Wen Yiduo once compared this encounter to the collision between the sun and the moon. So who is the sun and who is the moon? At this time, although Li Bai lost his throne as a royal poet, he was still the poet laureate appointed by the king, and his poems were famous all over the world. Du Fu has just made his debut, and the title of his poem is unknown. The book of the New Tang Dynasty says that he is as famous as Li Bai, which is totally untrue. Du Li enjoyed the same reputation, which happened after Du Fu's death. You can imagine how flattered young Du Fu was to make friends with this famous person. Li Bai's appearance is probably a bit of a sage-like type, so Du Fu's first impression of him, like He Wei, was shocked as a fairy, and he also learned to seek immortality and visit Taoism, "picking Yao grass at the same time" ("Give Li Bai"). That autumn, they roamed Liang and Song with Gao Shi. In the second year, Gao Shi traveled south to Chu, traveling with Qi and Lu. "Yu Yidong is a guest, and you (Li Bai) are like brothers. Drunk in the autumn, hand in hand with the Japanese. " ("Searching for Seclusion and Twelve Poems by Li") So intimate, if it is put aside today, it may be suspected of homosexuality. In autumn, Du Fuxi went to Chang 'an to seek fame, and Li Bainan traveled. One settled down as "Chunshu in Weibei" and the other wandered as "Sunset in Jiangdong" ("Remembering Li Bai in Spring"), and never met again.
Of Li's 1000 poems, only four are related to Du Fu. Among them, A Play for Du Fu is not concentrated. Judging from the content and text, it must be false. It is doubtful whether Du Buque in Autumn Banquet at Yao Temple Pavilion in Luxian County is Du Fu (Du Fu had no official position at that time, nor was he "Buque"), so there are only two songs that can be determined.
Du Li traveled with Qilu, and Li Bai stayed in Dune City, Shandong Province, and wrote a poem "Dune at the Gate to Send Du Fu":
"What am I doing here? A city of sand dunes with high terrain. There are ancient trees on the edge of the city, and autumn sounds ring day and night. Lu wine is not drunk, so sing a song for nothing. If you think you are a gentleman, you will be sent to the south. "
When we write the last sentence, we can express our feelings of missing, but if we read Li's poem more: "Oh, ask this river flowing eastward, can it go further than the love of friends!" " "Peach Blossom Pond is deeper than thousands of feet, but not as good as Wang Lun", "Sailing alone across the sky blue, only the Yangtze River flows" and "Yun Fan is far away from each other, and the Yangtze River flows since dusk", we will find that "I miss you, but it is nothing more than water.
Another is Li Bai's perfunctory farewell when Du Fuxi went to Chang 'an:
"Drunk don't a few days later, boarded the pool. When will Shimen Road open again? Eyes rested on Surabaya, and the sea was bright. The eaves and walls are thousands of miles away, and the cup is in hand. " ("Send Du Fu to Dongshimen, Route Army")
In the face of parting, his mind is full of wine and wine, one cup after another. Let's talk about it after drinking this cup. There is no other meaning. Guo Moruo advocated that "the stone gate opens and the golden vase blooms", which Du Fu said in "Memories of Li Bai in Spring". But what Du Fu emphasized was "fine writing", and "a bottle of wine" was just seasoning, while Li Bai was drinking for wine. Why not mention anything else? It turned out that Du Fu was just a fair-weather friend in his mind. Sure enough, after leaving, Li Bai left Du Fu behind and completely forgot him. Du Fu was never mentioned in his later poems.
On the contrary, Du Fu's memory of this friendship, which lasted only over a year, is eternal. Among Du Fu's existing poems of 1400, there are about 20 poems related to Li Bai, of which 10 was directly given as a gift in memory of Li Bai, and most of them were written after Du Li broke up. These are painstaking and sincere masterpieces. In these poems, there are persistent thoughts about Li Bai: "I want to the end alone", "Until you came to my side in my dream last night, because I have been thinking about you", and even "I dreamed of you for three nights, as gentle, intimate and true as I was awake." ; There are specific comments on Li's poems: "fresh in the government, Jun Yibao joined the army", "There are beautiful sentences, often like a pit" and "Scared rain sets pen to paper, poetry makes ghosts cry"; There is great admiration for Li Bai's achievements: "Bai Ye's poems are invincible, and his thoughts are superior" and "fame after a thousand years, what's the good of fame after ten thousand years? When you die, it's gone", although his poetic skills have actually surpassed Li Bai at this time; There are regrets and sympathy for Li Bai's unfortunate birth and talent: "Poets should beware of prosperity, but the devil can trouble a wanderer", "Our capital is full of nosy people, and you are lonely, helpless and poor", forgetting that he is actually more haggard.
