Night berth near Fengqiao
Tang zhangji
Frosty night,
Jiang Feng sleeps in the fire.
Hanshan Temple outside Gusu (3),
At midnight, the bell of the passenger ship rang.
[Edit this paragraph] Note
(1) Qiao Feng: Outside Nagato, Suzhou today. The title of this poem is "Sleeping at Night on Maple Bridge".
2. Jiangfeng: A maple tree on the river. Fishing fire: a lamp on a fishing boat. 3 worry about sleep: people who can't sleep because of worry. Later generations named the local mountain "Sorrow Sleep" because of this poem.
4 Gusu: Suzhou is another name, named after Gusu Mountain in the southwest of the city. Hanshan Temple: Near Qiao Feng, it was built in the Southern Liang Dynasty. According to legend, it was named after the Tang priest who lived in Hanshan found it.
⑤ Meng Xun: At that time, the monk temple had the habit of ringing the bell at midnight, which was also called "impermanent clock". Ceng Yun in Ouyang Xiu's Poem on June 1st said: "Poets are greedy for good sentences, but they are unreasonable and their words are sick." For example, in the Tang Dynasty, there was a saying,' Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City knocks on passenger ships at midnight'. It is better for people to say it, for example, midnight is not the time to ring the bell. "Geng Xi Shi Hua" demonstrates here: "However, I used to be an official in Gusu, and every three drums were exhausted. From the beginning of the fourth drum, the bells of all temples rang. I think it has existed since the Tang Dynasty. After observing Gu Yu's poems, he said, "Be sure to know your friends at home and listen to the midnight bell of Goushan in the distance." Bai Letian said, "Under the new autumn pine, after midnight." Wen Tingyun said:' Looking back at the leisure list frequently, there is no midnight clock in the window.' So the elder said, not just Zhang. Sun Yong, a poet in the Song Dynasty, said in his quatrain "Crossing the Qiao Feng Temple": "To grow old together and dream back, the castle peak will not change its old appearance. The moon sets at the temple near the bridge, and it is still midnight to lean on the pillow. " "Poetry" said: "Zhang Ji's" Midnight Bell Knocks on Passenger Ships "tells a lot of people, all of whom were fooled by the old people. Poetry flows from the scenery only in the tone of melody, and the combination of interest and image is only a fact. How can he be idle? Whether it is right or wrong in the middle of the night, whether the bell is heard or not is unknown. " "Don't pick up the money in Tang Poetry": "Midnight bells are either wrong or there are midnight bells here, which is not a solution. If you want it, the poet can't be persistent. If you persist, then' the morning bell is wet outside the clouds',' the clock and the white clouds' and' the fallen leaves are full of sparse clocks' are all unreasonable. "
[Edit this paragraph] Interpretation of Poetry
The moon has set, crows are still crowing, and the curtains are hazy and frosty. The maple trees by the river and the fishing fire on the boat make it difficult for a person to sleep. In the lonely and quiet Hanshan Temple outside Gusu, the bell that rang in the middle of the night reached the passenger ship I was riding.
[Edit this paragraph] Explanation of words
Jiang Feng: Generally speaking, it means maple trees by the river. Others think that "Jiangfeng" refers to the names of two bridges next to Hanshan Temple, namely Jiangcun Bridge and Qiao Feng Bridge.
Gusu: Another name for Suzhou.
Hanshan Temple: In Xifeng Town, Suzhou City today. Legend has it that it was named after Hanshan, a monk in the Tang Dynasty. The real name is Miaoliping Pagoda, also known as Qiao Feng Temple. Or "Hanshan" refers to Hanshan, not the name of the temple. Can be prepared.
[Edit this paragraph] Appreciation of Poetry and Prose
The poet's thinking is meticulous. Six scenes are included in just four poems, and a quiet and distant artistic conception is constructed in the most poetic language: fishing by the river in autumn night, and passengers lying listening to the bells in the quiet night. The selection of all scenery is unique: one is static and one is dynamic, one is bright and the other is dark. The collocation of scenery and the artistic conception of characters have reached a high degree of tacit understanding and blending, and * * * has formed this artistic realm that has become a model for later generations.
[Edit this paragraph] Author
Ji Zhang
[Tang] (living around 756 AD) was born in Xiangzhou (now Xiangyang County, Hubei Province). Every year, his birth and death are unknown. He lived from Tang Suzong to the beginning of German life. Be knowledgeable, talkative and knowledgeable. Making friends with Huang Furan is more affectionate than Kundi. In the 12th year of Tianbao (AD 753), he was a scholar. Try to assist the military shogunate in the town and be a judge of salt and iron. At the end of the Dali period, Yuan Wailang, the founder of the school, entered. He also divided the wealth of Hongzhou. Later, both husband and wife died in their place. The following poem is the most famous one written by a night stop near Fengqiao, and there is a volume of poetry, The Book of the New Tang Dynasty, which has been handed down from generation to generation.
