Mastery of timbre, charm of timbre
Tone is the tone of speech, that is, the sound form of sentences when thoughts and feelings are moving. The charm of spoken English is mainly reflected in the complex and lively tone.
First, the expression of emotions mainly starts from two aspects:
1, timbre sense * * * color and weight, which is the soul of timbre;
2. It is the sound form and image of tone;
Under the control of the soul, the image has changed in many ways.
Sense of mood refers to the attitude and emotion contained in a sentence. Attitudes and tendencies are based on the judgment and analysis of graves, such as approval, opposition, praise, attack, praise and criticism.
The component of emotion is degree, measurement and temperature.
The combination of hue, color and weight constitutes the keynote of the manuscript.
Under the guidance of the tone and purpose of the manuscript, the tone of different sentences is integrated and infiltrated into an organic and harmonious whole according to certain connections, which finally embodies the tone and realizes the purpose.
Second, the four principles of feeling, color and weight of timbre. The determination of the feeling, color and weight of hue should conform to the four principles of macro and macro:
1 conforms to the correct world outlook, outlook on life and values;
2. It conforms to the essence of China traditional culture and positive spiritual concept;
3. Meet the standards of truth, goodness and beauty;
4. Conform to the basic laws and requirements of mass communication.
How to manipulate the feeling, color and composition of hue;
*** 1*** Seriously, meticulously and thoughtfully understand and feel the thoughts, feelings, connotations and intentions of words;
***2*** Unify articles with personal characteristics and styles, and coordinate and grasp them.
***3*** Incorporate your true feelings, way of thinking and language expression into the article. Only in this way can the recitation work have its own characteristics and personality.
Fourth, the sound form of tone.
On the basis of analyzing and grasping the feeling, color and weight of timbre, the emotional accumulation and brewing stage are carried out to form the momentum that is ready to go, and finally it is expressed in the form of sound.
Tone includes three elements: breath, voice and oral state.
1. Breath is the driving force of vocalization, which comes from the movement of thoughts and feelings. The movement of thoughts and feelings leads to the movement of breath, and the movement of breath changes the sound form.
2. Sound is the synthesis of timbre, pitch, sound intensity and sound length. These four things usually change in harmony, and their changes will also lead to changes in sound forms.
3. Oral state refers to the change state of oral tightness and opening and closing caused by the pronunciation of words at the request of thoughts and feelings.
When one of these three elements changes, the tone shape will change, and often * * * is used as the tone shape with the cooperation of the three elements.
Complex and lively timbre is the main factor to reflect the charm of audio language.
Reading skills * * * a * * psychological real feeling training
1. The application of logical feeling
The logical relationship of a work mainly refers to the arrangement and conception of the article structure. To grasp the logical relationship of the article, we can start from the following four aspects:
The hierarchical relationship between * *1* * * paragraphs, and see how the article is carried out.
The relationship between ***2*** sentence groups, such as juxtaposition, progression and causal turning, mainly starts with function words.
***3*** The use of notional words, especially the main verbs.
The use of ***4*** rhetorical methods.
2. Application of image perception
Images in works refer to tasks, events, landscapes, etc. These vivid images constantly affect our senses. When reading aloud, we need to mobilize these image objects to infect the audience and achieve the purpose of reading aloud.
3. The role of emotional feelings
When reading aloud, we should grasp the emotional clues of the works, determine the emotional tone when reading aloud, and also arouse the feelings of the audience. This unity of "three emotions" is the successful reading.
* * * 2 * * Language skills training
1. Stop the connection
Discontinuity refers to the temporary pause and continuation of sound in the stream of reading aloud, which can be said to be punctuation in the expression of audio language. On the one hand, pause is the need of the content and emotional expression of the work. Using pause in appropriate places will cause temporary pause and delay in reading, which will help listeners better understand and feel the ideological content of the work. On the other hand, it is also the physiological needs of readers.
* * *1* * disconnection classification
Breaks can be divided into two categories: grammatical breaks and emphatic breaks:
① Grammatical disjunction
Grammatical fracture reflects the grammatical relationship between sentences and shows the fracture of grammatical structure. For example:
Dear Mom and Dad:/Welcome!
Dear Dad:/Mom, welcome!
Dear:/Mom and Dad welcome you!
It can be seen that the grammatical relationship and structure displayed vary with the position of the stop. Grammatical breaks can be divided into two types:
One is teasing and stopping.
Punctuation is an important part of written language, which is expressed by pause in spoken language. The length of pause time is usually determined by the type of punctuation. The pause time of commonly used punctuation marks is roughly: period, question mark, exclamation point >; Semicolon, colon > comma > pause. For example:
The mountain is black as ink, standing on the wall, leaning towards the center of the river, as if it were going to fall down,/and the moonlight, from the top of the mountain, along the deep and upright valley, pours its clear brilliance onto the river. ……
Although punctuation marks are important signs of pause, they should not be applied mechanically, but should be handled flexibly according to the needs of semantic expression and tone. * * * The number of inclined vertical lines indicates the length of disconnection time * * *
The second is that the language group stops connecting.
