Allusions and sources in "Farewell at the Changting Pavilion":
"Farewell at the Changting Pavilion" is a representative work of Wang Shifu, a playwright of the Wencai School. The music and lyrics are beautiful, and he is good at using allusions and transformations. Using beautiful sentences from ancient poetry, or incorporating myths and legends, the music and lyrics are beautiful, elegant, implicit and long-lasting, and have a poetic meaning.
1. Use of ancient poems
1. Blue sky, yellow flower field
Source: Fan Zhongyan's "Su Mu Zhe": clear sky, yellow leaf field.
The wonderful thing is that the leaves turn into flowers, and together with the flying geese and the frost forest, they color the late autumn scene: blue sky and white clouds, chrysanthemums all over the ground, a strong west wind, wild geese flying from the north to the south, and the frost forest is dyed, one sentence at a time. , using scenery with the characteristics of late autumn to set off Yingying's painful and depressed mood troubled by separation.
2. The pavilion is filled with tears and dare not hang down.
Origin from Song Dynasty's "Zhegu Tian": I am afraid of hurting the emperor's feelings in front of me, but the pavilion is full of tears and dare not hang down.
Miaochu Pavilion means "putting aside", which here means holding. Wang Shifu used this sentence from the Song Dynasty to describe Zhang Gong's situation of holding back tears "for fear that people will know", showing that he and Yingying are inseparable. Seeing it from Yingying's eyes makes it even more poignant and touching. On the one hand, it reflects Zhang Sheng's thoughtfulness and love for Yingying; on the other hand, it reflects Zhang Sheng's masculine spirit that is unwilling to show weakness in front of the old lady.
3. The mind is like crazy, the heart is like drunkenness, last night and today, Qing has reduced her waistline
Source: Li Qingzhao's "Drunk Flower Yin": There is no way to be in ecstasy, the west wind blows behind the curtain, People are thinner than yellow flowers.
The wonderful thing is that Li Yian’s words are used secretly to say that Yingying’s mind seems to be obsessed and her mood is like drunkenness. From last night to today, her slender waist has become thinner, exaggerating to show Yingying’s physical and mental interaction under emotional torture. weary.
4. The wine and food in the future will be white and cold like water, most of which will be tears of lovesickness
Source: Fan Zhongyan's "Su Mu Zhe": "Wine enters the sad heart and turns into tears of lovesickness." . ”
The beauty coincides with Fan Zhongyan’s words and phrases, using exaggeration, metaphors and contrasts to express the extreme sadness of being tired of drinking. In Cui Yingying's eyes, the warm wine is as light as water. Why? Because most of them are tears of lovesickness, which is really an illusion caused by Yingying's resentment.
5. The cochlear horn has a false reputation, but the petite head makes a small profit
Source: Su Shi's "Man Ting Fang": The cochlear horn has a false reputation, and the pet head makes a small profit
The wonderful quote is from Su Shi's "Man Ting Fang" The original sentence of the poem "Fang" vividly expresses Yingying's thoughts and feelings of cherishing love and despising fame and wealth.
6. Wetter than Sima Qingshan
The source is from Bai Juyi's "Pipa Xing" "Who wept the most? Jiangzhou Sima's green shirt is wet."
< p>The wonderful thing is that Wang Shifu used this poem to emphasize that the tears shed by Yingying were more than those shed by Bai Juyi listening to the sound of pipa, and it expresses the pain of parting.7. The shrike flies east to the west and the swallows fly west
The source is from the Yuefu poem "The Song of the Shrike Flying East": "The shrike flies east to the west and the swallows fly to the west. When Huanggu (petal ox) flies to the west, the weaver girl Meet each other".
The wonderful point is to quote a Yuefu poem, saying that the two of them have just said goodbye, not knowing when they will meet again, and writes Yingying's unbearable separation.
8. The heart is drunk before drinking, the eyes bleed, and the heart turns to gray
Source: Liu Yong's "Reporting Heartfelt Feelings": Before drinking, you feel drunk. Endless sorrow. The dusk clouds have passed, the autumn light has faded, and old friends are thousands of miles away. He stared at the sun in the sky.
The wonderful use of Liu Yong's words and phrases is to describe Yingying's grief when she and Zhang Gong parted. She was drunk before drinking, her eyes were bleeding, and her heart was ashen, which was even more sad than Liu Yong's.
9. There is no news about the fish and geese in the spring
The source is from Qin Guan's "Zheguantian": "There is no news about the fish and geese in the spring, and the dream soul is tired of traveling thousands of miles away."
The wonderful thing is a spring, a spring or a year, here generally refers to a long time, fish and geese, refers to letters. The poem quoted here is Yingying's farewell instruction to Zhang Sheng, hoping that he would not "lose his voice as soon as he leaves"! It describes Yingying's worries about their future.
10. With all the troubles in the world filling my mind, how can such a small car be able to carry it?
Source: Li Qingzhao's "Wulingchun" "I'm afraid that the boat on Shuangxi will not be able to carry many people." "Sorrow."
The beauty here is that "boat" is changed to "car", which means that there are thousands of worries and sorrows in Yingying's chest, which cannot be eliminated no matter what.
2. Integration of legends, myths and allusions
1. Crying red tears on sleeves
The source of red tears comes from "Shiyi Ji". It is said that Emperor Wen of Wei (Cao Pi) ), when the beauty Xue Lingyun she loved said goodbye to her parents and set off on the road, she held her tears in a jade spit pot, which turned red. When he arrived at the capital, the tears in the pot were as thick as blood. Later generations called the woman's tears "red tears".
The beauty is to use "red tears" to describe Yingying's sadness and pain.
2. I am willing to raise a case with him and raise my eyebrows to him
Source: "Book of the Later Han Dynasty·Liang Hong's Biography": "When I rent a pound for a man, every time I return home, my wife only has food. She does not dare to look up in front of him, so I raise my eyebrows to him." ”
The wonderful point is to use the allusion to describe Yingying’s psychology and thoughts: she wants to treat Zhang Gong with respect at the dinner table, and drink in love. But it can only be a fantasy. Here we write about Yingying’s resentment and loss. She complained that her mother was "too eager to provide food" and refused to avoid the already short farewell banquet, which made her and Zhang Sheng unable to say goodbye tenderly and could only "make secret glances".
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