1. Qingming Festival: It is a traditional festival in China and one of the most important "sacrifice festivals". It is a day for worshiping ancestors and sweeping tombs. Time is at the turn of mid-spring and late spring, that is, the 108th day after the winter solstice.
2. Willow weeping: refers to the appearance of drooping willow branches. It is intended to describe and show the scene of the Qingming Festival in spring when everything comes to life and the green willows dance.
3. Qianmo: pronounced as qiān mò, it refers to a field path. The vertical one (north-south direction) is called "Qian", and the horizontal one (east-west direction) is called "mo". It is recorded in "Historical Records": Shang Yang "opened roads and closed borders for fields, and the taxes were flat." Tao Yuanming's "Peach Blossom Spring": "There is traffic on the streets, and chickens and dogs hear each other."
4. Heavy rain: refers to the weather conditions during the Qingming Festival. The poet's use of the overlapping word "Shen" also reflects the depressing mood of people when they pay homage to their ancestors and sweep their tombs during the Qingming Festival.
5. Descendants: refers to the majority of people who participate in ancestor worship and tomb sweeping, because they are all descendants of their ancestors.
6. Grave: refers to the soil of the grave and the place where the grave is swept.
7. Qingshan: refers to cemeteries such as graveyards and cemeteries.
8. Smoke: generally refers to smoke, gas, clouds, fog, etc. There are two meanings here: first, it refers to the clouds and mist formed by clouds and rain; second, it refers to the smoke produced by the "incense, paper, and candles" burned by folk to worship their ancestors and sweep their tombs.
9. Burning incense: a written word for burning incense. Incense is used for worship. Ancient people often burned incense for worship and meditation.
10. Worship: Sacrifice jì, "Shuowen": "Sacrifice, sacrifice." "Book of Rites·Sacrifice System": The person who sacrifices, so he is pursuing filial piety. In the 21st century, there are two situations: one is the ceremony of respect for the deceased, such as paying homage. Tomb Sweeping Day honors the martyrs. The second is the activities of superstitious people worshiping ghosts and gods, such as offering sacrifices to the God of Wealth, offering sacrifices to heaven and earth, etc. This is an act of deceiving oneself and others. Worship bài, as a verb is kowtow, bow. Bowing is a form of traditional Chinese salute. The two hands are held together and pushed forward, with the body slightly bent, to show salute to others. During the Qingming Festival, it is a traditional folk custom to hold incense in hand when worshiping the deceased.
11. Ancestors: refers to ancestors; ancients. Often refers to deceased parents. See Han Yu of the Tang Dynasty's "Ode to Two Birds": "I was lucky enough to be born when the world was in peace, and to inherit the legacy of my ancestors.
”