Introduction to the work:
Yuefu in the Han Dynasty was originally an official position in charge of music in ancient times. There was a "Yuefu Order" in the Qin Dynasty and the Western Han Dynasty. The Yuefu in the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was large in scale, and its function was to take charge of the music used in the court and collect folk songs and music. After Wei and Jin Dynasties, all poems sung by Yuefu organs in Han Dynasty were called Yuefu poems.
The basic principle of Han Yuefu's creation is "feeling sad and happy, starting from things" (Art History and Literature awarded by Han Dynasty). It inherits the fine tradition of realism in The Book of Songs and reflects the social reality of Han Dynasty extensively and profoundly. The most outstanding artistic achievement of Han Yuefu lies in its narrative. Secondly, he is good at selecting typical details and expressing his character through his words and deeds. Its forms are five-character, seven-character and miscellaneous words, and it is particularly noteworthy that a number of mature five-character poems have been produced in Han Yuefu. The vast majority of Yuefu poems handed down from the Han Dynasty have been included in Yuefu poems compiled by Guo Maoqian, a Song Dynasty poet.
Original text:
The trees in the garden are lush, and the crystal dew rises in the sun.
Spring fills the earth with hope, and everything presents a scene of prosperity.
I am always afraid that when the cold autumn comes, the trees in Ye Er will turn yellow and the grass will wither.
The river runs to the sea, and when will it return to the west?
A lazy youth, a lousy age.
Precautions:
This poem is selected from Han Yuefu. Yuefu is a royal musical organ established since the Qin Dynasty. During the period of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, a large number of poems were collected from the people, which were rich in content and wide in subject matter. This poem is one of them.
Long song line: the name of the Han Yuefu tune. Sunflower: an ancient vegetable. X: I did it. Yangchun: It's spring, with plenty of sunshine and abundant dew. B: spread and spread. Deze: Enze. Autumn Festival: Autumn. Festivals, seasons, festivals. Yellow: yellow. Flower: the same as "flower". Decline: For rhyme, it can be read as archaic. Hundreds of rivers: countless rivers. Sichuan, rivers. Acts 23: In vain, useless.
Today's translation:
Sunflowers in the garden are lush and soaring in the crystal morning sun.
Spring scatters hope all over the earth, and everything shows prosperity.
I am always afraid that the cold autumn will come, the leaves will turn yellow and the grass will wither.
When can a hundred rivers run to the sea and return to the west?
If young people don't work hard in time, they will only regret it for a lifetime when they are old.
Appreciate:
This poem begins with "Sunflowers in the Garden", and then the water flows to the sea and never returns, indicating that time is like running water and never returns. Finally, we should persuade people to cherish their youth and work hard, and don't wait until they are old to regret it. This poem uses things to express meaning. First, it uses the sunflower in the garden as a metaphor. "Green" means it is flourishing. In fact, under the sunshine and rain in the whole spring, everything is scrambling to grow. Why is this happening? Because they are all afraid that autumn is coming, they all know that autumn wind will wither a hundred herbs. The rhythm of life in nature is like this, and so is life? If a person doesn't work hard when he is in a good time, it will be too late to regret when he is old. This poem thinks that life is fleeting from the beautiful scenery of youth in front of us, and encourages young people to cherish time, make warnings and inspire people to forge ahead.
Brief comments:
This is a famous Yuefu poem in Han Dynasty. The poem uses a series of metaphors to show that we should cherish time and work hard as soon as possible. The first four sentences of this poem paint us a beautiful spring scene. There are dewdrops on the green sunflowers in the garden. After sunrise, the dew dried and the sunflowers were bathed in the sun. Everything in the world is blessed by the rain and dew of nature in spring, shining with unparalleled brilliance. However, when autumn comes, they will lose their bright luster, turn yellow and fade. Everything has ups and downs, and people also have a process from adolescence to old age. Time is like the water of a big river, which flows eastward into the sea and never returns. If you don't cherish time and work hard when you are young, you will only be sad when you are old!