In the fifteenth year of Tianbao, Li Bai came down from Lushan Mountain and took part in the battle for the throne between Wang Yong and Su Zong. After the defeat, he said it was "an empty name, but he was forced to board the ship", but he was coerced and lured, forgetting that he boasted proudly that "I used Xie Anshi of Dongshan to laugh for you" and wrote as many as eleven songs, accusing him of advocating and assisting in the rebellion. Treason is the greatest sin, but only in this kind of trouble can we see the true feelings. Du Fu tried to excuse what others avoided talking about: "After Chu Shi and Mi Fei, Yuan was poor. If the rice beam is not enough, what is the product of coix seed! " It means that Li has been forced by life and has no ambition to beg for a bowl of rice since he came down. "Su Wuyuan is still in the Han Dynasty, and Huang Gong is in the Qin Dynasty?" It is said that Su Wu will return to the Han Dynasty and will not serve Qin Shihuang, and Li Bai will not follow. Even shouted angrily, "Everyone wants to kill people, and I only sympathize." It is my good fortune to have such a fair-weather friend.
Li Bai was found guilty and exiled Yelang. In Wushan, he was pardoned and released. Du Fu only knew that he was exiled, but he didn't know that he was pardoned. He wanted to dream, so he had three famous poems of 300 Tang poems: Two Dreams of Li Bai and To Li Bai at the End of the Day, and put himself in Li Bai's shoes everywhere. Such intimate works are rare in the history of poetry. Later, I discovered Li Bai's residence and wrote a long poem "Send Li Twelve Whites and Twenty Rhymes", which summarized Li Bai's life experience and was a concrete and implicit biography of Li Bai. We don't know whether Li Bai received this poem, but Du Fu didn't get an answer from Li Bai, but this is certain, because soon after, he wrote "disappeared" because "there was almost no news of Li Bai", and Li Bai might have died at this time. Even after Li Bai's death, Du Fu still recalled his friendship with Li Bai in poems such as Recalling the Past and Farewell, which transcended life and death.
Li Bai is like a prodigal son, at best he is detached and open-minded, at worst he is heartless. He was unfaithful to the king: Emperor Tang Ming treated him well, but when he lost his throne, he wrote ten poems "Going to the Emperor's Westward Journey to Nanjing", which was extremely ironic. Don't worry about your hometown: "Only make the host drunk, I don't know where" ("Guest"). It's good to have wine to drink, no matter where it is; Ruthless to his wife: "When I went out, my wife forced me to take clothes and asked me how long it would take me to go back to the West." If you are wearing a golden seal when you come, don't watch Su Qin get off the plane. "("don't go to the internal affairs ")" I buy ministers with stupid women, and I quit my family and went to Qin "("Nanling doesn't let my son go to Beijing "); For lovers, all I can think about is the disgusting thing of "putting out the candle and undressing when we meet" ("Farewell"). For such a person, we really can't expect him to have any deep feelings for his friends. Such a character, it is difficult to leave many works that meet his genius. Therefore, Shi Li should read only those famous poems. If he is unfortunate enough to read the complete works, he will be more and more disappointed. Because of her disappointment, Gong Zizhen asserted that only 100 of Li's existing poems were true, and the rest were forged. Those flashy and ethereal poems of "ten sentences and nine sentences concentrating on women's wine" (Wang Anshi's language) are indeed imitated by others without relying on too white talents.