Gao Zhongwu commented on Zhang Ji's poems: "both things are cut", "deeper than xing", "self-decoration without carving, clear posture and good wind. His poems have both "Taoist style" and "Zen flavor", which was the general atmosphere of advocating Confucianism and Taoism at that time, and he was no exception. However, he does not have the bureaucratic habits of ordinary officials. He once wrote a sentimental poem: "Those who are in tune with the times must talk about calmness. I don't know that the imperial city waits for five doors all the year round." "He didn't meet dignitaries, and was also a scholar poet HuangFuRan cosied up.
Rules and forms of classical poetry creation
Seven-syllable/seven-syllable quatrain
[Edit this paragraph] Appreciate
This is the most famous poem in Dali. The first two sentences are full of images: falling moon, crow, frosty sky, Jiang Feng, fishing fire, sleepless people, which creates an aesthetic situation with rich meanings and rhymes. The first two sentences not only describe the scenery along the river in autumn night, but also express the author's homesickness. The last two sentences are sparse images: city, temple, boat and clock, which is an ethereal and far-reaching artistic conception. It is difficult to see things at night without a moon, fishing and fire are eye-catching, frost and snow are cold; At midnight, in silence, I heard crows and bells. With such a contrast between silence and sound, the scenery is all in love and the sound is all in my heart. The artistic conception is scattered, and the faint guest worries are touched by light and meaningful, swaying in the night sky of Gusu City, adding eternal amorous feelings to a bridge, a water, a temple and a city there, attracting people. The whole poem begins with a sad word. "Three Episodes of Tang Poetry": "The whole poem begins with' melancholy sleep', and the beauty lies in silence." "Zhaisha Tang Poetry": "The word' sad sleep' is the whole chapter." He teased the word "worry" and wrote that night in vain, tossing and turning. "Interpretation of Ancient Poetry": "This poem is the best, like a connection, like a break, like a connection."
[Edit this paragraph] Meaning
The moon has set, crows keep crowing, and looking up at the sky is like a thin layer of autumn frost. The maple trees by the river lit the fishing fire on the boat, leaving me to sleep alone with sadness. In Hanshan Temple outside Gusu, the bell that rang in the middle of the night reached my passenger ship.
[Edit this paragraph] Appreciate
"a night-mooring near maple bridge" describes an autumn night, when a poet berthed at Fengqiao outside Suzhou. The beautiful scenery of autumn night in Jiangnan water town attracted this wanderer with travel worries, which made him appreciate a meaningful poetic beauty and wrote this poem with far-reaching artistic conception. It expresses the poet's lonely and sad homesickness during his journey.
Why did the poet stay up all night? The first sentence wrote three closely related scenes: "The moon sets, crows crow and the sky is covered with frost". The first quarter moon rises early, and when the moon sets, it is about dawn, and birds in the trees will also crow at dawn. The "frost" of autumn night is suffused with the chill of soaking bones and muscles, which surrounds the poet's boat from all directions, making him feel that the vast night sky outside is filled with frost. In the second sentence, the poet used "Jiang Feng" and "fishing fire" to stay up all night.
Summary: The first two sentences describe six kinds of scenes, namely "the moon sets", "crows", "first frost is full of sky", "Jiangfeng", "fishing fire" and the guests on board who stayed up all night. The last two sentences only describe the scene of Meng Xun ringing the bell and boarding the boat at Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City. The first two sentences were seen by the poet, and the last two sentences were heard by the poet. In the silent night, I suddenly heard the distant bell. How did the poet feel when he stayed up all night? Facing the Jiang Feng fishing fire wandering in the frosty night, I felt a faint sadness. This poem "Midnight Bell" not only sets off the quietness of the night, but also reveals the depth of the night. Needless to say, the poet feels all kinds of unspeakable feelings when lying down and listening to the bell.
This poem is written in flashback, first writing the scene at dawn, and then recalling the scene last night and the midnight bell. The whole poem is full of colorful feelings and scenes.
[Edit this paragraph] extension
Little-known Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ji's "a night-mooring near maple bridge" There are not many poems left by Tang Dynasty poet Zhang Ji, but a poem "a night-mooring near maple bridge" has accompanied Suzhou City and Hanshan Temple for thousands of years. When Zhang Ji revisited Hanshan Temple, he wrote another poem "Restarting Qiao Feng", which is little known. The poem is: "white hair returns to dreams, and green hills do not change their old appearance." The five-body moon falls on Hanshan Temple, and midnight can be heard on the pillow. "
Poet Zhang Ji
[Edit this paragraph] The poem tablet "a night-mooring near maple bridge"
Yu Yue's "a night-mooring near maple bridge" In the stele gallery of Hanshan Temple, an ancient temple in the south of the Yangtze River, there is a stone tablet engraved with the famous sentence "a night-mooring near maple bridge" by Zhang Ji, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty: "The moon is full of birds singing and frost, and Jiang Feng is worried about sleep. Hanshan Temple outside Gusu City, passenger ships are ringing at midnight. "
This poem tablet written by Yu Yue, a famous scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, has become a must of Hanshan Temple.