2. Ambition-Wang Ji
Wang Ji
Gaodong ① Twilight, Depend on ② What you want!
Trees are all autumn colors, and mountains are only sparkling.
The shepherd brought the calf back, hunted horses and brought birds back.
Care for no acquaintances, Long song (3) huai.
To annotate ...
①: High, water town. Wang Ji called the place where he farmed and traveled in his hometown Gaodong. At dusk, when the sun goes down.
(2) Relocation: Still hesitating.
③ Long song sentence: Wei, a fern, whose young leaves are edible. Or take this sentence as poetry, which is related to the fragment of "picking Wei" in The Book of Songs. Long song expressed his anguish. I still miss Boyi and Shu Qi for this poetic sentence, that is, Long song's Song of Picking Wei. Judging from the author's mentality and the context of the whole poem, the former solution is more appropriate.
Comment and analysis
This poem "Shan Ye and autumn scenery" is one of Wang Zhen's representative works. It is full of affection, simplicity, freshness, fluency and naturalness in the scenery, trying to correct the shortcomings of Qi Liang's flashy and gorgeous.
The first couplet is both narrative and lyrical, and the next six sentences are always carried. The first sentence casts a thin twilight on the "looking" middle scene of the middle two couplets; The second sentence is called the last sentence; Make the whole poem shrouded in faint sadness. The lower jaw couplet is about autumn scenery in the dusk, knowing each other, mountains and trees, a piece of autumn color, a touch of light. Depression and silence aroused the poet's sense of helplessness. Neck couplets describe the moving scenery of Akita, with mountains, trees, autumn colors and twilight as the background, showing the picture of "shepherds driving calves back, hunting horses and bringing birds back". This is a typical scene at dusk in autumn in Shan Ye. Since it is "return" and "return", its dynamics from far to near are also faintly visible. If these shepherds and hunters are old acquaintances, they can talk and laugh with them (the migration of Tao Qian). However, this is not the case, which leads to the ending of the couplet: "I have no acquaintance", and I can only use Long song to express my distress. Wang Ji worships Tao Qian, but he doesn't get comfort from rural life like Tao Qian, so his pastoral poems sometimes show hesitation and disappointment.
This poem washed away the habit of carving in the Southern Dynasties, but developed a new martial art form that was gradually legalized since the Southern Qi Yongming. It is already a relatively mature five laws, which have a great influence on the form of modern poetry.
Appreciation of poetry and prose:
Shan Ye's "Wang Ye" and "autumn scenery" are Wang Ji's representative works, which are somewhat hesitant and melancholy in a leisurely mood.
"I hope I will look forward to it and I will rely on it." Gao is a water town. Gaodong refers to a place in Longmen, Jiangzhou, his hometown. After retirement, he often traveled to Beishan and Gaodong, calling himself "Donggaozi". "Depend" means wandering. "What do you want?" In Cao Cao's "Short Songs", the meaning of "the moon stars are scarce, blackbirds fly south, and there are no branches to lean on" shows the feeling of boredom and hesitation.
The following four sentences describe the scenery seen at dusk: "All trees are in autumn, only the hills and mountains are bright. The shepherd brought the calf back, hunted the horse and brought the bird back. " Looking around, it is autumn everywhere, and it is more and more bleak in the afterglow of the sunset. On this quiet background, the close-ups of shepherds and hunting horses, with an idyllic pastoral atmosphere, enliven the whole picture. These four poems are like a picture of Shan Jutu on an autumn night. Light and color, long-range and close-range, static and dynamic match well.
However, Wang Ji could not find comfort from the countryside like Tao Yuanming, so he finally said, "I don't know each other, and Long song loves Wei." He said that he was lonely in reality, so he wanted to make friends with people like Boyi and Shu Qi.
