Song Dynasty: Su Shi
I drank Dongpo in the evening and woke up drunk. It seemed like midnight when I came back. The child is short of breath. You shouldn't even knock on the door, but lean on your cane and listen to the sound of the river.
I have hated this body for a long time. When will I forget the camp? The night was calm and the lines were flat. Since then, this ship has passed away, and Jiang Hai spent the rest of his life.
Drink in Dongpo at night, get drunk and sober up. When I came back, it seemed to be midnight. The child snores like thunder, don't call the door repeatedly. I had to stand by the river on crutches and listen to the sound of the river running.
Long hate in official career, this body is not my own. When can I forget the pursuit of fame? It's quiet at night and the waves are quiet. I really want to take a boat and disappear from here, but I will die in foggy rivers and lakes for the rest of my life.
Creation background
1080 (the third year of Yuanfeng in Song Shenzong), Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) because of Wutai poetry case, and lived in Lingaoge on the Yangtze River in the south of the city. Later, a wasteland was reclaimed not far away, and crops and trees were planted, named Dongpo and Dongpo lay man. And built a house called Tang Xue here.
For Su Shi, who suffered from severe political persecution, this is the rest of his life, and his heart is bitter and painful. But he was not overwhelmed by pain, but showed a superhuman generosity, a calm spirit that did not care about the world. Sometimes his clothes are covered with awns, he goes in and out of pavilions, and sometimes he goes boating on a moonlit night, causing waves between mountains and rivers. He wants to seek beauty from nature and appreciate the philosophy of life.
This poem was written in September of 1082 (the fifth year of Yuanfeng in Song Shenzong), and Su Shi was exiled to Huangzhou for three years.
2. Youzhou Tower
Tang Dynasty: Chen Ziang
No one can see the ancient wisdom of the ancient king, only those wise men who can't see the afterlife can see it.
Only the boundless universe, boundless, can't stop the tears full of sadness. ?
You can't see the ancient sages forward, and you can't see the wise masters now. I feel sad at the thought of boundless heaven and earth, and cry alone.
Creation background
This poem was written in the first year of Wu Zetian's longevity (696). Chen Ziang is a scholar with political knowledge and talent. He is outspoken and dares to protest. He often criticized many disadvantages of Wuhou dynasty, which was not adopted by Wu Zetian and was imprisoned for "betraying the party". His political ambition was not realized, but was hit, which made him very depressed.
In the first year of Long Live Tian Tong, Li Dezhong and Sun Wanrong, the Khitans, captured Yingzhou. Wu Zetian appointed Wu Yousi to lead the army to conquer, and Chen Ziang served as a staff officer in Wu Yousi's shogunate and went out with the army. Wu Youyi is reckless and has no strategy. In the second year, defeat was imminent. He asked to send 10 thousand men as pioneers to attack the enemy, but Wu refused. Later, Chen Ziang talked to Wujin again, refused to listen, and reduced him to sergeant.
The poet suffered setbacks one after another and his ambition to serve the country was shattered. So, he boarded Jibei Tower and wrote poems such as Youzhou Tower and Qiu Ji's Seven Visits to Ancient Times for Lu Jushi's Tibetan Use.
3. "Move to Languan to show my grandnephew"
Tang dynasty: Han Yu
A letter is typed in the sky, and eight thousand in Chaozhou Road in the evening.
If you want to eliminate disasters for the holy dynasty, you are willing to decline and cherish the old!
Where is the home of Yunheng Qinling? The heavy snow hindered the horse's progress.
Knowing that you came all the way, you should have done it on purpose so that I could collect the bones by the river.
In the morning, he played in the imperial court, and in the evening, he was banished to Chaozhou, which is 8 thousand miles away from Beijing. I wanted to get rid of those harmful things for the emperor, but I didn't care about the decadent body and the rest of my life! Dark clouds hang over the hometown of Qinling Mountains. Where can it be? The heavy snow blocked the blue passage and the horse refused to move forward. I know you have come a long way with other intentions. You just collected my bones by the river.