Du Fu is the seed of affection. Similarly, Li Bai sneered at the down-and-out Tang Dynasty, but Du Fu expressed deep sympathy: "The palace on the shore is sealed with thousands of doors, and the willows are new rushes. Who are you green for?" ? ""Compassionate people shed tears and hope that she can be as eternal as rivers and flowers! "(Ai Jiangtou) For the fallen prince and grandson and the suffering people (such as the separation of three officials and three things), even strangers, they all hold the benevolent feelings of" if people are hungry, they will be hungry, and if people drown, they will drown themselves ". Naturally, we all love our wives, children, brothers and sisters, and relatives and friends. The most painful time is just like in Seven Songs in the Same Valley. The seniors know that he never forgets his husband at every meal, but they don't know that he never forgets his relatives, friends, people and even things at every meal. Listen to him say "Go to the hall to swallow, and have a blind date with a gull in the water" (Jiangcun) and "Stop counting birds and swallow new nests frequently" (Cheng Tang), and then read his book Iron. The so-called loyalty to the monarch and patriotism is just the logical result of loving everything in the world. Liang Qichao appropriately named him "lover saint" Without such an affectionate mind, I could never write such a depressed and frustrated work. Most of the 1,400 poems written by Du Fu are the products of heartfelt blood and tears. Every capital is a part of Lao Du's life, which others can't do and can't imitate. "It's useless to care about poetry in medicine, but it's too expensive to spend" ("Rewarding the Fifteen Judges of Guo"). There is no other person in history who writes poetry and writes this realm of harmony between man and nature. In this respect, Du Fu is the warm sun in poetry, and Li Bai is Leng Yue.
Fang zhouzi
In the third year of Tianbao (A.D. 744), Li Bai returned to Dongdulo from Chang 'an with a gift from Emperor Tang Ming.
Yang was forty-four years old. Du Fu, 33, has been traveling abroad since he failed in the exam ten years ago.
Just then, I wandered to Luoyang. The encounter between these two great poets is the most exciting in the history of China literature.
Perhaps that touching moment can only be compared with the encounter between Laozi and Confucius. But Lao Kong's meeting is just history.
According to legend, Du Li's meeting is clearly recorded in history: "Fu Shao is as famous as Li Bai, and his time number is Du Li. Taste from white to high.
When I was in Bianzhou, I was drunk, bold and nostalgic, and unpredictable. This passage in the biography of Du Fu in the New Tang Dynasty.
In fact, this sentence is copied from Du Fu's poem "Farewell": "Yesterday and Daigaoli are on the wine stove. Two great men and strong seaweed thought.
I am full of color. When you are full of enthusiasm, you can look back and watch the dull. "What we know about Du Li now,
They are all from Du Fu's poems, which are called "the history of poetry".
Wen Yiduo once compared this encounter to the collision between the sun and the moon. So who is the sun and who is the moon?
Where's the light? At this time, although Li Bai has lost his throne as a royal poet, he is still a poet laureate.
Poetry is famous all over the world and is in full swing. Du Fu, however, just made his debut not long ago, and his poems are unnamed. "New Tang Book" says that he has.
Being on an equal footing with Li Bai is completely inaccurate. Du Li enjoyed the same reputation, which happened after Du Fu's death. Young Du Fu can use this.
It is conceivable that celebrities are flattered by their friendship. Li Bai's appearance is probably a little sage like type.
Therefore, Du Fu's first impression of him, like him, was shocked to be immortal, and he also learned to seek immortality and visit the Tao.
, "picking Yao grass in the same period" ("Give Li Bai"). In autumn, they wandered on the beam with Gao Shi.
Song. In the second year, Gao Shi traveled south to Chu, traveling with Qi and Lu. "Yu Yidong guest, Liu Jun (Li
White) Like brothers. Drunk sleep autumn quilt, hand in hand with Japanese counterparts. "("seeking fan ten seclusion and Li twelve ").
Intimacy, if put today, is suspected of homosexuality. In autumn, Du Fuxi went to Chang 'an for fame.
Li Nanyou, one settled down and became a "spring tree in Weibei", and the other wandered like a "sunset in Jiangdong"
"(Remembering Li Bai in Spring), the two never met again.
Of Li's 1000 poems, only four are related to Du Fu. Among them, "Play for Du Fu" is not concentrated.
Judging from the content and text, it must be false. Autumn Lu Yao Temple Pavilion Banquet.
It is also doubtful whether Du Fu was a "vacancy-filling" in the novel (Du Fu had no official position at that time, nor was he a "vacancy-filling".
), so you can be sure that there are actually only two songs.
Du Li traveled with Qilu, and Li Bai stayed in Dune City, Shandong Province, and wrote a poem "Dune at the Gate to Send Du Fu":
"What am I doing here? A city of sand dunes with high terrain. There are ancient trees on the edge of the city, and autumn sounds ring day and night. Lu wine is not drunk, let's sing together.
