(1) profile style
The purpose is to remember the main contents of the book. By writing an outline of the content, the main content and secondary content are clearly defined.
(2) Extract type
Mainly to accumulate vocabulary and sentences. You can extract beautiful words, wonderful sentences and paragraphs for later reading, reciting and using.
(3) Imitating writing style
In order to apply what you have learned, you can imitate the wonderful sentences and paragraphs extracted and learn to use them.
(4) Comment style
It mainly comments on the characters and events in the reading materials to affirm their ideological and artistic value. It can be divided into title, main content and comments.
(5) experience.
In order to write down what I feel most, write down the books I have read, write down what is in my most educated book, and write down my feelings in connection with reality. That is, the feeling of being casual.
(6) Suspicious type
It is mainly to record the difficult problems encountered in reading, write them down while reading, and then ask questions separately later to achieve the purpose of understanding.
(7) Simplified form
In order to remember the outline of the story, after reading a long article, you can grasp the main content and abbreviate it into a short article. The above forms can be mastered step by step.
Edit the contents of this reading note.
Reading notes are a practical style written by people to help them remember when reading. Since ancient times, scholars in China have attached great importance to reading notes. Taking reading notes is not only an effective means to digest book knowledge, but also can accumulate useful materials, train the logic and organization of thinking, and improve the ability to analyze and solve problems. Combining the reading notes written by predecessors, I want to say three ways to write them. One is called "Asking the Mystery of Hook", the other is called "Picking Flowers to Make Honey", and the other is called "Founding a Mountain to Cast Copper".
"Speaking of mystery"
Han Yu, a famous writer in the Tang Dynasty, wrote reading notes in Shuo Wen Jie Zi, saying: "The chronicler must mention his essentials, and the fabricator must hook his mystery." He reads history books and records important events. He reads philosophy books and extracts the main points. Some of Han Yu's reading notes are still treasured in his library. There is an article "Reading". Here's a quote to see how he wrote his reading notes. Its contents are as follows: ten articles and nine articles, whose words are mixed with Huang Lao's criminal name. The theories of "four records" and "five points" are appropriate in his Bo Xuan Pian. What a great merit it is to help others when they are in trouble and dedicate it to the country! As the saying goes, "it's useless to be born cheap, and a pot of gold is lost in the middle of the boat." I read his words and mourned them. There are five words in the correct thirty, three words in B, two words in the destroyed twenty and two words in Note Ten. First, he declared how many books there were, and no one knew who the author was or where he came from. The author didn't write his name and native place because he couldn't find it. Secondly, point out what this book is about. This book belongs to the pre-Qin philosophers, who are classified into different categories, so some people pointed out that "his words are mixed with yellow and old criminal names." Huang Lao is a Taoist who talks about the theories of Huangdi and Laozi. The name of punishment is Legalism. It is pointed out that the content of this book is Taoism and Legalism. To point out the main points of this book, there is an article called Bo Xuan Pian, which puts forward the theory of "four records" and "five records". "Four Records" pointed out that from four aspects, the "Five Records" must meet five requirements, all for the sake of governing the country. Han Yu thinks his theory is very appropriate. If he is appointed by the monarch, governing the country in his way will have many effects. He also quoted the words in the book, saying that something was looked down upon because it was not used. For example, a big gourd is looked down upon by everyone. If the boat capsizes in the river, you can save your life with a big gourd. A big gourd is worth 1000 yuan at this time. Han Yu repeated these words, which caused sorrow. In the book, the big gourd is used to compare talents. Talents are abandoned, so they are looked down upon, and Han Yu is sad. Han Yu also corrected the mistakes in the book and changed 35 words. There are 3 words written backwards, 22 misspelled words, and 12 corrected words are marked next to them. From this article, we can see how the abstract reading notes are written. Not just writing down the main points of a book. First, write down how many articles there are in this book and what the content is mainly about. Then write down what the main points are, and write your own views on these points, and write your own opinions. I also picked out the wonderful words, expressed my views, and finally mentioned correcting the mistakes in the book. From the perspective of "reading his words three times and lamenting them", the imaginary number of the word "three" means repeated reading. It can be seen that if Han Yu encounters wonderful words, he will not read them, but will read them repeatedly. This is a reading note of the abstract written by Han Yu. It does record the main points, but you should also write down your own views on these points, including expressing your feelings. It is also necessary to make a general explanation of the contents of the book. Then you should not only read a book, but also think after reading it, from the content of the book to the wonderful chapters to the wonderful words, until you don't let go of the typos in the book. From here, we can not only learn how to write abstract reading notes, but also learn how he reads.