People who are familiar with Tang poetry may not find this poem particularly beneficial. However, if we read this poem by Song, Qi, Liang and Chen in the Southern Dynasties in the order of poetic history, we will suddenly applaud its simplicity. The poetic style of the Southern Dynasties is mostly gorgeous, like a jewel-like lady wrapped in satin. Walking out of the women's group, I suddenly met a village girl with a cloth skirt. Without makeup, there will be a special charm. Ji Wang's ambition has such a simple advantage.
The genre of this poem is five-character verse. Since Shen Yue and others applied legal knowledge to poetry creation in the first year of Qiyong in the Southern Dynasties, this new genre of legal poetry has been brewing. In the early Tang Dynasty, Shen Quanqi's and Song's regular poems became an important poetic genre. Wang Ji, more than 60 years earlier than Shen and Song, can write such a mature poem as Wild Hope, which shows that he is a man who dares to try new forms. The beginning and end of this poem are lyrical, and the middle is lyrical. After the repetition of emotion-scene-emotion, the meaning of poetry has deepened. This is in line with a basic composition of metrical poetry.
Brief introduction of Wang Ji:
Wang Ji (585-644), whose name was Dong Gaozi, was reactive. Jiangzhou Longmen (now Hejin, Shanxi) people.
In order to celebrate people's birthdays and revel in wine, most poems take wine as the theme to express their dissatisfaction with reality and occasionally reveal negative thoughts. Gao Dong has a subset.
There is a mind on the Early Cold River.
Author: Meng Haoran
The south is a wilderness, because leaves are falling, and the wind from the north makes the water cold.
My home is wandering by the river, and the sea of clouds is far away.
Tears of homesickness in the journey, see the back of the sail on the horizon.
The smoke in the wind blurs where the ferry can be, and the vast river ripples in the sunset.
Precautions:
1, my sentence: Meng Haoran lives in Xiangyang, which is a song of water, so it is a cloud. Xiangshui: Also known as Xianghe, Hanshui River is in the lower section of Xiangfan City, and the water flow is tortuous, so the clouds are winding and comfortable.
2. Remote sentence: refers to homesickness far away from the clouds. Chu: Xiangyang belonged to the State of Chu in ancient times.
3. Maze sentence: The Analects of Confucius Weizi recorded that Confucius lived a long and boring life, but he was cynical about both. Here, I sigh that I am wandering and frustrated, just like a maze. Tianjin: Ferry.
4. Flat sea: refers to the height and width of the water surface. In ancient times, this river was also called the sea.
Rhyme translation:
Flowers and trees wither, and geese fly south.
The north wind is blowing, and a river is cold in spring.
My hometown is Naluxing Mountain, and the cottage is in perfume bay.
Looking at the distant Chu land, Chu land is vast in the clouds.
The tears of homesickness have run out, and the life of the tourists is so bitter.
The lonely sail is far away, and the scene is ugly.
I want to ask someone, where is the lost ferry?
I can't see anything at dusk, only the river and the sea are endless.
Comments:
This is a lyric poem about homesickness. Began in prosperity, borrowed Hongyan to fly south, and made guests homesick. I saw the distant solitary sail in the middle, thought of my own disappointment, and finally wrote the stagnation I wanted to return to.
The whole poem has complicated emotions. The poet envies rural life and intends to retire, but he also wants to ask officials to do things in order to make a big difference. This contradiction constitutes the content of this poem.
Looking at Dongting Lake from afar —— addressed to Premier Zhang
In August, the Dongting Lake is boundless, water and sky are the same color, which is connected with space.
The autumn water rises and almost blends with the shore, mixing water and sky with the sky.
Yunmeng Erze's water vapor transpiration is in vain, and the stormy waves seem to shake Yueyang City.
Ozawa's water vapor transpiration on the cloud soil is white, and the waves seem to shake the whole Yueyang.
I want to cross the river, but I can't find a boat or paddle. It's really shameful to idle around in an enlightened age.
I'm going to cross the water to find a boat and paddle. It's a shame to return home in the sacred age.
