her green temples are thick with spring smoke, and she has an aura like Wushan clouds.
When I heard that I was announced to enter the temple, I immediately restrained my skirt and gently moved the emperor: wearing a purple and gold crown with a bunch of hair embedded in it, Mei Qi's double dragons grabbed the amount of pearls, wearing a red arrow sleeve with colorful silk flower Golden Butterfly and a long tassel palace brocade. The coat is full of colorful Japanese forged tassels and small boots with blue satin background. If the face is like the mid-autumn moon, the color is like spring flowers, the sideburns are cut with knives, the eyebrows are like ink paintings, the face is like peach petals, and the eyes are like eyes.
If you laugh sometimes when you are angry, you will feel something. The skin is light and flowing, and the eyes are shining with the light of 1000 kinds of colored glasses.
It looks picturesque and beautiful, and it doesn't look like a real person at all. This appearance, this wind instrument, has completely surpassed the beauty of all mankind. Even if I wear a robe casually, I think even a fairy will never be more beautiful than him.
This kind of beauty that transcends men and women and the secular world cannot be described in words. Handsome, the face is as clear as sculpture, and the angular face is very handsome.
The appearance seems bohemian and informal, but the nudity inadvertently revealed in the eyes can not be underestimated. A thick black hair was pulled up high by a golden crown, but under a pair of knife-shaped eyebrows were a pair of slender peach blossom eyes, full of affection, which made people fall into it carelessly.
With a high nose and a red lip of moderate thickness, she has a dazzling smile at the moment. I left early, took off my robe and put on a clean and bright white brocade suit, which was loose inside and tight outside, and wore a delicate and flawless jade crown in my hair.
Eyes are beautiful, deep blue as the sea at night, cold as the sea at night. If the nose hangs down, if the lips are painted with Dan, the skin is like frozen fat.
The road is a smoky apricot garden, with flowers blooming and falling, snow fragrance overflowing, green grass and long wicker. These days, the problem of sealing the princess really gives me a headache. After approving the passbook, take the path to accompany me to the imperial garden. In the early spring, catkins were flying, and a few flowers were stained on the brocade robe embroidered with golden dragons on a black background, which was brushed away casually. The rainy season in Jiangnan is coming again, just like a woman in Jiangnan, gentle and affectionate.
Standing in the bow with a negative hand, a robe embroidered with golden dragon in the moonlight also makes people feel a little poetic. Holding an umbrella for me behind my back, a song floated faintly in my ear. I turned my head when I heard this, and raised my eyebrows slightly.) This song ... (A little meditation) Go and see Guan Guanluo's pigeon, in Hezhou. A beautiful and virtuous woman is a good spouse of a gentleman.
Mix shepherd's purse and salvage it from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman wakes up to pursue her.
If you can't pursue it, the black nightclub misses her during the day. Miss Long, I can't sleep over and over again.
Mix shepherd's purse and choose from left to right. A beautiful and virtuous woman came to her with a couple and a couple.
Interlaced shepherd's purse, beautiful and virtuous women ring the bell to please.
-The Book of Songs in the Spring and Autumn Period (one of the national traditions) Nan Zhou is evil! I want to know you and live a long life. There is no mausoleum in the mountains, the river is exhausted, there is Lei Zhen in winter, and there is rain and snow in summer. Only when heaven and earth are in harmony can we dare to be with you! -when those red plums come in spring and blush on your southern branches, the evil spirits of Han Yuefu? People who want to miss them collect more, and Mix red beans have attracted people's attention.
-Tang Xiangsi Last year today, outside this door, peach blossoms set each other off. Today, I came here again. I don't know where the girl went. Only the peach blossoms are still there, smiling in full bloom in the spring breeze.
-Tang Cuihu talks about the water level of Yangliuqing River in Nanzhuang, Ducheng, and listens to the songs on the Langjiang River. Sunrise in the east and rain in the west, the road is sunny.
-Liu Tang Yuxi Zhi Zhu Ci (3) Once the sea was difficult for water, it was amber forever. Hurried through the flowers, lazy to look back; This reason is partly because of the ascetic monk, and partly because of who you used to be.
-Tang Sizhi for more than thirteen years, cardamom in early February. The spring breeze travels ten miles along Yangzhou Road, and you never know when you will roll up the bead curtain.
Affectionate but always ruthless, I feel proud when I can't laugh. The candle on the table lit the heart, and it also saw the parting; You see, it shed tears for us and flowed to the morning.
-Don Tu Mu's "Farewell" (two songs) was long before I met her, but it was longer after we parted. The east wind started and a hundred flowers blossomed. Silkworms in spring will weave until they die, and candles will drain the wick every night.
In the morning, she saw her hair cloud changing in the mirror, but she bravely faced the cold of the moonlight with her evening song. There are not many roads to Pengshan. Oh, Bluebird, listen! -Give me what she said! .
-Tang Li Shangyin Untitled Last night's star, last night's wind, is the west of the studio and the east of the cinnamon room. Without Cai Feng's wings, it is impossible to be Qi Fei in fly with me; The heart is like a soul, and the feelings are the same.
Guessing and intrigue, wine warms the heart; This group of people came to the bet of drinking friends, and a win-lose red in candlelight. Listen to the drums.