Creation background
In the 14th year of Tang Yuanhe (8 19), in the first month, Tang Xianzong ordered eunuchs to welcome a phalanx of so-called Sakyamuni Buddha from Famen Temple in Fengxiang, and sent it to various temples to invite officials and people to burn incense. Han Yu, then assistant minister of punishments, saw this Buddhist behavior and wrote an article "Persuading Buddha's Bone Table".
Persuade and stop Tang Xianzong, pointing out that Buddhism is not good for the country, and since the Eastern Han Dynasty, emperors who believe in Buddhism are short-lived. As a result, Tang Xianzong was angered and Han Yu was almost executed. After the intercession of Pei Du and others, Han Yu was finally demoted to Chaozhou Secretariat and asked to go on the road today. Han Yu wasted most of his life as an official. At the age of 50, he was promoted to assistant minister of punishments for his participation in Pinghuai.
Two years later, I encountered this kind of difficulty again, and my mood was very low, full of depression, indignation and sadness. Chaozhou governs Chaoyang in eastern Guangdong, which is thousands of miles away from Chang 'an, the capital at that time. Han Yu was on his way alone. When I arrived at Lantian Pass, my wife and children didn't catch up, only my grandnephew followed, so I wrote this poem.
4. "I heard that Wang Changling left and moved to Longbiaoyao to deliver this."
Tang Dynasty: Li Bai
After the easy autumn, cuckoo clock, I heard you pass five streams.
I entrust my sad thoughts to the moon, hoping to accompany you to the west of Yelang.
After Huayang finished singing, I heard that you were demoted to captain of Longbiao, and that remote place of Longbiao had to pass through Wuxi. I put my sad thoughts on the bright and warm moon, hoping it can accompany you to Yelangxi with the wind.
Creation background
This poem was written in the eighth year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (749) and the twelfth year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty (753). At that time, Wang Changling was demoted from Ningcheng, Jiangning to a captain in Longbiao County (now Qianyang County, Huaihua, Hunan Province). Li Bai wrote this poem after hearing that his friend was demoted to Yangzhou.
Wang Changling's move to the left and Long Biao Wei (the ancients were still right, so it was called "moving to the left") were recorded in the Book of the New Tang Dynasty because he was "careless", that is, he offended and demoted officials, not because of any big problems, but because of his disorderly life.
When leaving Xin Qiji in Furong Building, Wang Changling also said to his good friend: "Luoyang's relatives and friends are like asking each other, and a piece of ice is in the jade pot." That is to say, Bao Zhao's innocence is expressed by the metaphor of "as clear as a jade pot and ice" in "The Ballad of the White Head". After hearing about his misfortune, Li Bai wrote this poem full of sympathy and care and sent it to him from far away.
5. Jiang Xue
Tang Dynasty: Liu Zongyuan
There are no birds flying over those mountains, and there are no traces of people in those paths.
A boat on the river, a fisherman wearing his webworm moth; Fishing alone is not afraid of snow and ice.
Birds can't fly in the mountains, and people can't be seen on the road. On a lonely boat on the river, an old man wearing a bamboo hat was fishing alone on the cold river.
Creation background
Jiang Xue was written during Liu Zongyuan's exile in Yongzhou (805-8 15). During Yongzhen Yuan's reign (805), Liu Zongyuan participated in Yongzhen Reform initiated by Wang Group, and carried out political measures to restrain internal officials, control foreign countries and safeguard national unity.
However, due to the joint opposition of reactionary forces, the reform soon failed. Liu Zongyuan was demoted to Yongzhou Sima and exiled for ten years. In fact, he lived a life of "prisoner" under control and house arrest. The oppression of the sinister environment did not crush him. Being at a political disadvantage, he expressed the value and ideal interest of life through his poems. This poem is one of the masterpieces.