Empty feelings. If you think of a gentleman, you will send him to the south. "
Writing the last sentence is to express our thoughts, but if we read more poems by Li:
"Oh, go and ask this east-flowing river if it can go further than the love of friends!" Peach Blossom Pond is deeper than thousands of feet, but not as good as Wang Lun.
"Sailing alone is the end of the sky, only the Yangtze River flows in the sky", "Yun Fan does not meet in the distance, and the Yangtze River flows at dusk.
",you will find that" thinking of you like water "is just a routine used by Li Bai to give poems, and anyone can use it.
Coming here at hand, I miss it so much, just like "The seas run dry and the rocks crumble" and "The vows of eternal love".
, I became a bitch.
Another is Li Bai's perfunctory farewell when Du Fuxi went to Chang 'an:
"Drunk don't a few days later, boarded the pool. When will Shimen Road open again? Eyes rested on Surabaya, the color of the sea.
Come tomorrow. Flying over the eaves and walking on the wall, looking at each other from afar, the cup is in hand. "("Lu Jundong sent Du Fu to Shimen ")
In the face of parting, all he remembers is wine and wine, one cup after another, and then after drinking this cup.
Other than that, there is no other meaning. Guo Moruo advocated that "the stone gate opens and there is a golden urn", that is, Du.
For example, as mentioned in "Remembering Li Bai in Spring", "When drinking a bottle of wine, pay more attention to fine paper"; But Du Fu emphasized "essence"
Paper "and" a bottle of wine "are just seasoning, while Li Bai drinks for wine. Why not mention others? Original du
In his mind, he is just a fair-weather friend. Sure enough, after leaving, Li Bai released Du Fu.
After that, I completely forgot. Du Fu was never mentioned in his later poems.
On the contrary, Du Fu's memory of this friendship, which lasted only over a year, is eternal. There are 1,400 in existence.
Among Du Fu's poems, there are about 20 poems related to Li Bai, of which 10 is directly given to Li Bai and in memory of him.
, mainly after Du Li broke up. These are painstaking and sincere masterpieces. In these poems, there are
Li Bai's lingering thoughts: "I want to the end alone", "Until you came to me in my dream last night, because I have been thinking about you", and even "
I have been dreaming of you for three nights, as gentle, intimate and real as when I was awake. "; There is a specific evaluation of Shi Li: "Qing Xin Yu Kaifu, Jun Yibao joined the army. "
","Hou Li has a good word, often like a pit ","The pen scares the wind and rain, and the poem makes the gods cry "; Yes, Li Baicheng.
What is admired is: "Bai Ye's poems are invincible, floating in the air and thinking of no group", "fame for a thousand years, fame for ten thousand years, what's good, when you die, it's gone",
Although his poetic art at this time has actually surpassed Li Bai; There are regrets about Li Bai's unfortunate birth and talent.
Pity and sympathy: "A poet should be careful to prosper, but the devil can trouble a vagrant", "Our capital is full of nosy people, and you are lonely, helpless and poor", I have no idea at all.
Forgetting that you are actually more haggard.
In the fifteenth year of Tianbao, Li Bai went down to Lushan Mountain and took part in Wang Yong's anti-Suzong movement.
After the defeat, he said that he was "forced to board the ship in an empty name", but he was coerced and forgot that he was proud of the ocean.
In a foreign land, he praised "Dong Yue Xie Anshi, who used to laugh at Jinghu Sand for the monarch" and wrote eleven songs of Wang Yong Dong Xunge.
There is nothing wrong with accusing him of advocating and assisting the rebellion. Rebellion is the biggest crime, but it is only
Only in this predicament can we see the true feelings, and others avoid them, but Du Fu tries his best to excuse them:
"After Chu Shi and Mi Fei, Zhu Sheng's Yuan Xian was poor. If the rice beam is not enough, what is the product of coix seed! " It means that Li Bai has gone down the mountain forever.
Wang is forced by life, begging for a bowl of rice, without any ambition; "Is Su Wuyuan Korea, Huang Gong or Qin?
? "It is said that Su Wu didn't serve Qin Shihuang if he wanted to return to Han, and Li Bai didn't want to chase him.
Wang Suiyong; Even shouted angrily, "Everyone wants to kill people, and I only sympathize." Can have such a "wine and meat"
Friends is a blessing from III.
Li Bai was found guilty and exiled Yelang. In Wushan, he was pardoned and released. Du Fu only knew that he was exiled, but he didn't know it.