Interruption refers to pausing according to the relationship between words where there are no punctuation marks. The pause of a group of words is shorter than that of a sentence. Generally speaking, there can be pauses between subject and predicate, between verb and object, and between modifier and head. For example:
/The sea/Turn over/It's raining hard, and it's going to be/washed/white in the sun.
The setting sun/turned the water/red, and dyed the sky/into thousands of shadows.
(2) Emphasize disconnection.
Emphasis on suspension is to highlight something or express a special feeling. It is not limited by grammatical pause, but determines the position and time of pause according to the needs of expression and expression. It can express a special meaning, or it can express the special relationship between its front and back connecting parts. There are mainly the following categories:
One is to show the difference in the statement:
Ground I/v; The driver/stool also stood firm. He/right/me, gradually almost became a threat. ...
"Yi" and "Coachman" are slightly backward, and the relationship and movements of characters are more clear, such as in front of them.
The second is to express the echo relationship in the sentence.
In this cry, the dark clouds heard the power of anger, the flame of enthusiasm and the confidence of victory. * * *-indicates connection * * *
Here, "dark clouds admit" is a cry, and the last three phrases "the power of anger", "the flame of enthusiasm" and "the confidence of victory" are responses. There should be an obvious pause after "I heard", but the last three phrases should be compact. If you pause mechanically with punctuation marks, it will become: in this cry, the dark clouds hear the power of anger,/the flame of enthusiasm, and the confidence of victory.
In this way, reading aloud destroys the corresponding relationship within the sentence and causes semantic ambiguity.
The third is to express the coordinate relationship in the sentence.
Use it/set up a tent, use it/mark the shuttle, use it/hold water, steam rice in a bowl, use it/make a pole, blow a fire pipe.
There are four parallel short sentences in this sentence, which can be paused after "use it" to show the sense of juxtaposition. Especially the third short sentence: when using/bowl to hold water and steaming rice, the middle should be connected, and punctuation should not be used to stop, otherwise five short sentences will be formed and the meaning will be scattered.
Fourth, the transformation relationship in the expression sentence:
I said to him, "Nothing. Go your way!
The coachman didn't pay attention-or didn't hear,
Instead, I put down the car, helped the old woman get up slowly, and stood by her arm. ...
In works, sentences are not always straightforward. With the development of content and plot, semantic changes and emotional contrast often occur between sentences. The pause between the two sentences will form a strong contrast between the indifference of "I" and the concern of "coachman"
***2*** disconnection method
From the perspective of sentence interruption and continuation, there are mainly the following four ways:
First, pause: that is, the pause time is relatively long, the final sound of the sentence falls with the trend, and the sound stops. This kind of pause is often used after a relatively complete meaning is finished, and it is often used in the period, question mark and exclamation mark in the sentence teasing pause.
Second, Yang stops: that is, the pause time is relatively short. Before stopping, the sound rises or flattens slightly. Although the sound stops, the gas is not exhausted. He only said half a sentence at will, and he knew it was, so there was the following. Often used in places where the meaning is not finished and there is a need to pause in the middle. Sentence funny pauses are often used in semicolons, commas and pause symbols.
The third is direct connection: that is, the connection is rapid and there is no trace of connection. Mostly used in places where the content is closely related and the feelings are continuously expressed. Generally used in conjunction with Yang Stop.
The fourth type is curve connection: that is, there is a certain gap at the connection line, but they are connected in series and go around. It is often used to connect and distinguish, and is often used in combination with landing and parking.
Please look at the following example:
Plum rain pool is a waterfall pool. There are three waterfalls in Xianyan,/plum rain pool is the lowest. When you walk to the hillside,/you hear the sound of flowers blooming and falling; /raise your head,/set in two wet black edges,/a bright white hose appears in front of your eyes. * * * for stopping,/for stopping, for connecting,-for direct connecting * * *
pressure
Stress refers to the sound that emphasizes some words in a sentence in order to highlight the theme, express ideas and express feelings. It is an important means to reflect the content of sentences. When reading aloud, the meaning will change with the stress position. For example:
I know you like reading novels. * * * Don't think I don't know * * *
I know you like reading novels. * * * I don't know if I like reading poetry * * *
Classification of * *1* * * stress:
Stress can be divided into grammatical stress and stress stress.