Sitting by the river watching others fish hard, you can only envy others for their success in fishing.
Sitting around watching other people's hard river fishing can only envy the fish caught in the fish.
3. Yellow Crane Tower
Author: Cui Hao
The fairy of the past has flown away by the yellow crane, leaving only an empty Yellow Crane Tower.
The yellow crane never revisited earth, there have been no long white clouds for thousands of years.
Every tree in Hanyang has become clear due to sunlight, and Nautilus Island is covered with sweet grass.
But I looked at my hometown, and the twilight was getting thicker, and the mist of sadness was filled on the river waves.
Precautions:
1, Yellow Crane Tower: The former site is in Wuchang County, Hubei Province. It was burned in the early years of the Republic of China. It is said that there was a man named Wen Fei in ancient times. about
Fairy, take a crane to ascend to immortality here. Some people think that the past is blowing in the wind.
2, leisurely: the meaning of a long time.
3, vivid: clear and distinct.
4. Nautilus Island: It is in the southwest of Wuchang County, Hubei Province. According to the records of the later Han Dynasty, Zu Ren was here when he was the satrap of Jiangxia.
Among the banquet guests, some people presented parrots, so some people called it Parrot Island.
Rhyme translation:
The legendary fairy flew over the yellow crane long ago,
There is only the empty Yellow Crane Tower left in this place.
The flying yellow crane will never come back,
Only the long white clouds will last for thousands of years.
The green trees in Qingchuan Pavilion in Hanyang are vivid.
The grass on Nautilus Island grows thick and thick.
I don't know where my hometown is at dusk
Facing the foggy river, it is worrying!
Comments:
This poem is a masterpiece of nostalgia. The poet climbed the historic site Yellow Crane Tower and enjoyed the scenery in front of him.
Poetry is a masterpiece, blurt it out, and it pours thousands of miles. It is both natural and magnificent, full of personality. Poetry is not harmonious, but the syllables are clear.
Bright but not clumsy. It's really one step at a time, and it has become a treasure admired by all previous dynasties. Legend has it that Li Bai boarded this building,
This poem left a deep impression on me. He said: "There is a scene in front of me, with Cui Hao's poems on it." Yan Canglang also said that the Tang Dynasty
Seven-character verse should be the first. It shows that poetry is precious to nature, even if it is metrical.
Send away a friend
Lipper
Green mountains are located on the north side of the city wall, and the sparkling water surrounds the east of the city.
Here we say goodbye to each other, and you, like losing your father, are floating in the wind and traveling far away.
Floating clouds are like wanderers, like wandering, and the sunset slowly goes down the mountain, which seems to be nostalgic.
With a wave of his hand, he will be separated from now on, and his friend on horseback will carry him on a long journey, blowing a long wind, as if reluctant to leave.
Interpretation of poetry
Qingshan stands on the north side of the city wall, and the bright white river surrounds the east side of the city wall. We are about to break up here, and you will set foot on the journey of Wan Li like a lonely grass. White clouds are fluttering in the air, which seems to be your mood. The sun that is about to set cannot bear to sink, and it is also like my attachment to you. We waved goodbye and parted ways. The two horses seem to understand their master's feelings and are reluctant to leave their companions.
words explanation
Guo: Outer city.
Z: Here you are.
Rustle: The neighing of horses.
Appreciation of poetry and prose
This farewell poem blends scenes and sounds. "I will think of you in the clouds, just like thinking of me in the sunset. The second sentence, expressing the deep feelings of parting with neat duality, is particularly intriguing. Qiu, a poet in A Qing, once said, "Taibai's poem' I miss you in the clouds, and the sunset clouds miss me'. "This is of great significance to the scenery. In fact, although Li Bai's poem is a common farewell poem, its meaning is lingering, its language is close to emotion, and it has overtones, which makes people fascinated to read. The language of the whole poem is naturally simple, not exaggerated and unique.