Since the publication of a night-mooring near maple bridge, there have been many writers who carved tablets for Hanshan Temple. According to Records of Hanshan Temple, the first a night-mooring near maple bridge was written by Wang Si in Song Dynasty. Because of repeated wars and defeats, this monument has been burned down many times. When Hanshan Temple was rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty, the painter Wen Zhiming rewrote the poem "a night-mooring near maple bridge" for Hanshan Temple and carved it on a stone, which is the second poem monument of "a night-mooring near maple bridge". Since then, there have been several fires in Hanshan Temple, and Wen Zhiming's handwritten poems are scattered among weeds and rubble. At present, only figures such as "Frost, Crow, Ancient and Su" are embedded in the wall of Hanshan Temple.
Wen Zhiming's a night-mooring near maple bridge In the thirty-second year of Guangxu in the late Qing Dynasty, when Chen Long, the governor of Jiangsu, rebuilt Hanshan Temple, he felt that the ancient monument no longer existed, so he asked Yu Yue to write the third a night-mooring near maple bridge in calligraphy. At that time, although Yu Yue was 86 years old, he was still full of emotions, with a steady composition and mellow brushwork. Yu Yue died suddenly a few days after he finished writing this book.
The fourth tablet of a night-mooring near maple bridge in Hanshan Temple was written by a calligrapher with the same name and surname as Zhang Ji in Tang Dynasty. According to Zheng Laoren, an expert in literature and history, this modern painter wrote the ancient poem a night-mooring near maple bridge at the invitation of a famous painter. There are postscript clouds after the poem; "Hanshan Temple scenic spot in rewelding, with frequent exchanges between Wumen, ends a tour here. Mr Fan Hu, like the poets who wrote a night-mooring near maple bridge in the Tang Dynasty, asked him to write this poem. In December of the thirty-sixth year of the Republic of China, Zhangzhou Zhang Ji. " Modern Zhang Jishu's ancient poems were carved by the famous stone carver Huang Huaijue and stood in Hanshan Temple, which was once a much-told story. It's a pity that he died the day after he finished writing Night Sleeping near Fengqiao. The poem tablet he wrote is still in Hanshan Temple.
[Edit this paragraph] The song "Night Sleeping by the Maple Bridge"
Chinese sadness
-Written for a night-mooring near maple bridge, the most beautiful song on the Internet in China in 2007.
Cheng jiesi
I always think that China's ancient poems are the most vivid and accurate in writing farewell words. A few words can often make people immersed in it. From "the lonely sail crosses the blue sky, only the Yangtze River flows in the sky" to "she is watching the moonlight in Fuzhou, alone in her bedroom window", there is unspeakable sadness between the lines, and she is full of sighs. And Zhang Ji's a night-mooring near maple bridge is even more bleak. On the outskirts of the ancient city of Suzhou, I heard loud bells, crows chirping occasionally, and I saw the silhouette of small fishing fires and maple trees hidden in the night. I am alone on the boat, so I miss my friends and relatives. That feeling is really filled with the sadness of China people. There are many songs recreated on the basis of this poem, the most familiar of which is The Sound of the Waves Still, which set off a very popular retro trend in the music scene at that time. Mao Ning's white scarf was once the most popular dress at the Spring Festival party. But strictly speaking, the song "The Sound of the Waves Still" is just a reference to the lyrics "One night at the Maple Bridge". Savoring the true meaning carefully, I feel that the charm of ancient poetry itself seems to be not enough, and the realm is not completely consistent.
Night Sleeping by the Maple Bridge, composed by Sun Ding Yang Qing of Nanjing Art College and sung by Zhu Yanqing, is a song that has a great influence among netizens in Jiangsu and Zhejiang recently, focusing on boys' dormitory. From the lyrics to the melody, it is very tasteful and unconventional. Most importantly, when we listen to it, we almost think that this song is a contemporary music version of night parking near Fengqiao. However, this song did not advance its creation era to the style period of "The Sound of the Waves Still", but organically integrated popular rap elements into the song, which was quite popular. Some people like retro and think that the rap part is not harmonious, but personally, if there are no popular elements such as rap, this song can only follow the still footsteps of the waves, and after fusion, this song may be a sequence thousands of miles away.
Suzhou is really a sentimental city. Listening to this song, you can completely put yourself in the artistic conception of the small bridge in the south of the Yangtze River, looking for the care you lost there in your dream. Maybe when you are walking on the bridge, the distant bell comes, a breeze blows off some maple leaves and falls into the sparse bluegrass, and the air is filled with cool and sad fragrance. You will suddenly feel that everything is like a previous life, and you will suddenly think of a person's shadow. This is the Chinese parting sorrow that can break your heart without tears.