① Grammatical stress
Grammatical stress is the stress naturally expressed in sentence structure, and there are rules to follow. The position is also relatively fixed. For example, in a sentence, modifiers of predicate and head, interrogative pronouns and demonstrative pronouns are all grammatical stresses. For example:
Swallows skimmed the sea and floated on it. * * * Predicate * * *
I have unspeakable excitement and happiness in my heart. * * * Attributive * * *
This is my confession as a clerk. * * * demonstrative pronoun * * *
② Stress.
Stress is to emphasize the sounds of some words in a sentence in order to highlight some thoughts and feelings, which is also called "logical stress". Stress has no fixed position, it is determined according to the content and needs of ideographic expression.
The first is to highlight keywords and phrases that can display semantic content.
The second is the words that express the relationship of contrast, juxtaposition, reference and progression.
None of these teenagers can swim, but two or three are good at making waves.
The third is to express some strong feelings.
Farewell, my dear China, my dear China.
The fourth is figurative words.
Thunderous applause rang out from the meeting place.
Expressions of * * 2 * * stress
There are many ways to express stress, and the following three situations are common:
The first is to increase the volume. Consciously read some words heavier and louder to increase the volume.
At this time, he pushed me up hard, suddenly threw me aside and said loudly, "leave me quickly, we can't both lose!" " ..... to ... Remember the revolution! "
The second is to lengthen syllables. Not only deliberately lengthen syllables, but also emphasize stress by lengthening syllables.
The sun rises slowly, vertically and forcefully, just like a heavy burden for losers.
The third is to emphasize lightly. To express pressure, you don't have to increase the volume. Sometimes, you can use the method of reducing the volume and gently spit out the stress in a low voice, which will be better. This method is generally used to express extremely complicated and delicate feelings.
When the wind blows, reedlike flocks fly leisurely.
I came over gently with a smile.
The fourth is pause and emphasis. Pause after the words to be emphasized.
Goodbye, dear people! My heart will always be with you.
3. Language situation
Language potential refers to the change form of sound rising and falling, which is realized by controlling the tightness of vocal cords. The intonation from flat to high is called "Yang". The intonation is flat first and then falls, low and heavy, which becomes "inhibition". The intonation lacks change and stretches gently, which is called "flat"; Tone ups and downs frequently, ups and downs, called "Qu".
Commissioner Mao and Zhu led the team down the mountain to pick grain, didn't they use such a pole? * * * Raise the tone to express doubt * * *
Looking forward to, looking forward to, the east wind is coming, and the pace of spring is approaching. * * * Depressed tone, indicating affirmation * * *
There is a big garden behind my house, which is called Herb Garden according to legend. → * * * Direct tone, narration and explanation * * *
This is really the so-called "I will understand if you don't tell me, and the more you say it, the more confused I am" ... → * * * Distorted tone, teasing tone * * *
Step 4: rhythm
Rhythm refers to the repetitive form formed by the cadence and priority of the voice in the process of reading aloud. Common rhythm types usually include:
*** 1*** light
The advantages of this rhythm are faster speech speed, more emphasis and less suppression, more light and less emphasis, light voice, high word density, and sometimes a sense of jumping. It is often used to describe cheerful and humorous emotions. For example:
I like to see the clouds in the sky, the white and changeable clouds. Look, it will become a little yellow dog, wagging its tail and running after the sun; In a short time, he turned into a little gray sheep and danced happily on the grassland.
* * * 2 * * combination type
This rhythmic language is slow, restrained and less uplifting, more and less light, strong and concentrated, and sparse in word density. It is often used to express solemn atmosphere and depressed emotions. For example:
The hearse team is United as one. Farewell to the Prime Minister is heartbreaking, and 800 million tears are flying in China. The red flag hung low, and Xinhua was in tears. Prime Minister, when will you come back tonight?
***3*** soothing type
This rhythm is slow, steady, soft and effortless. It is often used to describe quiet scenes and beautiful scenery, and it can also express stretching feelings. For example:
The sea was silent. At our feet, the waves gently kissed the rocks. It seems that I am sleepy. On the calm and dark sea, the moonlight split into a long, narrow and bright Ting Yun, shining and trembling like silver scales.
* * * 4 * * Strong disease types
This kind of rhythm speaks fast, praises more and suppresses less, and has a powerful voice. It is often used to express nervous and urgent situations and express radical feelings. For example:
On the vast sea, the wind gathered dark clouds. Between the dark clouds and the sea, Haiyan flies proudly like black lightning.
One moment the wings hit the waves, and the other moment the arrow went straight to the dark clouds. It cried, and in this brave cry, the dark clouds heard the joy.
The above four types of rhythms are only general classifications, and each category can be further subdivided into small categories without listing them one by one. In the actual reading process, the rhythm of a work is not necessarily single, and often the rhythm will change with the change of the content plot. Therefore, in the process of reading aloud, the rhythm must vary from text to text, and it is forbidden to be rigid and single.