5. < Autumn Ci > Two Poems
Yuxi Liu Tang
In China ancient literature, "autumn" and "sorrow" are often equated. This poem about autumn is lively and lively, which shows the poet's positive and optimistic mood. The first two sentences are arguments, which directly express the view that autumn is better than spring. The last two sentences, the image of a white crane in a clear sky, vividly express the poet's heroic optimism.
Since ancient times, I feel sad and lonely every autumn. I think autumn is more than spring.
There is no one in the clear sky in Wan Li, and a crane, Ling Yunfei, has aroused my meditation on the blue sky.
The mountains and rivers are clear and frosty at night, and several trees are deep red and light yellow.
Trying to get under a tall building is as crazy as spring.
The value of these two poems lies in the poet's unique feelings about autumn and autumn colors, and they sing high-spirited and inspirational songs, which is contrary to the tradition of literati's mourning for autumn in the past.
The poet deeply understands that the essence of sorrowful autumn in ancient times is that people with lofty ideals are frustrated, disappointed with reality and pessimistic about the future, so they only see the depression in autumn and feel lonely and lifeless. The poet sympathizes with their experience and situation, but disagrees with their pessimism and disappointment. In response to this feeling of loneliness, he said that autumn is better than the spring when all things sprout and flourish, emphasizing that autumn is not lifeless, but very lively. He guided people to see cranes flying high. In the clear autumn sky, the clouds are straight, vigorous and powerful, and there is much to be done. Obviously, this crane is unique and lonely. But it is the tenacious struggle of this crane that broke through the cold breath of autumn, created a new scene for nature, and filled people with lofty ideals with vitality. This crane is the embodiment of indomitable spirit and struggling spirit. Therefore, the poet said, "Then bring poetry to Bixiao". "Poetry expresses ambition" and "poetic sentiment" is ambition. If people are really ambitious, they will have the spirit of struggle and will not feel lonely. This is the theme of the first song.
These two poems have the same theme, but they are written separately, which can be independent or complementary. One praises autumn and the other praises autumn. Qi is inspirational, color is emotional. Therefore, praise autumn for beauty and ambition, praise autumn for innocence. Scenery moves with people, and color changes with feelings. Scenery is like makeup, temperament and morality. Spring is glorious, and autumn is good character. The first two sentences of the second song describe the scenery in autumn. The poet just outlines its true colors and shows its characteristics. It is bright and innocent, red and yellow, with a slight color, showing an elegant and leisurely charm. Ling Ran is like a gentleman, which is admirable. If you don't believe me, try to look up at the stairs, and you will feel clear, clear-headed and affectionate, instead of being frivolous and crazy like bright spring and colorful. The last sentence contrasts the theme of the poem with the reverse proportion of "crazy spring scenery", pointing out that the whole poem coincides with personification, vivid and ingenious.
These are two impromptu poems expressing opinions. Poets express profound thoughts through distinctive artistic images, which have both philosophical implications and artistic charm, making people think deeply and enduring. Balzac, a great French writer, said that art is the crystallization of ideas. "A work of art is an amazing concentration of the largest amount of ideas with the smallest area", which can arouse people's imagination, image power and profound aesthetic feeling. Liu Yuxi's two autumn poems not only give people the vitality and plain color of autumn, but also awaken people's heroism and noble sentiment in fighting for their ideals and gain profound aesthetic feeling and fun.
6. Lushan tourism
mei yao chen
In the early morning, the rolling Lushan Mountain, with thousands of peaks competing and beautiful, is spectacular, which just caters to my interest in natural scenery.
Along the way, the mountain range in front of me is constantly changing, and a person is immersed in the winding and deep wild road, but forgets where to go.
The sun rises, the snow melts, the mountains look more silent and empty, the silly bear is slowly climbing the tree, and the deer is leisurely sipping the stream.
Where is he? There are chickens outside the cloud.
[Notes]
Lushan: In Lushan County, Henan Province today.