"Collecting flowers to make honey"
Honey is made from the sweet liquid when bees pick flowers, not a sweet liquid of flowers, but a sweet liquid of various flowers. Some reading notes are the author's point of view through comparative study after reading many books, such as bees making honey. Such reading notes are more exciting and different from the general view. For example, Zhu Zhu's Zhuzi Style: Yuan and Ming's poems are said to be flat talks. According to some people, he is proud of it, but he is uninhibited. Its true colors are an article in Jing Ke Fu. How can a calm person say such a thing? Gong Zizhen's Ji Hai Miscellaneous Poems: Tao Qian's coolness imitates Wolong Hao, and Xunyang's pine chrysanthemum is high through the ages. Don't believe that the poet speaks flatly, and Fu Liang is split in two. There are many forms of reading notes, and the notes mentioned above are one kind; There are two other kinds here, one is prose and the other is poetry. Only write your own opinions, use the style of prose, and don't write the number of topics and volumes. , mainly to write down their views on books, not to mention writing down the title, volume number, etc. In the form of poetry. The above-mentioned passage by Zhu and this poem by Gong Zizhen are actually reflections on Tao Yuanming's poem, so they are also discussed as reading notes. "Poems in Yuan and Ming Dynasties, people speak Pinghua" means that he read what others said about Tao Yuanming and said that poems in Yuan and Ming Dynasties were Pinghua. "According to someone, he proudly let go." He read Yuan Ming's poems, which is different from others' views. He thinks that flat talk is superficial and bold at heart. He also read many bold poems. After comparison, he thinks that the boldness of Yuan and Ming's poems is different from others, and his poems are not revealed. There is also an exposed article "Ode to Jing Ke". His argument is that reading other people's poems about Yuanming should be tested by Yuanming's poems. Read other bold poems to compare with Yuan Ming's poems; Go get it. He not only saw superficial talk in Yuan Ming's poems, but also saw his boldness in the poem Ode to Jing Ke. Looking at other poems written by him, we can see that through superficial talk, he is bold in his bones, that is, Yuan Ming's character can be seen from his poems. This is like bees picking flowers to make honey, which is obtained through reading a lot of books and comparative research. Gong Zizhen's poems mainly adopted Zhu's arguments, but added new ones: first, he compared Tao Yuanming's personality with Zhuge Liang's boldness; Second, he praised Yuan Ming's superb character; Thirdly, he compared his poems with Li Sao written by Liang and Qu Yuan. Here, Gong Zizhen not only read Tao Yuanming's poems, but also read the biographies of Tao Yuanming and Zhuge Liang to understand their personalities, and also read Zhuge Liang's Fu Liangyin. I also studied the people with super good personalities in history, and wrote this poem after comparison. It is said that "Xunyang lived in an ancient high place" because Tao Yuanming is a Xunyang native and loves to live in a loose place. He said in "Gui Xi Ci" that he "lingered on lonely pines", and in "Drinking" that he "picked chrysanthemums under the east fence", and chrysanthemums and pine trees were used to symbolize noble character. Saying this sentence shows that he compared Tao Yuanming with previous dynasties. He also compared Qu Yuan's Li Sao with Tao Yuanming's poems, and saw that Tao Yuanming's boldness was closer to Zhuge Liang, and he had more elements. There is a certain distance from Qu Yuan, which accounts for less components. That's because Qu Yuan committed suicide by throwing himself into the river. Yuan Ming was less angry and more philosophical. He is also different from Zhuge Liang, because Yuan Ming is not as successful as Zhuge Liang. Whether his measurement is appropriate or not, in short, he has read a lot of books and obtained them through comparative research, just like picking flowers to make honey.
"Cutting Mountain and Casting Copper"
Gu's Record of Japanese Knowledge in the early Qing Dynasty is a masterpiece of reading notes. In Book Ten with People, he talked about two kinds of books: one is to collect old money, which is called casting new money with scrap copper and iron, which is not only inferior but also destroys good old money. One is to mine copper and smelt copper. In the past year, his "Record of the Day" has been read early and read late, and has been searched repeatedly. There are only more than ten articles, but it is also a few copper coins in the mountains. Destroying old money to make new money probably refers to cutting and pasting old books into new books, cutting mountains and casting copper, and probably refers to discovering new problems and putting forward new opinions from many materials. If collecting flowers and making honey mainly refers to literary and artistic research, then cutting mountains and casting copper mainly refers to academic research. Here is the article "Zhengshi" in Rizhilu. ..... Where there is national subjugation, there is national subjugation. Debate between national subjugation and national subjugation? Day: I changed my surname to national subjugation. Benevolence is an obstacle. As for attracting animals to eat people, people will kill each other, which is called the death of the world. ..... protect the country, its monarch and ministers, and the carnivores seek it; Those who protect the world are mean to everyone. They are expensive. ..... The reading notes written in Records of the Sun, named "Founding a Mountain and Casting Copper", often quoted many books, from which a conclusion was drawn. If all the books cited are plagiarized, it will be too many and inappropriate, so we have to draw a conclusion. Yanwu drew this conclusion from many materials. When he said "national subjugation", he changed the dynasty, so it was only a matter of the monarch and ministers of that dynasty, and the official title of that dynasty should be considered. "Carnivores" refer to officials.