He was forgiven and never heard from again. He wanted to make his dream come true, so he won three masterpieces of "300 Tang poems"
Two Dreams Li Bai and Zhi Li Bai put themselves in Li Bai's shoes at the end of the day.
Such intimate works are rare in the history of poetry. Later, I discovered Li Bai's residence and wrote a long poem "Send Li"
Twelve Whites and Twenty Rhymes summarizes Li Bai's life experience and is a concrete and exquisite biography of Li Bai.
We don't know whether Li Bai received this poem, but what is certain is that Du Fu didn't get the answer from Li Bai.
Because not long after, he did "disappear" because of "no news of Li Bai", and Li Bai may have died at this time.
Yes Even after Li Bai's death, Du Fu still recalled his relationship with Li Bai in two poems: Past Tense and Farewell.
Friendship, this kind of friendship, transcends life and death.
Li Bai is like a prodigal son, at best he is detached and open-minded, at worst he is heartless. He is right about you.
Wang is unfaithful: Emperor Tang Ming treated him well, but when he lost the throne, he "went up".
Ten "The Emperor's Journey to Nanjing" are very ironic; Don't worry about your hometown: "but get the host drunk,
I don't know where a foreign land is "("Guest Works "), it is good to have wine to drink, no matter where it is; Ruthless to his wife: "
When I went out, my wife grabbed my clothes and asked me how long it would take to go back to the west. If you come with the golden seal, don't watch Su Qin get off the plane. "(《
"I don't want to go to the internal affairs"), "I take a foolish woman lightly to buy a minister, and I leave my hometown and go west to Qin" ("Nanling children don't go to Beijing")
; For lovers, all I can think about is the disgusting thing of "putting out the candle and undressing when we meet" ("Farewell"). correct
We really can't expect such people to have any deep feelings for their friends. It's also good to have such a character.
It is difficult to leave many works comparable to his genius. Therefore, Shi Li should only read those famous poems, if he is unfortunate enough to hold them.
If you read all the works, you will inevitably be more disappointed. Gong Zizhen was disappointed, and asserted that there were only existing Li poems.
More than a hundred songs are true, and the others are all forgeries. Those "ten sentences and nine sentences focus on women and wine" (Wang Anshi
Words) flashy, empty poems, made by others, imitated, not by white.
High talent.
Du Fu is the seed of affection. Similarly, Li Bai sneered at Tang Huangming, who was down and out, but Du Fu turned his nose up.
I am deeply sympathetic: "The palace on the shore is sealed with thousands of doors, and the willows are new rushes. Who are you green for?" ? ""People, compassionate and tearful,
She is as eternal as a river and a flower! "(Mourning for the Head) is dedicated to the fallen prince ("Mourning for the King's Sun ") and the suffering people.
(such as the separation of three officials and three officials), even strangers hold the benevolent feelings of "if people are hungry, they will be themselves, and if people drown, they will be themselves"
For wives, children, brothers and sisters, relatives and friends, falling in love is naturally the most painful thing.
For example, there are two songs in Seven Poems in the Same Valley, Brothers in the Distance and Sisters in the Bell, and the true feelings are very natural.
This revelation can really make God cry. The predecessors knew that he "never forgot the gentleman at every meal", but they didn't know that he never forgot his relatives at every meal.
Don't forget friends, people, or even things. Listen to him say, "Go, eat in class, and have a blind date with seagulls in the water."
"("Jiangcun ")" Stop the birds for a while and talk about the new nest of Yan frequently "("Tang Cheng "). Read it again.
His Catching Chicken, Walking Stork, Watching Fisherman's Song and Watching Fisherman's Song are of great significance to plants, fish and insects.
The love of birds and animals is vivid on the paper, so it is not difficult to understand why Qiu said that he "loves things more than the same thing"
. The so-called loyalty to the monarch and patriotism is just the logical result of loving everything in the world. Liang Qichao called him "lover saint"
",just right. Without such an affectionate mind, I could never write such a depressed and frustrated work. 1.4 thousand
Du Fu's first poems are mostly the products of blood and tears from the heart. Every capital is a part of Lao Du's life. Don't.
People can't do it or imitate it. "It's useless to care about poetry in medicine, but it's not enough to spend" ("Rewarding Judge Guo Fifteen")
"), writing poetry to write this realm of harmony between man and nature, there is no second person in history. In this regard, Du
Fu is warm in the poem, while Li Bai is cold in the moon.