2 Right: Just right. Crazy Love: Love for Shan Ye. Just: I am satisfied.
(3) Change everywhere: refers to the change of mountain peaks with visual angle.
4 secluded path: path.
⑤ Bears climb trees: Bears climb trees.
⑥ Why: Where, where.
In late autumn, a poet was traveling in Lushan Mountain, where the first frost appeared. There were no other pedestrians on the mountain road, but the poet was in high spirits, admiring all kinds of peaks while he was on his way. There seems to be crying outside the cloud, telling the poet that his home is still far away.
Make an appreciative comment
This is Mei's famous landscape painting, which was written in the first year of Kangding (1040) when he was appointed as the commander of Xiangcheng County.
Ouyang Xiu's Poems on June 1 recorded that Mei said: "Although poets express their ideas, it is also difficult to create words. If he expresses his intention in a new language, if he gains something that no one has said before, then he is good. It is bound to be difficult to write. For example, at present, opinions are endless, and then it is the best. " "Difficult scenery as it is now" can be used to evaluate the kindness and vividness of this poem.
7. Huanxisha
Su Shi
At the foot of the mountain, the blue buds are short dipped in the stream, the sand road between the pines is clean and mud-free, and the rain gauge cries at dusk.
Who says life can't go back to adolescence? The water in front of the door can still flow west, so don't sing yellow chicken with white hair.
translate
At the foot of the mountain, the blue grass shoots at the stream.
There is no sand and soil in the path between pine trees.
In the evening drizzle, the cuckoo burst into tears.
Who says you can't be young when you are old?
The running water in front of the door can still rush to the west persistently!
Don't worry about sighing white hair and singing yellow chicken. Su Shi of Huanxisha in Northern Song Dynasty
The buds just growing at the foot of the mountain are soaked in the stream, and the sand road between the pine trees is washed away by the rain. In the evening, the rain began to trickle down, and cuckoo calls came from the pine forest. (Write a vibrant scene)
Who says life can't go back to adolescence? The water in front of the door can also flow west! Don't bemoan the passage of old age! (Express the feeling of positive progress)
Subject: From the perspective of buds and streams, I understand that life should be positive and enterprising, which shows the author's broad-minded, optimistic and enterprising attitude towards life. )
Note: ① Sub-regulation: cuckoo; ② Yellow Chicken: In Bai Juyi's poem, there is the phrase "Yellow Chicken urges the morning" to lament that life is getting old.
When evaluating this word, some ancient people thought that "the flowing water in front of the door can still flow westward" was philosophical and used very skillfully. Do you agree with this view? Why? Please enjoy the whole word briefly.
A: I agree. Orchid bud creek, sand road without mud, cuckoo's cry came from the rustling dusk rain, the author came to a place far away from the world, as clean as washing. The "stream flowing west" here gives the author great enlightenment: if the water can still flow west, can't life be young again? This reflects the negative and pessimistic attitude of the author who is not old. Through this philosophical sentence, the whole poem embodies the author's optimistic spirit.
Su Shi's "Lanya Short Immersion in the Creek under the Huanxisha Mountain": The sentence that expresses feelings and shows that the author is trying to cheer up despite difficulties is: Who said that life is endless? The water in front of the door can also flow west! Don't bemoan the passage of old age!
8. 1 1 April 4th is a stormy day.
Lu you
I don't feel sorry for myself in a remote village.
Think about the country.
Lying at night listening to the wind and rain,
Iron horse glacier dream.
I lay flat in the lonely and desolate country and didn't feel sad.
Still thinking about defending the country.
Late at night, I was lying in bed and heard the sound of wind and rain.
I dreamt in a daze that I rode an armored horse across the frozen river and went to the northern battlefield.
Stiff lying ① Lonely village without self-pity, thinking of protecting the country ②.
Lying in the middle of the night, listening to the wind and rain, iron horses, glaciers and dreams.
[Notes]
① jiāng prone position: upright prone position. ② Guard the wheel platform: guard the edge (jiāng). Luntai, a place name of the Western Regions in Han Dynasty, is now located in luntai county, Xinjiang. Here generally refers to the frontier defense stronghold in the north. ③ midnight (lán): late at night. 4 iron horse: a war horse in armor.
[Appreciation]
This is a patriotic poem written by Lu You, who is nearly seventy years old, lying in a cold quilt on a stormy cold night, supporting his aging body.
The first two sentences of this poem directly express the poet's own feelings. "Sleeping stiff" tells the poet's old feelings, while "lonely village" shows a state of isolation, which is extremely "stiff" and "lonely". Why not "feel sorry for yourself"? Because the poet's passion for patriotism has reached the level of selflessness, he no longer pays attention to personal health and living environment, but has the spirit of "thinking for the country and guarding the wheel platform". However, he doesn't know that the reality is cruel and independent of human will. All he can do is "think". These two sentences focus on the word "thinking", which shows the poet's unswerving ambition to serve the country and his concern for the country and the people!
The last two sentences are the deepening of the first two sentences, which are vividly written around the word "dream" The poet's concern for national affairs led to the dream of a military campaign, which reappeared his ambition of "guarding the wheel platform" in the form of a dream. Dreaming reflects the sadness of political reality: the poet's desire to serve the country was rejected, and he could not kill the enemy. His feelings of protecting the enemy could only be reflected in his dreams. However, the poet "has no self-pity", but his heart of serving the country and killing the enemy is even stronger. I think about it every day and dream every night. Therefore, the dream of "Tiema Glacier" fully shows the poet's strong patriotic thoughts and feelings.
Send another one!
(1), plug-the ancient song title. Most of these works describe frontier scenery and war life.
(2) the wind-suddenly blown by the wind.
Bow-bow, bow, including archery.
(4) Pingming-just before dawn.
⑤ White feather-the white feather behind the shaft, which refers to the arrow here.
6. No fall, that is, drilling.
⑦ Stone edge-the corner of the stone.
This frontier poem describes a general who killed a tiger. It is based on the biography of General Li written by Sima Qian, a scholar in the Western Han Dynasty, and records the deeds of the famous Li Guang at that time. The original text is: "When you went hunting widely, you saw a stone in the grass, thinking it was shooting tigers, and the stone in the middle (zhòng) had no arrow. You see, it is also a stone. "
The first two sentences of the poem describe what happened: in the middle of the night, the forest was dark, and suddenly the wind was blowing hard, and the grass was undulating by Joe; The frogman was in a trance when he landed, and a white tiger came at him. At this moment, the general is flying through the forest. He is quick-sighted and quick-handed, and he draws a bow and shoots arrows. ...
As a result of the last two sentences, the next morning, the general remembered what happened in the forest last night and came to the scene along the original road. He couldn't help being surprised: in the bright morning light, he clearly saw that he had shot a boulder instead of a tiger. Fear crouched there silently, and the white arrow plunged deep into the edge of the crevice! Please note that the place where the arrow enters is not a cave, a gap or a stone surface, but a narrow and sharp stone edge-what a great arm strength and martial arts it requires!
Someone wants to ask, why didn't the general kill the tiger until the next morning? The original story didn't tell me that it was a stone the next day! This is the poet's artistic treatment. First, it can show the general's confidence. It has always been very popular. Are you afraid it won't die or run this time? Second, it can increase the intuition of the image and make people see it more clearly. If you watch it that night, of course, you can find that this is a misunderstanding, but it is difficult to achieve the vivid effect of the current picture.
Poetry pays the most attention to implication and emphasizes the implication. Seeing the description of the arrow hitting the stone in the poem, we naturally associate it with: What would it look like if it was really a tiger? What happens if you shoot enemy soldiers and horses on the battlefield? Thus, the image of a general with high martial arts, bravery and good fighting skills stood in front of our eyes.